Smart Cutting Tools and Smart Machining: Development Approaches,and Their Implementation and Application Perspectives

Smart machining has tremendous potential and is becoming one of new generation high value precision manufacturing technologies in line with the advance of Industry 4.0 concepts. This paper presents some innovative design concepts and, in particular, the development of four types of smart cutting tools, including a force-based smart cutting tool, a temperature-based internally-cooled cutting tool, a fast tool servo (FTS) and smart collets for ultraprecision and micro manufacturing purposes. Implementation and application perspectives of these smart cutting tools are explored and discussed particularly for smart machining against a number of industrial application requirements. They are contamination-free machining, machining of tool-wear-prone Si-based infra-red devices and medical applications, high speed micro milling and micro drilling, etc. Furthermore, implementation techniques are presented focusing on: (a) plug-and-produce design principle and the associated smart control algorithms, (b) piezoelectric film and surface acoustic wave transducers to measure cutting forces in process, (c) critical cutting temperature control in real-time machining, (d) in-process calibration through machining trials, (e) FE-based design and analysis of smart cutting tools, and (f) application exemplars on adaptive smart machining.     

Machine health management in smart factory: A review

In this paper, we present a review of machine health managements for the smart factory. As the Industry 4.0 leads current factory automation and intelligent machines, the machine health management for diagnostic and prognostic purposes are essential, and their importance is getting more significant for the realization of the smart factory in the Industry 4.0. After brief introductions to important concepts and definitions composing smart factory and Industry 4.0, the developments in maintenance strategies towards Prognostics and health management (PHM) of machines are summarized. The review of machine health managements is followed, classifying the references by the monitoring components, types of measurements, as well as PHM tools and algorithms. 94 existing articles are reviewed and summarized in this regard. The implementations of machine health managements within the smart factory are discussed in terms of data connectivity, communications, Cyber-physical system (CPS) and virtual factory, relating them to Internet of things (IoT), cloud computing, and big data management.     

Industrial Internet-enabled Resilient Manufacturing Strategy in the Wake of COVID-19 Pandemic:A Conceptual Framework and Implementations in China

COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the re-shaping of globalized manufacturing industry.Achieving a high level of resilience is thereby a recognized,essential ability of future manufacturing systems with the advances in smart manufacturing and Industry 4.0.In this work,a conceptual framework for resilient manufacturing strategy enabled by Industrial Internet is proposed.It is elaborated as a four-phase,closed-loop process that centered on proactive industry assessment.Key enabling technologies for the proposed framework are outlined in data acquisition and management,big data analysis,intelligent services,and others.Industrial Internet-enabled implementations in China in response to COVID-19 have then been reviewed and discussed from 3Rs'perspective,i.e.manufacturer capacity Recovery,supply chain Resilience and emergency Response.It is suggested that an industry-specific and comprehen-sive selection coordinated with the guiding policy and supporting regulations should be performed at the national,at least regional level.     

基于智能物件的制造企业信息系统研究

为自动、实时、准确、详细地获取企业物理环境的信息,提出了基于智能物件的实时企业的观点.给出了智能物件技术在制造企业中的应用场景,它不仅能够为企业已有的信息系统提供新的数据源,而且能够在一定程度上改进企业的业务流程.给出并详细描述了系统层次结构及需要研究的重点内容.指出基于事件的中间件是系统集成的关键,提出该中间件的体系结构并详细描述其功能,分析了应用中存在的问题.应用案例证明,该方案是切实有效的.     

[工程应用]智能制造场景的5G应用展望

为满足智能制造领域物联网当前发展的需求,研究了相应制造场景的5G应用技术。介绍了5G的关键技术,包括5G支持的应用场景、网络切片、网络功能虚拟化（NFV）/软件定义网络（SDN）、多接入边缘计算、设备对设备通信技术等;给出了基于扩展的信息物理系统5层框架,基于该框架分析了多个智能制造场景的5G应用（包括人机界面和生产信息技术、流程自动化、工厂自动化、物流和仓储、设备监控和维护等）;给出了以上应用的5G边缘计算开发框架,以集成上述场景;探讨了5G应用于智能制造场景所面临的多个挑战,以助于5G使能智能制造的落地应用。     

自主智能制造:社会—信息—物理交互、参考体系架构与运作机制

走向自主是智能制造未来发展的必然趋势,但并不意味着将人排除在制造系统之外,自主制造仍需要以人为中心进行设计。从系统科学的角度出发,在分析物理回路中人机交互和工业4.0自主性的基础上,探讨社会—信息—物理交互的自主智能制造系统的基本构成、元素交互和参考体系架构以及人在其中的角色,进而将人在回路里、回路上和回路外理念分别置于智慧制造的物理空间、信息空间和社会空间,形成三位一体的自主社会信息物理生产系统,最后以混合人工智能方法驱动的按订单生产作业调度问题为例对其运作机制加以展示说明。     

