N’-3-(二甲基)-丙基-(N-全氟丁基磺酰基-N-烷基磺酰基)-氧化胺的合成及表面性能

以全氟丁基磺酰氟与N,N’-二甲基-1,3-丙二胺为原料制备得到全氟丁基磺酰胺,然后分别与己基磺酰氯和辛基磺酰氯反应得到带烷基支链的全氟丁基磺酰胺,最后将两中间产物与过氧化氢氧化得N’-3-(二甲基)-丙基-(N-全氟丁基磺酰基-N-烷基磺酰基)-亚胺氧化物。通过MS和1H NMR等方法对产物进行了表征,表面张力等性能测试表明,产物具有较好的表面活性,可以作为全氟辛基磺酰胺类表面活性剂的替代品。     

N-丁基全氟辛基磺酰胺的合成工艺的研究

含氟表面活性剂是特种表面活性剂中的重要品种,而N-丁基全氟辛基磺酰胺是含氟表面活性剂中应用范围比较广泛的品种。采用全氟辛基磺酰氟与正丁胺为原料合成N-丁基全氟辛基磺酰胺,研究了溶剂、催化剂、反应物配比、反应温度和时间等条件对反应的影响,利用红外光谱对反应产物的结构进行了表征分析。结果表明,N-丁基全氟辛基磺酰胺的较佳合成工艺为：异丙醚为溶剂,三乙胺为催化剂,全氟辛基磺酰氟：正丁胺配比为1：1．1,反应温度为60℃,反应时间为3h,产品收率为86．75％,表面张力为16mN／m。     

广州市立尔科贸有限公司

广州市立尔科贸有限公司是一家集研发、生产、贸易为一体的综合性高新技术企业,主要从事电子化学品、表面活性剂和造纸助剂等的生产和经营。现已形成：（1）氟表面活性剂、（2）电子化学品、（3）涂料助剂、（4）造纸助剂、（5）化学复合镀、电镀等五个系列,几十种型号的产品。公司主要产品有：氟碳表面活性剂、全氟表面活性剂、含氟表面活性剂、氟化表面活性剂、全氟烷基磺酰化合物、全氟烷基季铵碘化物、全氟辛基磺酰季铵碘化物、全氟辛基磺酸钾、全氟辛基磺酰胺、全氟辛基磺酰氟、全氟辛基甜菜碱、全氟烷基磺酰胺、全氟烷基类化全物、全氟丁基磺酸钾、     

期刊文献

正一种枝杈型含氟季铵盐型阳离子表面活性剂的合成及其性能武宏科,沈海民,史鸿鑫摘要:以枝杈型含氟醚(4-全氟-[(1,3-二甲基-2-异丙基)-1-丁烯]氧基苯基醚)为原料,通过磺酰化、胺解和季铵化,得到枝杈型含氟季铵盐型阳离子表面活性剂[N-4-全氟-[(1,3-二甲基-2-异丙基)-1-丁烯]氧基苯磺酰胺基]乙     

南京大学研发出新型双子型氟碳表面活性剂

南京工业大学开发了一种新型双子型氟碳表面活性剂，已取得专利。该表面活性剂是以亲水性的单酯二氯丙烷为联接基团的新型亲水柔性间隔基的双子型氟碳表面活性剂。该表面活性剂通过全氟烷基磺酰氟与N，N-二甲基-1，2-乙二胺或N，N-二甲基-1，3-丙二胺反应得中间产物N-[（二甲氨基）-烷基）全氟烷基磺酰胺，然后与单酯二氯丙烷进行季铵化反应而得产品。该表面活性剂能极大降低溶液的表面张力，起泡力强，去污力优良且无异味，色泽佳，复配性能好，合成工艺简单。     

由六氟丙烯二聚体合成阳离子表面活性剂及其性能

以六氟丙烯二聚体和,N,N-二甲基丙二胺为主要原料,合成了N,N-二甲基N′-(2-三氟甲基-1-五氟乙基)全氟烯丙基丙二胺(Ⅰ),然后通过季铵化反应制得溴化[N,N-二甲基-N-乙基-N′-(2-三氟甲基-1-五氟乙基)全氟烯丙基氨丙基]铵(Ⅱ)阳离子表面活性剂。利用碱性溴酚蓝方法对季铵盐阳离子进行了定性测定,并通过红外光谱和19FNMR、1HNMR对其分子结构进行了表征。性能测试结果表明,该阳离子表面活性剂的表面张力为24．5 mN／m(20℃),其临界胶束浓度为2．04×10-3mol/L,克拉夫特点低于0℃,具有良好的水溶稳定性。     

