共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (HPSCs) have achieved an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.2% in 2019. At this stage, it is of paramount importance to understand in detail the working mechanism of these devices and which physical and chemical processes govern not only their power conversion efficiency but also their long‐term stability. The interfaces between the perovskite film and the charge transport layers are among the most important factors in determining both the PCE and stability of HPSCs. Herein, an overview is provided on the recent advances in the fundamental understanding of how these interfaces influence the performance of HPSCs. Firstly, it is discussed how the surface energy of the charge transport layer, the energy level alignment at the interfaces, the charge transport in interfacial layers, defects and mobile ions in the perovskite film, and interfacial layers or at the interfaces affect the charge recombination as well as hysteresis and light soaking phenomenon. Then it is discussed how the interfaces and interfacial materials influence the stability of HPSCs. At the same time, an overview is also provided on the various design strategies for the interfaces and the interfacial materials. At the end, the outlook for the development of highly efficient and stable HPSCs is provided. 相似文献
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The recently emerged integrated perovskite/bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cells (IPOSCs) without any recombination layers have generated wide attention. This type of device structure can take the advantages of tandem cells using both perovskite solar and near-infrared (NIR) BHJ organic solar materials for wide-range sunlight absorption and the simple fabrication of single junction cells, as the low bandgap BHJ layer can provide additional light harvesting in the NIR region and the high open-circuit voltage can be maintained at the same time. This progress report highlights the recent developments in such IPOSCs and the possible challenges ahead. In addition, the recent development of perovskite solar cells and NIR organic solar cells is also covered to fully underline the importance and potential of IPOSCs. 相似文献
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Wu-Qiang Wu Peter N. Rudd Qi Wang Zhibin Yang Jinsong Huang 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2020,32(28):2000995
Currently, blade-coated perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs), that is, greater than 20%, normally employ methylammonium lead tri-iodide with a sub-optimal bandgap. Alloyed perovskites with formamidinium (FA) cation have narrower bandgap and thus enhance device photocurrent. However, FA-alloyed perovskites show low phase stability and high moisture sensitivity. Here, it is reported that incorporating 0.83 molar percent organic halide salts (OHs) into perovskite inks enables phase-pure, highly crystalline FA-alloyed perovskites with extraordinary optoelectronic properties. The OH molecules modulate the crystal growth, enhance the phase stability, passivate ionic defects at the surface and/or grain boundaries, and enhance the moisture stability of the perovskite film. A high efficiency of 22.0% under 1 sun illumination for blade-coated PSCs is demonstrated with an open-circuit voltage of 1.18 V, corresponding to a very small voltage deficit of 0.33 V, and significantly improved operational stability with 96% of the initial efficiency retained under one sun illumination for 500 h. 相似文献
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Pankaj Yadav M. Ibrahim Dar Neha Arora Essa A. Alharbi Fabrizio Giordano Shaik Mohammed Zakeeruddin Michael Grätzel 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2017,29(40)
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on cesium (Cs)‐ and rubidium (Rb)‐containing perovskite films show highly reproducible performance; however, a fundamental understanding of these systems is still emerging. Herein, this study has systematically investigated the role of Cs and Rb cations in complete devices by examining the transport and recombination processes using current–voltage characteristics and impedance spectroscopy in the dark. As the credibility of these measurements depends on the performance of devices, this study has chosen two different PSCs, (MAFACs)Pb(IBr)3 (MA = CH3NH3+, FA = CH(NH2)2+) and (MAFACsRb)Pb(IBr)3, yielding impressive performances of 19.5% and 21.1%, respectively. From detailed studies, this study surmises that the confluence of the low trap‐assisted charge‐carrier recombination, low resistance offered to holes at the perovskite/2,2′,7,7′‐tetrakis(N,N‐di‐p‐methoxyphenylamine)‐9,9‐spirobifluorene interface with a low series resistance (Rs), and low capacitance leads to the realization of higher performance when an extra Rb cation is incorporated into the absorber films. This study provides a thorough understanding of the impact of inorganic cations on the properties and performance of highly efficient devices, and also highlights new strategies to fabricate efficient multiple‐cation‐based PSCs. 相似文献
5.