Challenges and Requirements for the Application of Industry 4.0: A Special Insight with the Usage of Cyber-Physical System

Considered as a top priority of industrial development, Industry 4.0 (or Industrie 4.0 as the German version) has being highlighted as the pursuit of both academy and practice in companies. In this paper, based on the review of state of art and also the state of practice in different countries, shortcomings have been revealed as the lacking of applicable framework for the implementation of Industrie 4.0. Therefore, in order to shed some light on the knowledge of the details, a reference architecture is developed, where four perspectives namely manufacturing process, devices, software and engineering have been highlighted. Moreover, with a view on the importance of Cyber-Physical systems, the structure of Cyber-Physical System are established for the in-depth analysis. Further cases with the usage of Cyber-Physical System are also arranged, which attempts to provide some implications to match the theoretical findings together with the experience of companies. In general, results of this paper could be useful for the extending on the theoretical understanding of Industrie 4.0. Additionally, applied framework and prototypes based on the usage of Cyber-Physical Systems are also potential to help companies to design the layout of sensor nets, to achieve coordination and controlling of smart machines, to realize synchronous production with systematic structure, and to extend the usage of information and communication technologies to the maintenance scheduling.     

Prediction-based manufacturing center self-adaptive demand side energy optimization in cyber physical systems

Cyber physical systems（CPS） recently emerge as a new technology which can provide promising approaches to demand side management（DSM）, an important capability in industrial power systems. Meanwhile, the manufacturing center is a typical industrial power subsystem with dozens of high energy consumption devices which have complex physical dynamics. DSM, integrated with CPS, is an effective methodology for solving energy optimization problems in manufacturing center. This paper presents a prediction-based manufacturing center self-adaptive energy optimization method for demand side management in cyber physical systems. To gain prior knowledge of DSM operating results, a sparse Bayesian learning based componential forecasting method is introduced to predict 24-hour electric load levels for specific industrial areas in China. From this data, a pricing strategy is designed based on short-term load forecasting results. To minimize total energy costs while guaranteeing manufacturing center service quality, an adaptive demand side energy optimization algorithm is presented. The proposed scheme is tested in a machining center energy optimization experiment. An AMI sensing system is then used to measure the demand side energy consumption of the manufacturing center. Based on the data collected from the sensing system, the load prediction-based energy optimization scheme is implemented. By employing both the PSO and the CPSO method, the problem of DSM in the manufac~ring center is solved. The results of the experiment show the self-adaptive CPSO energy optimization method enhances optimization by 5% compared with the traditional PSO optimization method.     

Hybrid modeling for smart roller leveling in precision magnetic scale manufacturing

Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology - In smart manufacturing, machines are interconnected through cyber physical system (CPS) to achieve efficient manufacturing production. Manufacturing...     

智能制造关键使能技术发展及应用

信息通信技术对传统制造企业产生深远影响,催生智能制造生态系统范式。企业向智能制造范式转型,可从生命周期及价值链、制造层次结构和物理系统功能等三维度部署和实施。智能制造关键使能技术一般涵盖工业物联网、云计算、大数据、计算机仿真、增强现实、增材制造、水平和垂直系统集成、自主机器人和网络安全等九大技术。文章对上述关键使能技术进行梳理与综述,并分析其在智能制造领域应用的最新进展。     

Special issue on future digital design and manufacturing: Embracing industry 4.0 and beyond

Industry 4.0 as referred to the fourth industrial revolution has endorsed in several national manufacturing initiatives or development plans such as in Germany,the UK,USA and China.A set of important pervasive and secondary technologies for future manufacturing activities have been identified such as additive manufacturing,sensor technology,big data analytics,Internet of things,robotics,smart manufacturing,cloud computing,and nanotechnology.These exponentially growing technologies are radically changing industrial processes,accelerating them and making them more flexible and smarter.The interplay among "Internet of Things,services,data and people" will transform the future of manufacturing.     

Development of Digital Machine-Building Production in the Industry 4.0 Concept

This article is devoted to the problems of development and implementation of digital production technologies at industrial enterprises. The structure of the technological processes and principal approaches to automation of production enterprises with various technological processes is considered. An analysis of the conditions of the change in the enterprises to multiproduct small-scale manufacturing is carried out. The problems of changing modern production enterprises to the Industry 4.0 concept are specified. The urgent problems are stated, solving of which is required to develop digital machine-building production in the Industry 4.0 concept. A definition of the digital production is proposed.     

