多元醇法制备纳米Fe3O4及其静磁性能的研究

以氯化亚铁为前驱物,1,2-丙二醇为还原剂,采用多元醇法意外获得Fe3O4纳米粒子.通过X射线衍射分析标定了获得样品的物相为面心立方结构的Fe3O4,用透射电镜观察了样品的形貌,颗粒形貌为球形,大小为50～70nm,反应机理的研究表明,Fe2 发生了歧化反应,反应主要向氧化的方向进行.用振动样品磁强计表征了样品的静磁性能,测得的饱和磁化强度为74.30A·m2/kg,矫顽力仅为102.68A/m,粒子具有超顺磁性.     

SiC/YAG烧结工艺及铝钇比的研究

为了确定形成YAG（Y3Al5O12)的最佳Al2O3与Y2O3的摩尔比和SiC/YAG陶瓷复合材料的烧结工艺,以Al2O3、Y2O3和SiC为原料,利用机械混合法和无压烧结工艺研究了SiC/YAG陶瓷复合材料的制备工艺参数,并研究了烧结工艺及Al2O3与Y2O3的摩尔比对材料的物相组成、密度、抗弯强度和维氏硬度的影响规律。结果表明,在烧结过程中由于氧化铝的挥发,形成YAG相的铝钇摩尔比并非理论值1.67,而是发生偏离,当烧结工艺为1850℃,30min时,形成YAG相的最佳铝钇摩尔比为1．5,材料的抗弯强度为424.4MPa,维氏硬度为21.3GPa。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备聚酰亚胺/Al2O3纳米复合材料的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了聚酰亚胺(PI)/Al2O3纳米复合薄膜,通过测定胶液在贮存过程中粘度的变化研究了纳米复合胶液的贮存稳定性,采用热失重分析、拉伸强度和体积电阻率等测试方法研究了纳米复合薄膜的性能.结果表明,当Al2O3含量不大于14%时,纳米Al2O3前驱体的存在对纳米复合胶液的贮存稳定性影响不大或基本上没有影响;与纯PI薄膜相比,Al2O3含量不大于5%时,纳米复合薄膜的表观分解温度、拉伸强度以及常态下的体积电阻率均有明显提高;纳米Al2O3的存在有利于改善薄膜的高温电性能.     

Synthesis of CoSb3 by a modified polyol process

Thermoelectric (TE) materials are attracting renewed interest for clean energy conversion. Potentially high figure-of-merit (ZT) is achievable through the approach of preparing nanostructured TE materials. In this work, CoSb₃ nanoparticles were fabricated via a modified polyol process. X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were used to characterize the synthesized products. The results showed that high purity CoSb₃ nanoparticles could be prepared at a temperature as low as 180 °C. It was also found that the phase composition of the final products is highly dependent on reaction temperature and duration.     

单分散纳米锌铁氧体的制备及其磁性能EI北大核心CSCD

以乙酰丙酮铁和乙酰丙酮锌为前驱体,三乙二醇为溶剂,采用多元醇法制备了单分散的ZnFe_2O_4纳米颗粒。通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)等对样品的结构、形貌和磁性能进行了表征。结果表明:所制备的ZnFe_2O_4纳米颗粒分散性较好,尺寸均一,平均粒径为5.6nm;在室温下产物的饱和磁化强度为18.10A·m^2/kg,剩磁较小,矫顽力为9355A/m,表现出亚铁磁性;50mg和100mg的样品分别与lmL水形成的悬浮液,在交变磁场中升温分别可达到22℃和30℃,表现出一定的磁热性能。     

Al2O3/Ni金属陶瓷力学性能和介电性能的研究

以热压烧结的方法制备了Al2O3/Ni金属陶瓷,探讨了Al2O3/Ni金属陶瓷显微结构、力学性能及微波介电性能随Ni粒子含量变化的规律.结果表明,在垂直于压力方向上,Ni粒子有明显的受压拉伸现象;当Ni粒子含量从5%(体积分数)增加至20%(体积分数)时,金属陶瓷中Ni粒子的分布由孤立向部分桥连方式转变.随Ni粒子含量的增加,金属陶瓷致密度略有下降,抗弯强度明显降低.与纯氧化铝陶瓷相比,含20%(体积分数)Ni粒子Al2O3/Ni金属陶瓷的断裂韧性提高了50%左右,达到6.4MPa·m1/2.复介电常数测试结果表明,在8.2～12.4GHz频率范围内,金属陶瓷复介电常数的实部和损耗随Ni粒子含量的增加逐渐上升.当Ni粒子含量达到20%(体积分数)时,由于Ni粒子之间的部分桥连现象而使介电常数虚部在一定频段出现负值.     