Oskar J. Sandberg Jona Kurpiers Martin Stolterfoht Dieter Neher Paul Meredith Safa Shoaee Ardalan Armin 《Advanced Materials Interfaces》2020,7(10)
Perovskite semiconductors as the active materials in efficient solar cells exhibit free carrier diffusion lengths on the order of microns at low illumination fluxes and many hundreds of nanometers under 1 sun conditions. These lengthscales are significantly larger than typical junction thicknesses, and thus the carrier transport and charge collection should be expected to be diffusion controlled. A consensus along these lines is emerging in the field. However, the question as to whether the built‐in potential plays any role is still of matter of some conjecture. This important question using phase‐sensitive photocurrent measurements and theoretical device simulations based upon the drift‐diffusion framework is addressed. In particular, the role of the built‐in electric field and charge‐selective transport layers in state‐of‐the‐art p–i–n perovskite solar cells comparing experimental findings and simulation predictions is probed. It is found that while charge collection in the junction does not require a drift field per se, a built‐in potential is still needed to avoid the formation of reverse electric fields inside the active layer, and to ensure efficient extraction through the charge transport layers. 相似文献
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Yu‐Che Hsiao Ting Wu Mingxing Li Bin Hu 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2015,27(18):2899-2906
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Fabian Schackmar Helge Eggers Markus Frericks Bryce S. Richards Uli Lemmer Gerardo Hernandez-Sosa Ulrich W. Paetzold 《Advanced Materials Technologies》2021,6(2):2000271
One of the key challenges of perovskite photovoltaics is the scalable fabrication of high-efficiency perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Not only the scalable deposition of high-quality perovskite thin-films itself, but also the adjacent charge extraction layers is pivotal. In this work, PSCs based on all-inkjet-printed absorber and extraction layers are presented, allowing for a scalable and material-efficient deposition. The inkjet-printed PSCs are of p–i–n-architecture with a precursor-based nickel oxide hole-transport layer, a high-quality inkjet-printed triple-cation (methylammonium, formamidinium, and cesium) perovskite absorber layer and a double layer electron-transport layer of phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester and bathocuproine. The ink properties, inkjet parameters, and annealing procedure are optimized for each layer. PSCs with such inkjet-printed absorber and charge carrier extraction layers demonstrate an efficiency of >17% with low hysteresis. Although printed in ambient atmosphere, the devices show excellent short-term stability (40 h) even under elevated temperature (85 °C). These results are a promising next step on the way to fully inkjet-printed perovskite solar cells, including both electrodes as well. 相似文献
9.
Bo Li Huayan Wang Aqiang Liu Yang Liu Wei Pu Ting Shen Mengjie Li Meidan Que Jianjun Tian Qilin Dai Sining Yun 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2023,19(35):2301061
The additive engineering strategy promotes the efficiency of solution-processed perovskite solar cells (PSCs) over 25%. However, compositional heterogeneity and structural disorders occur in perovskite films with the addition of specific additives, making it imperative to understand the detrimental impact of additives on film quality and device performance. In this work, the double-edged sword effects of the methylammonium chloride (MACl) additive on the properties of methylammonium lead mixed-halide perovskite (MAPbI3-xClx ) films and PSCs are demonstrated. MAPbI3-xClx films suffer from undesirable morphology transition during annealing, and its impacts on the film quality including morphology, optical properties, structure, and defect evolution are systematically investigated, as well as the power conversion efficiency (PCE) evolution for related PSCs. The FAX (FA = formamidinium, X = I, Br, and Ac) post-treatment strategy is developed to inhibit the morphology transition and suppress defects by compensating for the loss of the organic components, a champion PCE of 21.49% with an impressive open-circuit voltage of 1.17 V is obtained, and remains over 95% of the initial efficiency after storing over 1200 hours. This study elucidates that understanding the additive-induced detrimental effects in halide perovskites is critical to achieve the efficient and stable PSCs. 相似文献
10.
