高硅丝光沸石的偏三甲苯异构化性能研究

介绍了高硅丝光沸石偏三甲苯异构化催化剂的制备方法，并在高压微反上从反应温度、空速、氢油比、再生性等方面考察了催化剂的性能。结果表明，该催化剂具有较高的催化活性、选择性和稳定性。     

高硅丝光沸石的烷烃异构化性能研究

以直接合成的高硅丝光沸石作异构化催化剂,可以简化目前沸石异构化催化剂生产步骤,提高丝光沸石利用率,降低生产成本。在小型评价装置上,考察直接合成的高硅丝光沸石的异构化性能,并与RISO异构化催化剂进行异构化性能比较,讨论脱铝过程对丝光沸石结构和异构化性能的影响,指出对高硅丝光沸石进行适度脱铝处理,使沸石结构造成缺陷和次级孔的存在,有可能是提高高硅丝光沸石异构化性能的方法。     

催化剂制备与研究 高硅丝光沸石的烷烃异构化性能研究

以直接合成的高硅丝光沸石作异构化催化剂,可以简化目前沸石异构化催化剂生产步骤,提高丝光沸石利用率,降低生产成本。在小型评价装置上,考察直接合成的高硅丝光沸石的异构化性能,并与RISO异构化催化剂进行异构化性能比较,讨论脱铝过程对丝光沸石结构和异构化性能的影响,指出对高硅丝光沸石进行适度脱铝处理,使沸石结构造成缺陷和次级孔的存在,有可能是提高高硅丝光沸石异构化性能的方法。     

氢型无粘结剂丝光沸石催化乙醇胺氨化制备乙二胺

将硅铝原料与丝光沸石晶种混合成型,对成型前驱体进行水热转化成功制备了c轴方向晶体尺寸为100~200nm的无粘结剂丝光沸石分子筛,通过XRD、TEM、SEM对其进行了表征,结果表明制备的无粘结剂丝光沸石分子筛具有规整的宏观形貌、较高的结晶度和机械强度。基于制备的无粘结剂丝光沸石分子筛,研制了乙醇胺(MEA)催化氨化制乙二胺(EDA)的催化剂。制备的无粘结剂丝光沸石催化剂具有较高的表面酸性以及丰富的孔结构,表现出良好的催化活性和乙二胺选择性。在反应温度为330~340 ℃,乙醇胺液时空速(LHSV)为0.40 h-1, n(NH3)∶n(MEA)= 30,反应压力为1.8 MPa的条件下进行稳定性实验,MEA的单程转化率约50%,EDA选择性大于70%,EDA和哌嗪(PIP)的总收率在40%左右,催化剂运行1400h保持良好的稳定性。再生实验结果表明再生后催化剂活性有较好的恢复。     

用水汽法脱铝改性天然丝光沸石催化剂的研究

本实验采用二甲苯异构化和甲苯歧化作为考察不同酸强度要求的典型反应,以铵法处理的样品为母体,考察了酸交换、湿空气与水汽处理三种不同改性方法制得的天然丝光沸石催化剂对反应活性和选择性的影响,得出催化剂酸强度与催化性能之间的对应关系。详细地探讨了水汽处理温度与时间对催化剂硅铝比,钠,钾离子含量及催化活性,反应条件下活性中心的影响,提出了控制硅铝比简便而有效的方法。     

丝光沸石择形催化合成甲胺反应的性能研究

制备了经阳离子改性的合成丝光沸石催化剂 ;以氨和甲醇为原料 ,在常压固定床上进行了合成甲胺反应研究 ,考察了工艺条件对催化剂催化性能的影响 ,并通过正交试验筛选出最佳工艺条件。结果表明 :经钙、镁离子交换的丝光沸石催化剂具有较高活性和良好选择性 ,甲醇转化率 >90 % ,对二甲胺的单程选择性 >40 %。自制的这种钙离子改性丝光沸石催化剂(CaHM)的催化性能优于目前国内工业化的甲胺生产催化剂 ,而且CaHM是经添加粘接剂焙烧成型的样品 ,可直接供产品的中试放大。     

MOR的合成、表征及催化油酸异构化性能的研究

在不添加有机模板剂的体系中，利用晶种诱导法一步水热合成不规则菱形结构的高纯度丝光沸石MOR。考察了晶化时间、晶化温度、投料硅铝摩尔比对沸石合成的影响，并对其进行酸改性制备了油酸异构催化剂。通过XRD、SEM、Py-IR、BET、TG等对合成MOR沸石的晶体结构、元素分布、物化性质进行表征分析，研究了不同改性煅烧温度对HMOR结构和酸性的影响。结果表明，以油酸异构化反应为探针、HMOR-400为催化剂，在反应温度为270℃、反应时间为4 h、水添加质量分数为4%、催化剂质量分数为6%的反应条件下，油酸(OA)转化率为93.20%,主产物异硬脂酸(IA)产率达到66.93%;将催化剂回收重复利用5次，异硬脂酸产率仍可以达到49.34%。     

二甲苯异构PX催化剂生产简介 ——异构PX催化剂铂生命周期成长

介绍了对二甲苯异构催化剂的制备原理,分析了分子筛含量、氧化铝含量、沸石的硅铝比、沸石的交换度、金属功能等对催化剂反应性能的影响。简述C■异构化催化剂生产工艺和催化剂制备注意事项,并对异构化催化剂国产研究提出了建议。     

脉冲色谱法研究丝光沸石上二甲苯的异构化

应用脉冲色谱法和经典的固定床反应器,测定了HM、CuHM、CuM,PtHM以及低铅丝光沸石等离子交换的丝光沸石上间二甲苯异构化反应的活性和选择性。发现上述两种方法所得结果基本一致。CuM样品对于间二甲苯的异构化反应具有活性高、选择性好、抗毒性强等优良性能。在用脉冲色谱法测定催化剂活性的同时,应用吡啶中毒法测定了催化剂各样品活性中心数目,并探讨了脱阳离子丝光沸石上二甲苯异构化反应的催化活性、活性中心数目和所交换的阳离子性质、数量以及活化温度等催化剂制备、使用条件之间的关系。     

对苯二甲酸催化加氢的Ru-Sn-B/丝光沸石催化性能

采用分步浸渍和化学还原的方法制备以丝光沸石分子筛为载体的Ru-Sn-B催化剂,研究了在负载型催化剂Ru-Sn-B/丝光沸石上对苯二甲酸催化加氢制备1,4-环己烷二甲醇的加氢催化性能,并利用XRD和BET等分析手段对Ru-Sn-B/丝光沸石催化剂进行表征。结果表明,RuB和Sn在丝光沸石上具有较好的分散性,Ru-Sn-B/丝光沸石催化剂具有较高的催化活性和选择性;催化加氢过程中采用两段升温升压的方法,对苯二甲酸转化率约100%,产物1,4-环己烷二甲醇的收率为73.5%,反式与顺式之比为2.42     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。