微波多元醇法制备单分散Ni1-xZnxFe2O4/MWCNTs与磁性能

以多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)为模板,三乙二醇(TREG)为溶剂,采用微波多元醇法制备MWC-NTs负载组成可控的Ni1-xZnxFe2O4(x=0.4、0.5、0.6)纳米复合材料Ni1-xZnxFe2O4/MWCNTs。其结构和形貌通过XRD、SEM、TEM和EDX进行表征,用VSM测试样品的磁性,并探讨了微波功率、微波时间对镍锌铁氧体负载的影响。结果表明立方系尖晶石结构的单分散Ni1-xZnxFe2O4磁性纳米粒子均匀负载在碳纳米管表面,平均粒径约为6nm;其磁性能与镍锌铁氧体的组成有关,随着Zn含量的增加,饱和磁化强度(Ms)先增大后减小,当x=0.5时Ms达到最大值。矫顽力(Hc)都比较小,在室温下表现为超顺磁性。     

LiOH-LiNO3低共熔混合锂盐体系合成LiNi1/3CO1/3Al1/3O2

利用低共熔组成的0.38LiOH " H20-0.62LiN03混合锂盐体系与共沉淀合成的前躯体Ni1/3Co1/3Al1/3 (OH)2简单混合,经三阶段温度烧结制备出锂离子电池正极材料LiNi1/3 CO1/3 A11/3 O2,该法工艺简单,成本低,无需研磨即可以使物料在低共熔点温度上达到均匀混合的目的.经X粉末...     

TiAl/Al_2O_3复合材料的原位合成与表征

采取铝热原位合成的方法,以钛白粉和铝粉为原料原位合成制备TiAl/Al2O3复合材料。通过XRD分析了不同温度下反应过程及烧结样品的物相形成规律。分析结果表明:在750℃条件下反应时,原料中心部分变成了黑色,反应生成了钛的低价氧化物。随着温度的升高逐渐形成了部分TiAl金属间化合物和Al2O3。当温度达到1250℃时,反应比较充分,主要生成了TiAl金属间化合物和Al2O3,原位合成了TiAl/Al2O3复合材料。     

ZnO/Al2O3复合纳米颗粒的制备与表征

以硫酸锌和氢氧化钠为原料,采用直接沉淀法制备了纳米氧化锌,并用硫酸铝水解生成的三氧化铝对钠米氧化锌进行了表面改性,并采用IR、TEM、SEM、XRD等手段对改性前后的粉体进行表征研究.TEM和SEM分析结果表明,改性后粉体颗粒的粒径小、团聚现象减轻.此外,进行了粉体的光催化降解甲基橙的实验研究.实验结果表明,改性后ZnO粉体的光催化活性明显下降,这进一步证明了纳米氧化锌颗粒表面存在三氧化二铝的包覆层.     

ZnO/Al_2O_3复合纳米颗粒的制备与表征

为研究ZnO/Al2O3复合纳米颗粒在涂料、化妆品等领域的应用,采用直接沉淀法制备了纳米ZnO,用硫酸铝水解生成的Al2O3对纳米ZnO进行了表面改性。采用IR、TEM、SEM、XRD等手段对改性前后的粉体进行表征。分析结果表明,改性后粉体颗粒的团聚现象减轻。粉体的光催化降解甲基橙的实验研究表明,改性后ZnO粉体的光催化活性明显下降,进一步证明纳米ZnO颗粒表面存在Al2O3的包覆层。     

甲烷在Ni/Al2O3催化剂上积碳与失活行为研究

采用浸渍法制备Ni/Al2O3催化剂,研究反应条件对甲烷裂解生成碳产物形貌的影响和催化剂的失活机制.结果表明:在40Ni/Al2O3催化剂上碳生成物的沉积形式均呈纤维状结构,反应温度越高、空速越大,碳纤维的直径越小;碳在金属颗粒体相中的扩散是碳纳米纤维生长过程的速率控制步骤,当碳的生成速率低于碳在Ni中的体相扩散和迁移速率,生成的炭以纤维状结构生长.     

