Territoriality and safety in urban residential neighborhoods in Nigeria

The paper compares types and distribution of crime in residential areas with fences and street barricades to areas without and assesses the implications on the neighborhood safety and crime control. It explores the residents’ perception of crime and safety before and after the introduction of physical barriers. The results show that similar crimes occur in both areas, with the highest incidences recorded in the higher and medium-income areas. Location did not significantly influence crime incidence, location and street barricades together produced a significant influence on crime incidences (F = 17.853; Sig.?=?.00). Fences and street barricades have slight effect on crime incidences (R = .418; R² = .175). Retreating behind the walls provides opportunity for street crimes. Despite recording high incidences of crime, residents’ perception of safety improved after the introduction of street gates and barricades. The study concludes that alternatives to gates, fences, and street barricades are imperative.     

浅谈住宅设计中的生态环境

从城市居住环境应具有生态环境的观念出发,简要地指出了当前住宅设计中存在的问题,并对现代住宅小区绿化树种的选择和配置进行了介绍,着重说明了住宅设计必须具有生态环境意识,才能提高居住环境质量,才能与构建和谐社会的要求相一致。     

城市生态居住区规划及建设探究

简述了生态居住区的概念以及生态居住区的类型和基本特征,针对我国城市居住区建设存在的问题,提出了城市生态居住区建设应该遵循的原则,以期对城市生态居住区的建设有所裨益。     

城市居住区绿化的生态化建设初探

从绿色生态住宅建设的角度出发,对现代居住区如何进行绿化规划才能有效地实现植物的生态效益进行了分析探讨,并提出了相关的规划建设意见,以最大限度地发挥绿地的生态效益,促进城市居住区的生态化建设.     

城市居住区环境设计探析

通过对居住区环境设计概况进行分析,提出了住区环境建设中存在的不足,以合肥金色池塘住宅社区为例,论述了居住环境设计应以人为本,尊重自然,营造丰富活力的居住空间,从而提升城市的区域环境质量.     

城市居住区环境设计途径初探

对居住区环境设计的目标与原则及其特点进行了论述,探讨了如何营造实用性、生态性、人文性的居住区环境,以满足居住区的功能要求,达到人性化的设计目标,从而更好地为居住者服务。     

城镇住宅区户外环境设计初探

指出住宅区户外环境设计面临的新情况、新任务,分析了老年人、残疾人的体能及心态特征,从住宅区户外活动空间的设计,步行空间设计等方面探讨了如何进行户外环境设计,以期创建优美和谐的无障碍住区环境。     

谈城市住宅声环境污染与控制

论述了城市住宅噪声污染的主要原因,根据相关环境噪声标准,从居住区总体布局、设置隔声屏障、建筑围护部件隔声、吸声等方面,阐述了城市住宅噪声污染的控制措施,有利于为城市居民营造一个安静祥和的生活环境。     

试析如何营造具有归属感的生态居住区景观

结合居住区景观设计的现状,从利用基质条件、构建动线网络、创造多样性园林空间、建立雨水循环系统、塑造可识别景观五方面,阐述了居住区景观设计的优化措施,从而营造出具有归属感的居住区景观。     

自然生态资源分析及其在城市规划中的应用

随着城市化进程的加速 ,城市能源和生态环境的危机也在不断加剧 ,可持续发展已成为全世界城市发展的重要议题 .从生态学角度出发 ,描述了自然生态资源在城市规划中应用的意义 ,提出了自然生态资源的界定、选择 ;探讨了自然生态资源综合评价的方法 ,如 :城市生态敏感性分析、城市生态适宜性分析和环境承载能力分析等 ,及其在城市规划中的应用     

Impacts of urban environmental elements on residential housing prices in Guangzhou (China)

The amenity value provided by urban green spaces, water bodies and good environmental quality is difficult to assess and incorporate into urban planning and development. Developers and governments in China hitherto have seldom objectively factored these attributes into property pricing and associated decisions. The hedonic pricing method offers an appropriate approach to gauge such external benefits which contribute to real-estate transaction prices. This study explored the impacts of key environmental elements with a bearing on residential housing value in Guangzhou, including window orientation, green-space view, floor height, proximity to wooded areas and water bodies, and exposure to traffic noise. Four large private housing estates composed of multi-storied blocks with similar design and price bracket, catering to the mass property market, were sampled. Transaction price data and structural attributes of 652 dwelling units were acquired directly from developers. Data on environmental attributes were collected in the field. Two functional hedonic pricing method models, linear and semi-log, were constructed. The semi-log model offered comparatively stronger explanatory power and more reliable estimation. High floor on the multi-storey tenement blocks contributed implicitly 9.2% to the selling price. View of green spaces and proximity to water bodies raised housing price, contributing notably at 7.1% and 13.2%, respectively. Windows with a southern orientation with or without complementary eastern or northern views added 1% to the price. Proximity to nearby wooded area without public access was not significant, expressing the pragmatic mindset in the hedonic behavior. Exposure to traffic noise did not influence willingness-to-pay, implying tolerance of the chronic environmental nuisance in the compact city. The study demonstrates that hedonic pricing method could be applied in the Chinese context with an increasingly expanding and privatized property market. It could inform the decisions of policy makers and property developers concerning land selling and buying, land conversion, property development, urban nature conservation, and design of ecological green-space networks.     