Engineering the smart factory

The fourth industrial revolution promises to create what has been called the smart factory. The vision is that within such modular structured smart factories, cyber-physical systems monitor physical processes, create a virtual copy of the physical world and make decentralised decisions. This paper provides a view of this initiative from an automation systems perspective. In this context it considers how future automation systems might be effectively configured and supported through their lifecycles and how integration, application modelling, visualisation and reuse of such systems might be best achieved. The paper briefly describes limitations in current engineering methods, and new emerging approaches including the cyber physical systems (CPS) engineering tools being developed by the automation systems group (ASG) at Warwick Manufacturing Group, University of Warwick, UK.     

Reconfigurable manufacturing systems: Principles,design, and future trends

Reconfigurable manufacturing systems (RMSs), which possess the advantages of both dedicated serial lines and flexible manufacturing systems, were introduced in the mid-1990s to address the challenges initiated by globalization. The principal goal of an RMS is to enhance the responsiveness of manufacturing systems to unforeseen changes in product demand. RMSs are costeffective because they boost productivity, and increase the lifetime of the manufacturing system. Because of the many streams in which a product may be produced on an RMS, maintaining product precision in an RMS is a challenge. But the experience with RMS in the last 20 years indicates that product quality can be definitely maintained by inserting in-line inspection stations. In this paper, we formulate the design and operational principles for RMSs, and provide a state-of-the-art review of the design and operations methodologies of RMSs according to these principles. Finally, we propose future research directions, and deliberate on how recent intelligent manufacturing technologies may advance the design and operations of RMSs.     

以信息网络为核心的行业型企业联盟

】Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ 技术的发展，促进了企业的各种联盟。本文通过对各种企业联盟的分析研究，提出要对基于行业的企业联盟方式进行研究。并以信息技术为基础，对行业型企业联盟的现代化改造，开展信息建模研究以及行业型企业联盟的关键技术－ － 行业信息网络的实现方法的研究     

面向产品与制造业创新的e—智能策略

在21世纪,基于互联网的e－智能维护是企业能否在6－σ产品的售后服务和制造业的生产率方面取得全球领先地位的关键技术,就怎样利用这种技术对产品设计和制造系统的创新进行了讨论。介绍了工业中产品与制造系统创新的发展趋势,并展望了其应用前景。介绍了未来对产品设计、制造与售后服务策略的需求和共同关心的焦点问题。讨论了面向产品预测的电智能的设计及基在将6－σ产品的服务自动化转化为商务自动化优势方面将产生的影响。     

Product-service system (PSS) complexity metrics within mass customization and Industry 4.0 environment

The design and evaluation of product-service systems (PSS) constitutes a challenging problem due to its multidimensionality. This challenge becomes bigger when the PSS customization is required within the new manufacturing paradigm of Industry 4.0. Nevertheless, limited literature work is observed regarding the customization of PSS and the PSS investigation within the Industry 4.0. Towards bridging these gaps, the present research work proposes a methodology for the quantification of PSS customization complexity, considering Industry 4.0 aspects. The proposed metrics are applied in a real industrial case study from a large laser machining industry, aiming to evaluate the different PSS alternatives in terms of complexity. It is demonstrated that the proposed approach can support the strategic level decision-making of a company, by quantifying the complexity and producing additional meaningful information towards the selection of the product and services that could be designed and offered to the customers.     

快速制造与虚拟制造

介绍对制造业带来革命性变化的快速制造技术与（系统）及虚拟制造技术与（系统）。在分清两者的区虽与联系的基础上,阐述这两大技术与系统的基本框架及其相关的支撑技术。介绍华中理工大学对这两大技术的研究布局。     

自适应制造资源动态服务组合与优化框架

针对制造资源服务组合面临的不确定性因素干扰和服务质量保障的特殊需求,面向制造领域引入了CPS使能技术及其理念,构建了面向制造的信息物理融合系统(CPS)体系架构;在此架构下,建立了制造资源的感知模型和认知模型,以把握制造资源的即时服务能力;基于对制造资源的即时服务能力的动态把握,建立了具有自适应能力的制造资源动态服务组合滚动优化框架。最后,利用面向制造的CPS原型系统验证了该框架的可用性。     

面向智能制造的工业工程和精益管理

回顾了工业工程作为独立的一门工程学科诞生100多年来美日德等工业发达国家的发展路线,探讨了企业管理创新的规律性特征,得到智能制造同样需要工业工程/精益管理(IE/LM)提供管理支持的结论。按照智能制造项目周期,从基础准备、方案选择、融合发展等角度深入剖析了IE/LM在智能制造工程中的作用方式,给出了面向我国企业智能化转型的智能精益管理体系架构,结合案例阐释了智能精益融合的改善思路与方法。最后,结合我国的现实需求给出了面向中国企业转型升级的智能制造管理的关键技术。