磷酸钠在NaCl溶液中对AZ31镁合金的缓蚀作用

采用电化学阻抗法、动电位极化曲线法、全浸泡失重法和扫描电镜,研究了在3.5%(质量分数)Na Cl溶液中磷酸钠(Na3PO4)对AZ31镁合金腐蚀的抑制作用。结果表明:Na3PO4对3.5%Na Cl溶液中的AZ31镁合金具有缓蚀作用,其缓蚀率随着Na3PO4含量增大逐渐提高,当Na3PO4质量浓度为1.0 g/L时,缓蚀率达到81.5%。结合扫描电镜分析表明,Na3PO4在镁合金表面形成含有Mg(OH)2和Mg3(PO4)2的保护层,这层致密的膜减少了基体与Cl-接触,抑制了镁合金的阳极反应。     

AZ31镁合金沉积类金刚石薄膜的表面形貌和腐蚀行为

为了改善镁合金的耐蚀性,扩展其应用范围,采用等离子全方位离子镀膜技术在AZ31镁合金表面沉积了含有Si-N和Si-O的2种类金刚石(Diamond-like carbon,DLC)薄膜,研究了其表面形貌及其在3.5%NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为,探究了DLC薄膜对AZ31镁合金腐蚀行为的影响。利用SEM和AFM观察了AZ31镁合金表面沉积DLC薄膜的表面形貌,采用电化学法测试表面沉积DLC薄膜的AZ31镁合金在3.5%NaCl溶液中的极化曲线和开路电位,通过拉伸试验测试其在空气和3.5%NaCl溶液中的应力应变。结果表明:镁合金试样表面的DLC薄膜光滑致密,在3.5%NaCl溶液中表面沉积DLC薄膜AZ31镁合金的极化行为与表面未沉积DLC薄膜AZ31镁合金相似,表面沉积DLC薄膜AZ31镁合金电位正向移动,耐蚀性提高;与表面未沉积DLC薄膜AZ31镁合金相比,在空气中,表面沉积DLC薄膜AZ31镁合金极限抗拉强度与其接近,延伸率略低;在3.5%NaCl溶液中,表面沉积DLC薄膜AZ31镁合金极限抗拉强度略有降低,延伸率略高。     

镁合金AZ31B在不同pH值NaCl溶液中的应力腐蚀行为研究

通过慢拉伸应力腐蚀试验机、电化学工作站和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等手段,研究挤压态镁合金AZ31B在pH=2、7和12的NaCl溶液中的应力腐蚀行为。结果表明,随pH值增大,AZ31B静态腐蚀速率和应力腐蚀敏感性均降低,这是由于碱性溶液更有利于Mg(OH)2表面保护膜的形成。应力腐蚀试验中点蚀形成主要裂纹源,拉伸断口分析表明应力腐蚀具有多裂纹源特征,应力加速腐蚀进程,断裂方式属于穿晶解理断裂。     

镁合金在汽车发动机冷却液中的耐蚀性

在浓度为50％和85％的乙二醇自制冷却液及商用冷却液中对镁及镁合金和纯铝进行了全浸腐蚀测试。结果表明：纯铝比纯镁更耐蚀;在同一浓度的冷却液中,AZ91D的腐蚀率小于AZ31的腐蚀率,而随着乙二醇浓度的提高,镁合金的腐蚀率下降。     

AZ31镁合金在人工血浆中的动态降解行为

通过AZ31镁合金在人工血浆中的浸泡实验和动/静态降解析氢实验,研究了AZ31镁合金的动态降解行为。人工血浆溶液的循环更新对镁合金的降解具有一定的影响,溶液的更新可以保持其pH值的稳定,促进镁合金的降解;在动/静态降解析氢实验中,对镁合金表面降解形貌的扫描电镜(SEM)观测表明,镁合金在动态实验中除了点腐蚀行为外,还存在冲刷腐蚀。由析氢速率对比结果显示,镁合金在人工血浆中动态实验比静态实验的降解速率更快。     

镁及镁合金在NaCl水溶液中的腐蚀行为

研究了纯Mg、AZ31和AZ91D镁合金在pH=12,浓度为5%的NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为,从腐蚀形貌和腐蚀速率等方面对其进行了定性和定量描述,并对其腐蚀杌理进行了探讨.随着腐蚀时间的延长,纯Mg,AZ31和AZ91D镁合金的腐蚀速率呈现出先急剧减小再缓慢降低,最后达到一个稳定值的趋势.同时,随着合金中Al含量的提高,镁合金腐蚀速率降低,因此AZ91D镁合金表现出比AZ31镁合金更好的耐腐蚀性能.     

