Oxidation and ablation resistance of ZrB2–SiC–Si/B-modified SiC coating for carbon/carbon composites

ZrB₂–SiC–Si/B-modified SiC coating was prepared on the surface of carbon/carbon (C/C) composites by two-step pack cementation. The coating could efficiently provide protection for C/C composites from oxidation and ablation. The improvement of oxidation resistance was attributed to the self-sealing property of the multilayer coating. A dense glassy oxide layer could afford the high temperature up to 2573 K and efficiently protect C/C composites from ablation.     

C/SiC/MoSi2–Si multilayer coatings for carbon/carbon composites for protection against oxidation

To improve the oxidation resistance of carbon/carbon (C/C) composites, a C/SiC/MoSi₂–Si multilayer oxidation protective coating was prepared by slurry and pack cementation. The microstructure of the as-prepared coating was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The isothermal oxidation and erosion resistance of the coating was investigated in electrical furnace and high temperature wind tunnel. The results showed that the multilayer coating could effectively protect C/C composites from oxidation in air for 300 h at 1773 K and 103 h at 1873 K, and the coated samples was fractured after erosion for 27 h at 1873 K h in wind tunnel. The weight loss of the coated specimens was considered to be caused by the formation of penetration cracks in the coating. The fracture of the coated C/C composites might result from the excessive local stress in the coating.     

Influence of SiC nanowires on the properties of SiC coating for C/C composites between room temperature and 1500 °C

To prevent carbon/carbon (C/C) composites from oxidation between room temperature and 1500 °C, a dense SiC nanowire-toughened SiC oxidation resistant coating was prepared by a two-step technique composed of chemical vapor deposition and pack cementation. SiC nanowires could effectively baffle the propagation of the microcracks and avoid the formation of the through-thickness microcracks in the original coating. The results indicated that, after introducing SiC nanowires, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the coating was decreased between 100 and 1500 °C, and the oxidation protective ability for the coated C/C composites was improved largely between room temperature and 1500 °C.     

SiC nanowire-toughened MoSi2-SiC coating to protect carbon/carbon composites against oxidation

To protect carbon/carbon (C/C) composites against oxidation, a SiC nanowire-toughened MoSi₂-SiC coating was prepared on them using a two-step technique of chemical vapor deposition and pack cementation. SiC nanowires obtained by chemical vapor deposition were distributed random-orientedly on C/C substrates and MoSi₂-SiC was filled in the holes of SiC nanowire layer to form a dense coating. After introduction of SiC nanowires, the size of the cracks in MoSi₂-SiC coating decreased from 18 ± 2.3 to 6 ± 1.7 μm, and the weight loss of the coated C/C samples decreased from 4.53% to 1.78% after oxidation in air at 1500 °C for 110 h.     

SiC/SiC–YAG–YSZ oxidation protective coatings for carbon/carbon composites

SiC/SiC–YAG–YSZ coatings were prepared by pack cementation, chemical vapor deposition and slurry painting on carbon/carbon (C/C) composites. The microstructures and oxidation behavior of coatings were investigated. The results show that the coatings displayed good oxidation and thermal shock resistance due to a dense glassy layer with silicates formed on the coating of SiC–YAG–YSZ. The weight gain rate of coated C/C composites was 1.77% after oxidation for 150 h at 1773 K. SiC in outer coating can promote the formation of oxygen diffusion barrier and lead to the optimum oxidation resistance for the coatings, compared with YSZ and YAG.     

Double SiC coating on carbon/carbon composites against oxidation by a two-step method

To improve the oxidation resistance of C/C composites, a double SiC protective coating was prepared by a two-step technique. Firstly, the inner SiC layer was prepared by a pack cementation technique, and then an outer uniform and compact SiC coating was obtained by low pressure chemical vapor deposition. The microstructures and phase compositions of the coatings were characterized by SEM, EDS and XRD analyses. Oxidation behaviour of the SiC coated C/C composites was also investigated. It was found that the double SiC coating could protect C/C composites against oxidation at 1773 K in air for 178 h with a mass loss of 1.25%. The coated samples also underwent thermal shocks between 1773 K and room temperature 16 times. The mass loss of the coated C/C composites was only 2.74%. Double SiC layer structures were uniform and dense, and can suppress the generation of thermal stresses, facilitating an excellent anti-oxidation coating.     

Influence of preparation temperature on the oxidation resistance and mechanical properties of C/SiC coated C/C composites

A C/SiC oxidation resistance coating was prepared on carbon/carbon (C/C) composites by slurry and pack cementation. The microstructure, oxidation resistance and mechanical properties of C/SiC coating prepared from 1773 to 2573 K were investigated. With the increase of the preparation temperature, the oxidation resistance of C/SiC coating increases, however, the flexure strength decreases gradually. The preparation of C/SiC coating on C/C composites results in the fracture behavior of C/C composites changing from pseudo-plastic to brittle failure model. The decrease of flexure strength is mainly attributed to the decrease of C/C matrix’ flexure strength at high temperature.     