Martin Stolterfoht Max Grischek Pietro Caprioglio Christian M. Wolff Emilio Gutierrez-Partida Francisco Peña-Camargo Daniel Rothhardt Shanshan Zhang Meysam Raoufi Jakob Wolansky Mojtaba Abdi-Jalebi Samuel D. Stranks Steve Albrecht Thomas Kirchartz Dieter Neher 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2020,32(17):2000080
Perovskite photovoltaic (PV) cells have demonstrated power conversion efficiencies (PCE) that are close to those of monocrystalline silicon cells; however, in contrast to silicon PV, perovskites are not limited by Auger recombination under 1-sun illumination. Nevertheless, compared to GaAs and monocrystalline silicon PV, perovskite cells have significantly lower fill factors due to a combination of resistive and non-radiative recombination losses. This necessitates a deeper understanding of the underlying loss mechanisms and in particular the ideality factor of the cell. By measuring the intensity dependence of the external open-circuit voltage and the internal quasi-Fermi level splitting (QFLS), the transport resistance-free efficiency of the complete cell as well as the efficiency potential of any neat perovskite film with or without attached transport layers are quantified. Moreover, intensity-dependent QFLS measurements on different perovskite compositions allows for disentangling of the impact of the interfaces and the perovskite surface on the non-radiative fill factor and open-circuit voltage loss. It is found that potassium-passivated triple cation perovskite films stand out by their exceptionally high implied PCEs > 28%, which could be achieved with ideal transport layers. Finally, strategies are presented to reduce both the ideality factor and transport losses to push the efficiency to the thermodynamic limit. 相似文献
11.
Ligang Yuan Jiarong Wang Peng Huang Qixin Yin Shibing Zou Lipeng Wang Zheng Zhang Huiming Luo Feng Liu Jianhang Qiu Jiangsheng Xie Liming Ding Keyou Yan 《Small Methods》2023,7(3):2201467
Post-treatment is an essential passivation step for the state-of-the-art perovskite solar cells (PSCs) but the additional role is not yet exploited. In this work, perovskite film is fabricated under ambient air with wide humidity window and identify that chloride redistribution induced by post-treatment plays an important role in high performance. The chlorine/iodine ratio on the perovskite surface increases from 0.037 to 0.439 after cyclohexylmethylammonium iodide (CHMAI) treatment and the PSCs deliver a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.42% (certificated 23.60%). The maximum external quantum efficiency of electroluminescence (EQEEL) reaches to 10.84% with a radiance of 170 W sr−1 m−2, forming the reciprocity relation between EQEEL and nonradiative open-circuit voltage loss (86.0 mV). After thermal annealing, 2D component of perovskite will increase while chloride decline, leading to improved photovoltage but reduced fill factor. Hence, it distinguishes that chloride enrichment can improve charge transport/recombination simultaneously and 2D passivation can suppress the nonradiative recombination. Moreover, CHMAI can leverage their roles in charge transport/recombination for better performance than phenylethylammonium iodide (Cl/I = 0.114, PCE = 23.32%), due to the stronger binding energy of Cl−. This work provides the insight that the chloride fixation can improve the photovoltaic performance. 相似文献
12.