AZ91D镁合金在含Cl-溶液中腐蚀机理的研究

探讨了溶液中的Cl-离子、合金的成分及微观组织结构、氧化膜的结构对AZ91D镁合金腐蚀的影响。从腐蚀速率、腐蚀形貌、腐蚀类型及表面膜的状态等几个方面对AZ91D镁合金的腐蚀行为进行了定量和定性的描述。表面膜的疏松多孔,溶液中的活性阴离子是造成AZ91D镁合金腐蚀的动力学因素,由于Cl-（高解离度,高吸附性,高导电性,表观尺寸小）的特殊作用,合金表面所发生的是有选择的点蚀,最后呈蜂窝状;随着Cl-浓度的增加,腐蚀速率也随之增大。     

Comparison of corrosion behaviors of AZ31, AZ91, AM60 and ZK60 magnesium alloys

The corrosion behaviours of four kinds of rolled magnesium alloys of AZ31, AZ91, AM60 and ZK60 were studied in 1 mol/L sodium chloride solution. The results of EIS and potentiodynamic polarization show that the corrosion resistance of the four materials is ranked as ZK60＞AM60＞AZ31＞AZ91. The corrosion processes of the four magnesium alloys were also analyzed by SEM and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS). The results show that the corrosion patterns of the four alloys are localized corrosion and the galvanic couples formed by the second phase particles and the matrix are the main source of the localized corrosion of magnesium alloys. The corrosion resistance of the different magnesium alloys has direct relationship with the concentration of alloying elements and microstructure of magnesium alloys. The ratio of the β phase in AZ91 is higher than that in AZ31 and the β phase can form micro-galvanic cell with the alloy matrix, as a result, the corrosion resistance of AZ31 will be higher than AZ91. The manganese element in AM60 magnesium alloy can form the second phase particle of AlMnFe, which can reduce the Fe content in magnesium alloy matrix, purifying the microstructure of alloy, as a result, the corrosion resistance of AM60 is improved. However, due to the more noble galvanic couples of AlMnFe and matrix, the microscopic corrosion morphology of AM60 is more localized. The zirconium element in ZK60 magnesium alloy can refine grain, form stable compounds with Fe and Si, and purify the composition of alloy, which results in the good corrosion resistance of ZK60 magnesium alloy.     

Electrochemical Performance of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy under Different Processing Conditions

为选择一种高性价比的镁电池阳极材料,借助电化学工作站、光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线能谱分析(EDS)对不同加工状态的AZ31B镁合金电化学性能进行研究。分别将挤压、轧制、铸轧和铸态AZ31B镁合金作为阳极材料,测试其电化学性能。结果表明,在4种加工状态下,挤压态镁合金是性价比最高的一种阳极材料;其组织由均匀细小的晶粒和第二相组成,拥有最负的平衡电位,最低腐蚀电流密度和最小自腐蚀速率;挤压态样品腐蚀后,表面产生疏松细小,且均匀分布的腐蚀产物,降低了阳极极化,增加了阳极利用率。轧制和铸轧态的AZ31B镁合金的电化学活性和耐蚀性能相对挤压态的较低。铸态AZ31B镁合金由于较粗大的晶粒、第二相和铸造缺陷,表现出不稳定的放电曲线和较正的放电电位。不同状态AZ31镁合金的腐蚀均以点蚀为主。     

Mg-3Zn-0.5Zr合金在含有不同离子的模拟生理环境中的降解机理

采用电化学测试（极化曲线,开路电位,电化学阻抗谱）研究了Mg-3Zn-0.5Zr合金在四中侵蚀性离子（cl-,HPO42-,HCO3-和SO42-）相互作用下的降解行为。我们发现cl-会导致合金发生多孔状点蚀,腐蚀坑在表面扩展并加深。HPO42-能降低合金降解速率抑制点蚀。Mg-3Zn-0.5Zr合金在含有HCO3-离子的溶液中腐蚀行为是早期HCO3-离子大大加快了镁合金的腐蚀降解速率,但由于能够在剧烈腐蚀部位诱导钝化,对合金点蚀的扩展具有抑制作用。SO42-离子也能腐蚀合金,但在生理环境中浓度低,所以SO42-离子对合金腐蚀降解的行为加速不明显。这些结果加深了我们对Mg-3Zn-0.5Zr合金在生理环境中降解机理的认识。     