Some significant environmental issues in high-rise residential building design in urban areas

Almost in all the major cities in Asian countries, residential buildings are characterized with high-rise and high density. Under this circumstance, achieving comfortable and healthy indoor environment with minimized energy consumption becomes a very challenging engineering and societal issue. While the wide use of air-conditioning helped to improve thermal comfort, health problems associated with poor indoor air qualities have appeared more frequently. The increased energy consumption is also a great concern in view of its impact on the energy economics of the region. Drawn from some of the onsite measurements and survey, and also the author’s personal observation, some of the key issues are discussed in this paper.     

The role of awareness space in urban residential preferences: A case study of Venezuelan youth

Empirical studies of inter-urban and interregional migration have most often assumed that objective place or personal characteristics affect the migration decision directly. Such studies tend to disregard the roles of awareness of opportunities at potential destinations, and of the preferences for these destinations which are a function of this awareness. In this study, the presence of six different types of direct and indirect contact with three potential destinations (large cities in Venezuela) is shown to be related to a potential migrant's preferences for these destinations. These results- -based on a sample of 260 high school seniors at six different sites in Venezuela in 1974--underline the importance ofawareness space and ofurban residential preferences as intervening variables in the migration process in a developing country.     

Neighborhood design and sense of community: Comparing suburban neighborhoods in Houston Texas

This paper examines the impact of neighborhood design on sense of community. The United States continues to grow and the urban infrastructure ages, creating pressure for new neighborhoods with a meaningful sense of community. This research seeks to better understand the relationship between the neighborhood design and the sense of community by comparing four suburban neighborhoods in the metropolitan Houston area. Each of these neighborhoods was developed in 1998 or 1999 near Houston, Texas; each is comprised about 100 single-family homes valued at between $150,000 and $260,000. Two of the neighborhoods share design-features to connect residents to the environment and each other, while the other two are typical suburban neighborhoods. Analysis of 210 mail-back surveys of residents in these four neighborhoods indicate that the designed neighborhoods have a greater sense of community than typical suburban neighborhoods; however, the mechanisms that impact sense of community reported in the literature were mot significantly influenced by neighborhood design.     

Impact of spatially separated work places on urban residential location,consumption and time allocation

This paper analyses the impact of informatics development on the urban residential-location, consumption and working-hour-allocation behaviour of the coming information-oriented society. The analysis focuses on the repercussions through the interaction of the land and labour markets. The labour market is spatially separated into the home work market in the city suburbs and the office work market in the CBD. But, these work places are tightly connected with each other by highly developed communication technology. The time-allocation as well as money-expenditure constraint is systematically built up on a traditional residential location model of the von Thunen-Alonso type. The wage rates and the bid rent function for the land are both solutions of the equilibrium model of land and labour markets. The impacts are examined using the comparative statics analyses which have been developed for the economic-agent equilibrium conditions of the firm and household.     

城市居住区位的选择与住宅郊区化

从分析影响城市居住用地区位的因素入手,进而探讨了城市居住用地的郊区化现象以及目前存在的问题,并提出对策,为居住用地的开发建设提供了参考。     

有关住宅小区中水回用的探讨

通过对城镇住宅小区中水回用的调查分析研究,探索出中水回用作为一种新的节水方式应用于住宅小区的新途径,指出设立中水系统供应城市杂用水可缓解城市生活供水紧张,对于缺水城市而言,污水资源化有着特殊意义,从根本上改变了居民小区的用水排水方式。     

居住区生态建筑设计探析

简要归纳了现代居住区生态建筑的一些组成特征和设计要点,明确指出在我国的居住区建设中发展生态住宅和园林建筑,要结合地域、气候、能源、经济等具体条件,遵循生态原理和适当的生态技术来合理设计,最终实现健康、舒适的人居环境.     

以上海市为例谈城市居住空间分异

介绍了上海居住空间的分异表象,探讨了在上海现行住宅政策的基础上引入的HUD模式,分析了美国不同收入阶层混合居住邻里的经验,并根据经验阐明了其在上海实施该模式的可行性.     

绿色生态住宅小区的景观设计探讨

从分析目前＂生态小区＂景观设计原则,人类生态的居住观入手,给小区景观设计注入了新的内容,同时也向景观绿化设计提出了更高的要求。着重探讨了住宅小区绿色景观环境设计的原则和重点,以达到改善城市生态质量和人居环境的目的。