Dongxu Ren;Xing Li;Zhao Zhang;Xianggang Chen;Zhike Liu;Miao Yang;Yaqi Mo;Zhuoxin Li;Jieqiong Chen;Xuepeng Liu;Songyuan Dai;Molang Cai; 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2024,20(37):2401831
Quasi-2D perovskites have attracted much attention in perovskite photovoltaics due to their excellent stability. However, their photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) still lags 3D counterparts, particularly with high short-circuit current (JSC) loss. The quantum confinement effect is pointed out to be the sole reason, which introduces widened bandgap and poor exciton dissociation, and undermines the light capture and charge transport. Here, the gradient incorporation of formamidinium (FA) cations into quasi-2D perovskite is proposed to address this issue. It is observed that FA prefers to incorporate into the larger n value phases near the film surface compared to the smaller n value phases in the bulk, resulting in a narrow bandgap and gradient structure within the film. Through charge dynamic analysis using in situ light-dark Kelvin probe force microscopy and transient absorption spectroscopy, it is demonstrated that incorporating 10% FA significantly facilitates efficient charge transfer between low n-value phases in the bulk and high n-value nearby film surface, leading to reduced charge accumulation. Ultimately, the device based on (AA)2(MA0.9FA0.1)4Pb5I16, where AA represents n-amylamine renowned for its exceptional environmental stability as a bulky organic ligand, achieves an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.58% and demonstrates enhanced illumination and thermal stability. 相似文献
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Christian M. Wolff Fengshuo Zu Andreas Paulke Lorena Perdigón Toro Norbert Koch Dieter Neher 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2017,29(28)
Perovskite solar cells with all‐organic transport layers exhibit efficiencies rivaling their counterparts that employ inorganic transport layers, while avoiding high‐temperature processing. Herein, it is investigated how the choice of the fullerene derivative employed in the electron‐transporting layer of inverted perovskite cells affects the open‐circuit voltage (VOC). It is shown that nonradiative recombination mediated by the electron‐transporting layer is the limiting factor for the VOC in the cells. By inserting an ultrathin layer of an insulating polymer between the active CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite and the fullerene, an external radiative efficiency of up to 0.3%, a VOC as high as 1.16 V, and a power conversion efficiency of 19.4% are realized. The results show that the reduction of nonradiative recombination due to charge‐blocking at the perovskite/organic interface is more important than proper level alignment in the search for ideal selective contacts toward high VOC and efficiency. 相似文献
14.
Fengzhu Li Jie Zhang SaeByeok Jo Minchao Qin Zhen Li Tiantian Liu Xinhui Lu Zonglong Zhu Alex K.‐Y. Jen 《Small Methods》2020,4(5)
Dion–Jacobson (DJ) phase 2D layered perovskites with diammonium organic cations demonstrate improved stability over 3D perovskites under thermal/photo/moisture stresses. However, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of DJ phase perovskite solar cells (PVSCs) is often limited by the poor charge transport across the perovskite layers due to the crystal growth direction that tends to be parallel to the substrate. Here, a simple and effective method is demonstrated by employing a NH4SCN additive to facilitate the orientation of perovskite crystal growth to be perpendicular to the substrate. Also, the layer number distribution can be narrowed to around n = 3 and n = 4 with NH4SCN addition. The device derived from the quasi‐2D DJ (BDA)(MA)4Pb5I16 perovskite film processed with NH4SCN shows a PCE of 14.53%, which is among the highest values reported for 2D PVSCs prepared at room temperature. Moreover, the device retains 85% of its initial PCE after 900 h storage in ambient conditions with a humidity level of 50 ± 5%. These results demonstrate that this attractive approach will enable highly efficient and stable PVSCs to be made for renewable energy applications. 相似文献
15.