含氟铵盐和季铵盐型阳离子表面活性剂的合成

以六氟丙烯三聚体和N,N-二甲基丙二胺为原料,合成了2-三氟甲基-3-七氟异丙基-2-全氟戊烯-4- (N,N-二甲胺丙基)亚胺(I),然后将其分别与盐酸和溴乙烷反应,制得含氟铵盐(Ⅱ)和季铵盐(Ⅲ)阳离子表面活性剂,通过红外光谱和核磁共振对分子结构进行了表征,其临界胶束浓度(CMC)为9．2×10-3mol／L,最低表面张力 19．0mN／m;(?)可适合任何条件,其CMC为8．05×10-3mol／L,最低表面张力为22．0mN／m。     

全氟丁基磺酰氟季胺盐的合成研究

含氟表面活性剂作为特种表面活性剂的一种,正凭借其高表面活性、优良的耐热性、稳定性以及憎水、憎油的特性,在工业生产中起到不可替代的作用.选择比较了几种常用的表面活性剂合成方法,并合成了全氟丁基磺酰氟季铵盐.     

m-n-m型Gemini季铵盐表面活性剂的合成及性能研究

以N,N-二甲基十四胺和1,8-二溴辛烷反应生成了14-8-14型Gemini季铵盐表面活性剂,通过单因素试验优化了反应条件,确定较佳合成条件为:N,N-二甲基胺的用量为5 mmol,N,N-二甲基胺与二溴烷烃的摩尔比为2.2:1,溶剂乙腈用量为10 mL,反应温度为80℃,反应时间为24 h,在此条件下合成了24种m-n-m型Gemini季铵盐表面活性剂,大部分反应的收率大于80%。采用吊环法对产物的表面张力进行了测定,分别研究了疏水烷基链、连接基对Gemini季铵盐表面活性剂表面活性的影响,研究发现,当连接基n相同时,随着疏水烷基链的增长(m10时),Gemini季铵盐表面活性剂的表面张力呈现先减小后增大的趋势,14-n-14型Gemini季铵盐表面活性剂呈现出最好的表面活性;当疏水烷基链m=14时,随着连接基n的增大,Gemini季铵盐表面活性剂的表面张力呈现先增大后减小的趋势。     

织物柔软剂的新进展

本文介绍了文献报道中为改进二烷基型季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂柔软剂性能所进行的研究工作。包括与阴离子表面活性剂复配，采用二种不同链长的二烷基季铵盐，与三烷基季铵盐组合，与三烷基季铵盐和阴离子表面活性剂复配，与两性表面活性剂、烷基醇酰胺、有机添加物、阳离子变性纤维素配伍等方法。     

N-烷基苯并咪唑阳离子表面活性剂的合成及性能

以苯并咪唑、不同链长的卤代烷烃、硫酸二甲酯为原料,合成了几种烷基苯并咪唑阳离子表面活性剂。通过IR1、HNMR对产物结构进行表征,测定了所得产物的表面活性和发泡性能,并计算出产物的饱和吸附量及饱和吸附面积。结果表明,合成的N-辛基、癸基、十二烷基、十四烷基苯并咪唑阳离子表面活性剂的最低表面张力随烷基链增长而降低,但N-十六烷基苯并咪唑阳离子表面活性剂的最低表面张力却高于十四烷基苯并咪唑阳离子表面活性剂;合成的表面活性剂中,十二烷基苯并咪唑阳离子表面活性剂的发泡性能较佳,但所有的表面活性剂的泡沫稳定性均较差。     

Syntheses and surface active properties of cationic surfactants having multi ammonium and hydroxyl groups