A MoSi2-SiC-Si oxidation protective coating for carbon/carbon composites

To protect carbon/carbon (C/C) composites from oxidation, a dense coating has been produced by a two-step pack cementation technique. XRD and SEM analysis shows that the as-obtained coating was composed of MoSi₂, SiC and Si with a thickness of 80-100 μm. The MoSi₂-SiC-Si coating has excellent anti-oxidation property, which can protect C/C composites from oxidation at 1773 K in air for 200 h and the corresponding weight loss is only 1.04%. The weight loss of the coated C/C composites is primarily due to the reaction of C/C substrate and oxygen diffusing through the penetration cracks in the coating.     

表面硅化对C/C复合材料组织结构的影响

采用表面固相渗硅工艺在C/C复合材料表面制备SiC涂层 ,研究了制备工艺对涂层和C/C复合材料组织结构的影响。结果表明 :硅化反应时间对C/C复合材料的SiC涂层厚度影响不大 ;C/C复合材料组织中热解碳基体与碳纤维相比 ,更易与Si反应生成SiC ,说明碳纤维的稳定性高于热解碳 ,Si通过界面和材料缺陷扩散深入基体内部。     

C/SiC/Si-Mo-B/glass multilayer oxidation protective coating for carbon/carbon composites

To prevent carbon/carbon (C/C) composites from oxidation, a self-sealing multilayer oxidation resistant coating including a C/SiC gradient inner layer, a Si-Mo-B middle layer and a glass exterior layer was prepared by pack cementation and slurry method. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were used to analyze the microstructure and phase composition of the as-prepared coating. The isothermal and thermal shock oxidation resistance of the coating was also investigated. The results showed that the multilayer coating exhibited excellent oxidation resistance from room temperature to 1873 K. It could effectively protect C/C composites for 100 h at 1173 K and 150 h at 1873 K, and endure 40 thermal cycles between 1873 K and room temperature. The excellent oxidation and thermal shock resistance could be attributed to the gradient structure and the self-sealing property of the multilayer coating.     

Oxidation protection of C/C composites with in situ bamboo-shaped SiC nanowire-toughened Si–Cr coating

An in situ bamboo-shaped SiC nanowire-toughened Si–Cr coating was prepared on the carbon/carbon composites by pack cementation and heat treatment with ferrocene as the catalyst. The microstructures and oxidation behavior of the coating were investigated. Results showed that the coating had a dense microstructure, without the penetrating microcracks, which was primarily attributed to the unusual toughening effect of the bamboo-shaped nanowires resulting from the mechanical interlocking between the nodes and the matrix. The coating exhibited good oxidation protection ability at high temperature. The weight gain of the samples was 0.79% after isothermal oxidation at 1500 °C for 185 h.     

ZrB2-MoSi2/SiC涂层C/C复合材料的制备及氧化性能（英文）

为了提高C/C复合材料的抗氧化性,在C/C复合材料基体上制备了ZrB2-MoSi2/SiC涂层。采用包埋法制备SiC中间层,采用喷涂法制备ZrB2-MoSi2外涂层。用XRD和SEM分别分析、测试所制备涂层的物相组成和显微结构,研究涂层复合材料的高温抗氧化性能。结果表明:C/C复合材料的外涂层由ZrB2、MoSi2和SiC三相组成;在1273K和1773K下分别氧化30h和10h后ZrB2-MoSi2/SiC涂层试样的质量损失分别为5.3%和3.0%,涂层表面长有纳米SiC晶须。C/C复合材料ZrB2-MoSi2/SiC涂层具有自愈合特性和良好的高温抗氧化性能。     

Microstructure and oxidation of multi-layer MoSi2-CrSi2-Si coatings for SiC coated carbon/carbon composites

Multi-layer MoSi₂-CrSi₂-Si anti-oxidation coatings with different compositional ratios were prepared on the surface of SiC coated carbon/carbon (C/C) composites by a two-step pack cementation method. The microstructure and anti-oxidation performance of the coating were studied. The results show that the multi-layered coatings could protect the C/C composites from oxidation in air at 1773 K for 1000 h or 1873 K for 750 h, respectively. The anti-oxidation performance of the multi-layer MoSi₂-CrSi₂-Si coating is mainly attributed to their dense and microcrack-free structure, appropriate thermal expansion coefficient and the well dispersed MoSi₂ and CrSi₂ in the coating.     