Effect of Gd on microstructure and stress corrosion cracking of the AZ91-extruded magnesium alloy

AZ91 and AZ91–xGd (x = 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 wt%) magnesium alloys are extruded into plates. The addition of Gd promotes the formation of Al₂Gd, effectively reducing the volume fraction of the β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂ phase and making the banded structures of the extruded magnesium alloys thinner. The corrosion weight loss tests and electrochemistry analyses demonstrate that Gd significantly improves the pitting resistance of the AZ91 in 3.5-wt% NaCl solution saturated with Mg(OH)₂. Slow strain rate tensile tests show that in a corrosive environment, compared with AZ91, the elongation to failure of the AZ91–1.0Gd alloy is increased by 47%, and the alloy exhibits excellent stress corrosion resistance in this study. The fracture mode of AZ91 is changed from typical intergranular fracture to a mixture of transgranular and intergranular fracture in the corrosion solution by adding Gd. The mechanism of Gd to improve the stress corrosion resistance of the AZ91 magnesium alloy is that Gd increases the corrosion resistance, especially the pitting of AZ91.     

镁合金表面等离子喷涂Al2O3-TiO2陶瓷涂层的耐腐蚀性研究

采用等离子喷涂技术在AZ31镁合金表面制备Al2O3-13％TiO2陶瓷复合涂层,对涂层的微观组织进行了观察分析,测试了涂层的表面硬度.通过极化曲线和浸泡腐蚀试验,对比研究了镁合金基材及喷涂陶瓷涂层的试样在5％ NaCl溶液中的耐腐蚀性能.结果表明:涂层镁合金试样的硬度和耐腐蚀性优于基体镁合金,但当腐蚀液透过涂层孔隙时...     

AZ61A镁合金搅拌摩擦焊接头在NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为(英文)

对6mm厚的挤压态AZ61A镁合金板进行搅拌摩擦对接焊。采用浸泡试验研究焊接接头在NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为,建立了一个经验公式来预测在不同的溶液pH值、浸泡时间和氯离子浓度下的接头腐蚀速率。该经验公式的可信度水平为95%。采用3因素、5水平的中央复合旋转设计方法来减少实验工作量。采用响应面方法来构建方程。结果表明,在碱性溶液中AZ61A镁合金接头的腐蚀速率要比其在酸性或中性溶液中的低,而且腐蚀速率随着氯离子浓度的降低和浸泡时间的延长而减少。β相的分布对其腐蚀形貌有重要影响。     

Corrosion and self‐healing behaviour of AZ91D magnesium alloy in ethylene glycol/water solutions

Corrosion behaviour of magnesium alloy‐based engine parts in cooling system is an urgent fundamental issue in automotive field where magnesium alloys are increasingly used. In the present work, the corrosion behaviour of AZ91D magnesium alloys in various ethylene glycol/water solutions was studied by electrochemical measurements and immersion tests at room temperature. The surfaces of the samples after immersion tests were examined using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that the corrosion rates of AZ91D magnesium alloys decreased with the increase of ethylene glycol concentration in ethylene glycol/water solutions and the corrosion process was dominated by pitting corrosion. A continuous protective film transferred from corrosion products was formed on the corroded surface after sufficient immersion duration in ethylene glycol/water solutions, which is able to heal the corrosion pits. The self‐healing behaviour inhibited the further corrosion of AZ91D magnesium alloy.     

镁合金在碳酸饮料中的降解与人体补镁初探

提出了通过镁产品在饮用水中的镁离子释放作为人体补镁手段的新思路,分析了镁及其合金在碳酸饮料中的降解机理、溶液镁离子浓度和pH值变化规律,探讨了镁合金产品作为人体补镁来源的可行性。结果表明,Mg的降解速度最快,AZ31次之,AZ91最低,表面均形成了抑制降解的(Ca,Mg)CO3腐蚀层;铝元素可有效降低镁的释放速度和碳酸饮料的pH值增幅;3种镁合金在容量为600 mL的碳酸饮料中浸泡2～4 h所释放的镁离子基本能满足每日人体所需补镁量,此时pH值变化较小,对碳酸饮料的品质无明显影响。     