In this study, cationic surfactants having mono-, di-, and tri-amminium groups were synthesized by the condensation reaction of alkyl glycidyl ether and alkyl amine followed by the quarternization with dimethyl sulfate. The structure of the product was elucidated by ¹H NMR and FT-IR. The minimum surface tension achieved using C12-BHDM surfactant was around 28.88 mN/m, which suggests that C12-BHDM can be used to reduce the surface tension of primarily aqueous formulations and to act as emulsifiers. Dynamic surface tension measurement using a maximum bubble pressure tensiometer indicated that much longer time was required to reach an equilibrium value presumably due to the low mobility rate of a surfactant molecule with high molecular weight. The interfacial tensions measured between 1 wt.% surfactant solution and n-decane were found to be in the same order of magnitude as those exhibited between micellar solutions and nonpolar hydrocarbon oils. It has been observed that the results for foam stability measurement are consistent with those of CMC and contact angle. That is, the percentage of foam volume decrease has been observed to increase with an increase in number of ammonium and hydroxyl groups.     

Aquatic toxicity and biodegradability of advanced cationic surfactant APA-22 compatible with the aquatic environment

Cationic surfactant is a chemical substance used in hair conditioner, fabric softener and other household products. By investigating the relationship between the aquatic toxicity and the chemical structures of two types of mono alkyl cationic surfactants, alkyl trimethylammonium salts and alkyl dimethylamine salts, we have found that the C22 alkyl chain length is effective to reduce the toxicity. Besides, we have recognized that the amidopropyl functional group contributes to the enhanced biodegradability by investigating the biodegradation trend of (alkylamidopropyl)dimethylamine salt (alkyl chain length: C18). Based on these findings, we have developed mono alkyl cationic surfactant called APA-22, N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]docosanamide salt. APA-22 is formed by the C22 alkyl chain, amidopropyl functional group and di-methyltertiary amine group. We evaluated the aerobic and anaerobic biodegradability of APA-22 by two standard methods (OECD Test Guideline 301B and ECETOC technical document No.28) and found that this substance was degraded rapidly in both conditions. The toxicity to algae, invertebrate and fish of this substance are evaluated by using OECD Test Guideline 201, 202 and 203, respectively. All acute toxicity values are >1 mg/L, which indicates that environmental toxicity of this substance is relatively less toxic to aquatic organism. In addition, we estimated the biodegradation pathway of APA-22 and observed the complete disappearance of APA-22 and its intermediates during the test periods. Based on the environmental data provided above, we concluded that APA22 is more compatible with the aquatic environment compared to other cationic surfactants with mono long alkyl chain.     

Polymer‐Cationic Surfactant Interaction: 1. Surface and Physicochemical Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)‐S‐Alkyl Isothiouronium Bromide Surfactant Mixed Systems

Surface properties of polyvinyl alcohol (nonionic polymer) and three synthesized cationic surfactants, namely, S‐alkyl isothiouronium bromide at different mole fractions of 1:9, 3:7, 5:5, 7:3, and 9:1, were investigated. The values of the surface parameters were discussed according to the type of interaction between the cationic surfactant and type of polymer studied. The S‐alkyl isothiouronium bromide surfactant molecules are positively charged molecules, and the PVA chains contain hydroxyl groups that are partially negatively charged centers. The comparison between the surface properties of the individual cationic surfactants and their mixture with PVA polymer showed that the mixed systems have some advantages over the individual cationic surfactants.     

Synthesis and Evaluation of a New Cationic Surfactant for Oil-Well Drilling Fluid

A new additive cationic surfactant for drilling fluid was synthesized by alkylation of coal tar phenol with tetradecyl alcohol; then, the alkyl phenol reacts with formaldehyde and amine to produce the Mannich base product. This product was reacted with sodium chloroacetate to produce the cationic surfactant; the structure of the synthesized surfactant was confirmed by FTIR analysis, evaluation of the prepared surfactant by surface properties such as surface tension, emulsification power, and wetting power. The prepared cationic surfactant showed good results when utilized in the formulation of both oil-based mud and synthetic-based mud as the primary emulsifier.     