Wear behavior of nanostructured Al/Al2O3 composite fabricated via accumulative roll bonding (ARB) process

In the present work, wear behavior of nanostructured aluminum and composite performed by accumulative roll bonding (ARB) process was investigated. The wear characteristics were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Also, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and crystallographic texture investigations were performed. The results indicated that the ARB process led to the decrease in wear resistance of the monolithic and composite samples compared with as-received aluminum strip. The adhesive, abrasive and delaminating wear mechanisms occurred in the monolithic and composite samples simultaneously. At higher number of ARB cycles, delamination was the dominant wear mechanism. It was found that the surface damage of the composite was more extensive than that of the monolithic sample due to the occurrence of spalling mechanism. It was suggested that the intense Rotated Cube {0 0 1}〈1 1 0〉 texture component of composite helped to crack nucleation and propagation greatly. The role of delamination and especially, spalling in decreasing the wear resistance of composite was very important such that it eliminated the role of reinforcing particles and grain size on the wear resistance.     

Al_2O_3/Al复合材料型内处理成型工艺研究

论述了Ａｌ２Ｏ３（ｐ）／Ａｌ复合材料型内处理成型工艺，并讨论了影响复合区域凝固过程的有关因素，指出了控制复合区域内Ａｌ２Ｏ３粒子的分布的途径。     

不同锰含量纳米MnO2-Fe2O3-CeO2/Al2O3的制备、表征及其催化还原NO/NO_2性能

减少发动机冷启动极低温度下排气中的NO_x对于生态环境与人类健康至关重要,MnO₂在低温区间对NO_x具有较高催化活性,是一种极具发展前景的纳米催化剂。通过超声波辅助共沉淀法制备不同锰含量MnO₂-Fe₂O₃-CeO₂/Al₂O₃纳米催化材料,探讨表面结构特性与其脱硝活性的内在联系。研究发现:锰含量为15%(质量分数)时具有最大比表面积与最小晶粒,活性物质分布最为均匀,金属氧化物结晶度得到抑制,Mn,Fe和Ce呈现较佳共存态,能够促进化学吸附氧的富集,并通过提高NO催化氧化成NO₂来提高快速SCR反应速率,NO₂转化率在50℃时即达到了88.5%。在改善催化材料构效关系、提高NO预氧化和快速SCR反应性能方面,优化锰含量是一种极其有效的方法。     

Synthesis and characterization of Al-Zn/Al2O3 nano-powder composites

Composites consisting of Al-Zn/Al2O3 have been synthesized using high energy mechanical milling. High energy ball milling increases the sintering rate of the composite powder due to increased diffusion rate. Owing to the finer microstructure, the hardness of the sintered composite produced by using the mechanically milled nanocomposite powder is significantly higher than that of the sintered composite produced by using the as-mixed powder. The mean crystallite size of the matrix has been determined to be 27 nm by Scherrer equation using X-ray diffraction data. The powders have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The effect of high-energy ball milling and subsequent annealing on a mixture of Al and ZnO has also been investigated. DTA result show that the reaction temperature of Al-ZnO decreases with the increase in the ball milling time.     

Effects of SiC,Al2O3, and ZrO2 particles on the LBMed characteristics of Al/SiC,Al/Al2O3, and Al/ZrO2 MMCs prepared by stir casting process

The effects of SiC, Al₂O₃, and ZrO₂ particles on the characteristics of Al/SiC, Al/Al₂O₃, and Al/ZrO₂ metal matrix composites (MMCs) have been studied in the present research work. The comparison of machining characteristics has been done to analyze the behavior of various reinforced particles with the variation of laser machining variables. The output characteristics such as dross height and kerf deviation have been investigated and compared with each MMCs. SEM and XRD have been used for the investigation of morphological changes in the structure and agglomeration of reinforced particles. The crack and recast layer formation has been examined in the specimens of higher quantity of reinforced particles. It was observed that the MMC material reinforced with SiC particles has shown different behavior as compared to other MMC materials.     

SiO2/Al2O3复合包覆TiH2颗粒发泡剂的制备

采用非均匀成核法制备包覆有SiO2和Al2O3的TiH2发泡剂,观察了包覆层形貌,进行了释氢实验.结果表明: SiO2/Al2O3的包覆层均匀、致密,形成内松外紧的结构,具有较大的热阻,降低了TiH2表面的热流密度,有效延迟释放氢气时间达160s.