Microstructure and anti-oxidation property of Si-W-Cr coating for SiC coated carbon-carbon composites

To protect carbon/carbon (C/C) composites from oxidation at high temperature, a Si-W-Cr coating was prepared on the surface of SiC coated C/C composites by a simple pack cementation technique. The microstructure and phase composition of the as-received multi-coating were examined by SEM, XRD and EDS. The coating obtained by first step pack cementation was porous α-SiC structure. New phases of WSi₂ and CrSi₂ together with α-SiC deposited on the porous SiC inner layer. Oxidation test shows that the weight loss of single SiC coated C/C is up to 8.21% after 9 h in air at 1773 K, while the weight loss of Si-W-Cr/SiC coated C/C composites is only 2.26% after 51 h. After thermal cycling between 1773 K and room temperature for 40 times, the weight loss is only 3.36%. The weight loss of coated C/C composites was primarily due to the reaction of C/C matrix and oxygen diffusing through the penetrable cracks in the coating.     

C/SiC/MoSi2–SiC–Si multilayer coating for oxidation protection of carbon/carbon composites

C/SiC/MoSi₂–SiC–Si oxidation protective multilayer coating for carbon/carbon (C/C) composites was prepared by pack cementation and slurry method. The microstructure, element distribution and phase composition of the as-received coating were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that the multilayer coating was composed of MoSi₂, SiC and Si. It could effectively protect C/C composites against oxidation for 200 h with the mass loss of 3.25% at 1873 K in static air. The mass loss of the coated C/C composites results from the volatilization of SiO₂ and the formation of cracks and bubble holes in the coating.     

The oxidation behavior and mechanical properties of MoSi2–CrSi2–SiC–Si coated carbon/carbon composites in high-temperature oxidizing atmosphere

A MoSi₂–CrSi₂–SiC–Si multi-component coating was prepared on the surface of carbon/carbon (C/C) composites by a two-step pack cementation method. The microstructure, oxidation behavior and mechanical properties of the coating were studied. These results show that the multi-component coating could protect the C/C composites from oxidation in air at 1873 K for 300 h and withstand 30 thermal cycles between 1873 K and room temperature, respectively. The mass loss and mechanical property loss of the coated C/C composites are considered due to the worse fluidity of SiO₂ at intermediate temperatures and the thermal mismatch between the coating and C/C composites.     

Anti-oxidation properties of ZrB2 modified silicon-based multilayer coating for carbon/carbon composites at high temperatures

To improve the anti-oxidation ability of silicon-based coating for carbon/carbon (C/C) composites at high temperatures, a ZrB₂ modified silicon-based multilayer oxidation protective coating was prepared by pack cementation. The phase composition, microstructure and oxidation resistance at 1773, 1873 and 1953 K in air were investigated. The prepared coating exhibits dense structure and good oxidation protective ability. Due to the formation of stable ZrSiO₄–SiO₂ compound, the coating can effectively protect C/C composites from oxidation at 1773 K for more than 550 h. The anti-oxidation performance decreases with the increase of oxidation temperature. The mass loss of coated sample is 2.44% after oxidation at 1953 K for 50 h, which is attributed to the decomposition of ZrSiO₄ and the volatilization of SiO₂ protection layer.     

SiC nanowire-toughened SiC-MoSi2-CrSi2 oxidation protective coating for carbon/carbon composites

To prevent carbon/carbon (C/C) composites from oxidation, a dense SiC nanowire-toughened SiC-MoSi₂-CrSi₂ multiphase coating was prepared by the two-step technique composed of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and pack cementation. The coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). SiC nanowires could decrease the dimension of cracks and improve the oxidation and thermal shock resistance of SiC-MoSi₂-CrSi₂ multiphase coating. Oxidation test shows that, after introducing SiC nanowires, the weight loss of the coated sample can be reduced from 1.06% to 0.64% after oxidation at 1773 K for 155 h and decreased from 6.92% to 3.42% after thermal cycling between 1773 K and room temperature for 30 times.     

B2O3 modified SiC–MoSi2 oxidation resistant coating for carbon/carbon composites by a two-step pack cementation

To protect carbon/carbon (C/C) composites against oxidation, a B₂O₃ modified SiC–MoSi₂ coating was prepared by a two-step pack cementation. The microstructure and the oxidation resistant property of the coating were studied. The results show that, the as-received coating is a dense structure, and is composed of α-SiC, β-SiC and MoSi₂. The B₂O₃ modified SiC–MoSi₂ coating has excellent oxidation resistant property, and can protect C/C composites from oxidation at 1773 K in air for more than 242 h. The failure of the coating was considered to arise from the existence of the penetration cracks in the coating during the slow cooling from 1873 to 673 K.     

Effect of Mo/Si Ratio on the Microstructure and Oxidation Resistance of Si-Mo Coating for C/C Composites

Oxidation protective Si-Mo coatings were prepared by pack cementation on the surface of C/SiC coated carbon/carbon composites. The influences of Mo/Si mass ratio in the pack powders on the microstructure and oxidation resistance of the coating were investigated. It showed that with the Mo/Si ratio increasing from 0.1 to 0.4, the MoSi2 proportion and the dimension of cracks in the coating increased, and the oxidation protective ability of the coated specimens firstly increased and then decreased. The coating...