Al－Zn－In－Si合金在NaCl溶液中的小孔腐蚀行为

研究了溶液中Ｃｌ－浓度和温度对Ａｌ－Ｚｎ－Ｉｎ－Ｓｉ和Ａｌ－Ｚｎ－Ｉｎ－Ｓｉ－Ｍｇ合金小孔腐蚀行为的影响，并利用电子探针对蚀孔进行形貌观察和线扫描分析。结果表明：Ｃｌ－浓度和温度变化对合金的阳极极化行为和孔蚀性能有较大影响；从孔蚀行为看，作为牺牲阳极，经加镁改性的合金较未加镁合金更佳。蚀孔出现在富Ｉｎ、Ｓｉ点周围，Ｃｌ－浓度较低时蚀孔底部的富Ｉｎ、Ｓｉ＂岛状物＂在浓度较高时逐渐溶解脱落，Ｉｎ、Ｓｉ在孔边缘富集。     

镁基牺牲阳极腐蚀行为研究

采用静态失重法、动电位扫描法和交流阻抗法研究了高纯镁和AZ31合金在3.5%NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为.结果表明：高纯镁在3.5%的NaCl溶液中的平均腐蚀速率要小于AZ31合金,腐蚀后在高纯镁表面形成了一层氧化膜,阻碍进一步腐蚀,而由于第二相与基体发生电化学反应的AZ31合金腐蚀过程继续维持.用SEM观察两者的腐蚀形貌发现,AZ31合金整个表面都被剧烈的腐蚀;而高纯镁表面腐蚀均匀,且腐蚀程度较浅.      

Al-Zn-In-Si合金在NaCl溶液中的小孔腐蚀行为

研究了溶液中Ｃｌ－浓度和温度对Ａｌ－Ｚｎ－Ｉｎ－Ｓｉ和Ａｌ－Ｚｎ－Ｉｎ－Ｓｉ－Ｍｇ合金小孔腐蚀行为的影响,并利用电子探针对蚀孔进行形貌观察和线扫描分析。结果表明：Ｃｌ－浓度和温度变化对合金的阳极极化行为和孔蚀性能有较大影响;从孔蚀行为看,作为牺牲阳极,经加镁改性的合金较未加镁合金更佳。蚀孔出现在富Ｉｎ、Ｓｉ点周围,Ｃｌ－浓度较低时蚀孔底部的富Ｉｎ、Ｓｉ＂岛状物＂在浓度较高时逐渐溶解脱落,Ｉｎ、Ｓｉ在孔边缘富集。     

Corrosion resistant coatings based on synergistic effects of alkaline etching and molybdate treatment for AZ31D magnesium alloy

Eco-friendly, non-toxic protective coatings deposited from molybdate–based solutions have been developed as undercoat thin-films (for subsequent organic top coats) for AZ31D magnesium alloy. Direct treatment of Mg AZ31D substrates with molybdate–based solutions has no significant effect on the overall surface resistance (charge transfer resistance). Alkaline etching of Mg AZ31D surfaces using KOH solution prior to molybdate conversion coating showed significant enhancement in the corrosion resistances The optimum conditions of alkaline etching and molybdate treatment steps have been determined. The total surface resistance was improved from 2.1?×?10³ Ω.cm² (for as-polished AZ31D) to be 3.2?×?10³ Ω.cm² for the alkaline etched samples followed by 10?g?L^?1 molybdate treatment. The resistance to localised corrosion (pitting and crevice) improved significantly after applying the alkaline etching step. Molybdate–based coatings formed on Mg AZ31D exhibited a network of flower-like and needle-like protective molybdenum oxide structures which are belived to be responsible for the improvement in the pitting and crevice corrosion resistance. They impede the corrosive media from reaching the bare metal and hence improve the pitting and crevice corrosion resistances. This simple eco-friendly, low-toxicity pretreatment approach seems very promising and effective for improving the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys in chloride containing solutions.     

金属阳离子对医用镁合金降解行为的影响规律

医用镁合金的降解特性直接影响其在心血管支架和骨替换材料等领域的应用。本研究在保持与生理体液氯离子浓度一致的基础上,选用镁合金AZ31B分别浸入NaCl溶液,KCl溶液,MgCl2溶液和CaCl2溶液中,对比研究金属阳离子对医用镁合金的降解行为影响。通过动电位极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱测试分析,发现镁合金浸泡在4种氯盐溶液时的腐蚀电位、阻抗与其在降解过程中溶液pH变化、样品失重变化趋势一致,即金属阳离子直接影响医用镁合金的降解特性:NaClKClCaCl2MgCl2,其中Na+和K+比Ca2+和Mg2+更能促进镁合金降解。