Effect of the adsorption of surfactants on the rheology of Na‐bentonite slurries

Characteristic rheologic properties, such as shear stress, viscosity, yield point of Na‐activated bentonite were studied after adding an anionic surfactant (linear alkyl benzene‐sulfonate, LABS) and a cationic surfactant (distearly dimethyl ammonium chloride, DDAC). The effect of the surfactants also have been investigated at different quantities. The results have been discussed considering the types of additives and their concentrations. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 75: 107–110, 2000     

磷系两性表面活性剂类离子液体作为水泥助磨剂的研究

首次以磷系表面活性剂制备出离子液体并研究其作为水泥助磨剂的性能.利用烷基三苯基溴化膦等四种阳离子表面活性剂与十二烷基苯磺酸钠阴离子表面活性剂(SDBS)反应制备出了四种离子液体型磷系两性表面活性剂.水泥助磨效果显示,单纯的阴、阳离子表面活性剂都没有明显助磨效果,但由磷系表面活性剂与SDBS反应制备的离子液体都表现出卓越的助磨效果.其中,甲、乙、丙、丁基四种磷系离子液体的80μm筛余量减小率都超过了80%,四种添加剂最佳掺量均为0.23%.从整体看,四种离子液体随烷基链长的增加其助磨效果有增大趋势.对同种化合物,球磨时间大于50 min时,45μm筛余量减小率增加,80μm筛余量减小率却变小.通过实验表明,其休止角均小于粉体工业上规定的最大值40°,这4种助磨剂降低了水泥标准稠度.由此可见,新制备出的四种离子液体都具有较优异的助磨性能.     

Foam separation of active carbon

An experimental investigation is presented of the foam separation of powdered active carbon, equilibriated with an aqueous, synthetic waste water containing phenol and a cationic (ethylhexadecyldimethylammonium bromide (EHDA-Br)), anionic (dodecyl sodium sulphate), or non-ionic (alkyl phenoxy polyethoxy ethanol) surfactant. The effect of surfactant, of pH, of initial carbon concentration, and of initial surfactant concentration on the flotation of carbon is investigated. At pH 3, 7, and 10, the cationic surfactant yields the best flotation of carbon, which increases with increasing pH. At pH 7, a suspension containing 800 mg/1 carbon can be reduced to 24 mg/1 in 10 min. with 0·37 mM EHDA-Br. The relative concentrations of carbon and of surfactant must be controlled carefully to yield sufficient free surfactant to obtain a foam but not excessive free surfactant to impair the foam separation process. Foam volumes are controlled by free (non-adsorbed) surfactant.     

Influence of ionic surfactants on the hydrogen peroxide bleaching of wool fabric

We have studied the influence of ionic surfactants on the bleaching of wool with hydrogen peroxide under acidic and alkaline conditions, comparing anionic sodium alkyl sulphates with eight, 12 and 16 carbon atoms and the cationic surfactant dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB). Addition of ionic surfactants to both acidic and alkaline bleaching baths improved the whiteness of wool, especially at above 0.01 mol/l. Anionic surfactants prevented fibre damage during bleaching of wool, whereas DTAB accelerated it. The fibre damage decreased with increasing concentration of alkyl sulphates and with increasing length of hydrocarbon chain.     

Adsorption, Desorption and Adsolubilization Properties of Mixed Anionic Extended Surfactants and a Cationic Surfactant

Anionic and cationic surfactant mixtures exhibit desirable synergism, but are limited by their tendency to form precipitates. This research evaluates the adsorption, adsolubilization and desorption of mixtures of carboxylate-based anionic extended surfactants and a pyridinium-based cationic surfactant. The mixture of cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), selected as the cationic surfactant, with four anionic extended surfactants were studied. The anionic surfactants studied were alkyl propoxylated ethoxylated carboxylate with average number of carbon chain length of 16 and 17 or 16 and 18 with 4?mol of propylene oxide groups and either 2 or 5?mol of ethylene oxide groups. The adsorption of anionic extended and cationic surfactant mixtures onto a negatively charged metal oxide surface (silica dioxide) was evaluated. The adsolubilization of phenylethanol, styrene and ethylcyclohexane were evaluated for these mixed surfactant systems. The desorption potential of individual and mixed surfactant systems was also evaluated by varying the number of washing (desorption) steps. It was found that the plateau adsorption of mixed anionic extended surfactant and cationic surfactant occurred at lower surfactant concentration than that of the CPC alone, although the maximum adsorption capacity of CPC was not enhanced in our mixed surfactant systems. Adsolubilization capacities of these mixed surfactant systems are higher than that of the individual surfactant system. For desorption studies, these mixed surfactant systems showed lower stability than the individual surfactant system.