Qiufeng Ye Yang Zhao Shaiqiang Mu Fei Ma Feng Gao Zema Chu Zhigang Yin Pingqi Gao Xingwang Zhang Jingbi You 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2019,31(49)
Cesium‐based inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are promising due to their potential for improving device stability. However, the power conversion efficiency of the inorganic PSCs is still low compared with the hybrid PSCs due to the large open‐circuit voltage (VOC) loss possibly caused by charge recombination. The use of an insulated shunt‐blocking layer lithium fluoride on electron transport layer SnO2 for better energy level alignment with the conduction band minimum of the CsPbI3‐xBrx and also for interface defect passivation is reported. In addition, by incorporating lead chloride in CsPbI3‐xBrx precursor, the perovskite film crystallinity is significantly enhanced and the charge recombination in perovksite is suppressed. As a result, optimized CsPbI3‐xBrx PSCs with a band gap of 1.77 eV exhibit excellent performance with the best VOC as high as 1.25 V and an efficiency of 18.64%. Meanwhile, a high photostability with a less than 6% efficiency drop is achieved for CsPbI3‐xBrx PSCs under continuous 1 sun equivalent illumination over 1000 h. 相似文献
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Tianyu Li Ming Ren Yuyan Zhang Lingyi Fang Jidong Zhang Yi Yuan Jing Zhang Peng Wang 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2020,16(25)
Judicious tailoring of a robust interlayer is central to maintain the durable operation of optoelectronic devices. In this paper, an ultrathin, compact, and uniform PbI2 shell on the surface of perovskite via the method of ZnI2 aided in situ transformation is produced. The resultant PbI2 interlayer can prolong the excited‐state lifetime of perovskite and attenuate the recombination kinetics of separated charges, leading to an improvement of power conversion efficiency up to 22.5% for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) at the AM 1.5G conditions. Moreover, the PSC with PbI2 interlayer exhibits an enhanced thermostability, retaining 87% of initial efficiency after aging at 60 °C for 1000 h. 相似文献
19.
Shuyan Shao Yong Cui Herman Duim Xinkai Qiu Jingjin Dong Gert H. ten Brink Giuseppe Portale Ryan C. Chiechi Shaoqing Zhang Jianhui Hou Maria Antonietta Loi 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2018,30(35)
In this article it is investigated how the hole extraction layer (HEL) influence the charge recombination and performance in half tin and half lead (FASn0.5Pb0.5I3) based solar cells (HPSCs). FASn0.5Pb0.5I3 film grown on PEDOT:PSS displays a large number of pin‐holes and open grain boundaries, resulting in a high defect density and shunts in the perovskite film causing significant bulk and interfacial charge recombination in the HPSCs. By contrast, FASn0.5Pb0.5I3 films grown on PCP‐Na, an anionic conjugated polymer, show compact and pin‐hole free morphology over a large area, which effectively eliminates the shunts and trap states. Moreover, PCP‐Na is characterized by a higher work function, which determines a favorable energy alignment at the anode interface, enhancing the charge extraction. Consequently, both the interfacial and bulk charge recombination in devices using PCP‐Na HEL are considerably reduced giving rise to an overall improvement of all the device parameters. The HPSCs fabricated with this HEL display power conversion efficiency up to 16.27%, which is 40% higher than the efficiency of the control devices using PEDOT:PSS HEL (11.60%). Furthermore, PCP‐Na as HEL offers superior performance in larger area devices compared to PEDOT:PSS. 相似文献
20.
Lele Zang;Chunhu Zhao;Xiaobo Hu;Jiahua Tao;Shaoqiang Chen;Junhao Chu; 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2024,20(26):2400807
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) stand at the forefront of photovoltaic research, with current efficiencies surpassing 26.1%. This review critically examines the role of electron transport materials (ETMs) in enhancing the performance and longevity of PSCs. It presents an integrated overview of recent advancements in ETMs, like TiO2, ZnO, SnO2, fullerenes, non-fullerene polymers, and small molecules. Critical challenges are regulated grain structure, defect passivation techniques, energy level alignment, and interfacial engineering. Furthermore, the review highlights innovative materials that promise to redefine charge transport in PSCs. A detailed comparison of state-of-the-art ETMs elucidates their effectiveness in different perovskite systems. This review endeavors to inform the strategic enhancement and development of n-type electron transport layers (ETLs), delineating a pathway toward the realization of PSCs with superior efficiency and stability for potential commercial deployment. 相似文献