再生丁基橡胶与非极性不饱和橡胶共混物的性能研究

对再生丁基橡胶(RIIR)与非极性不饱和橡胶共混物的性能进行了研究。结果表明,RIIR易以填料的形式加入到非极性不饱和橡胶中使用,当RIIR以填料的形式加入到NR、BR及SBR中时,不仅使它们的耐热氧老化性及耐屈挠龟裂性得到明显改善,而且使NR及BR的撕裂强度及扯断伸长率提高;RIIR作为生胶与BR及NR共混,可改善BR的耐热氧老化性,提高NR的撕裂强度;SBR与RIIR共混,均使拉伸强度及撕裂强度降低;非极性不饱和二烯类橡胶与RIIR共混后,均使耐磨性降低。     

氯化聚乙烯橡胶/丙烯酸酯橡胶共混物相容性的研究

研究氯化聚乙烯橡胶(CM)/丙烯酸酯橡胶(ACM)并用比、共混温度对CM/ACM共混物相容性的影响。结果表明,CM的门尼粘度对温度变化敏感,ACM不敏感,CM和ACM生胶的门尼粘度差值随着温度的升高而变小;随着共混物中CM用量的增大,CM和ACM玻璃化温度(Tg)的差值(ΔTg)逐渐减小,说明相容性和共混物各组分的用量比有关,在CM/ACM并用比为80/20时ΔTg最小;共混温度对CM和ACM的Tg影响不大,共混物拉伸强度随温度升高而增大。当CM/ACM并用比为50/50时,CM的粘度大,为分散相;ACM的粘度小,为连续相。     

硫化剂对丙烯酸酯橡胶/乙烯丙烯酸酯橡胶共混胶性能的影响

为提高丙烯酸酯橡胶(ACM)/乙烯丙烯酸酯橡胶(AEM)共混胶的综合性能,采用硫化剂Diak No 1与促进剂Vulcofac ACT 55组成硫化体系,研究了硫化剂用量对ACM/AEM共混胶性能的影响。结果表明,随着Diak No 1用量的增加,共混胶焦烧时间逐渐延长,硫化反应速率逐渐减小;共混胶物理机械性能、耐热老化性能和耐IRM 903标准油性能逐渐提高,压缩永久变形性能先提高后降低。动态力学性能分析和差示扫描量热分析结果表明,随着Diak No 1用量的增加,共混胶的玻璃化转变温度逐渐升高,储能模量逐渐增大。     

促进剂对丙烯酸酯橡胶/乙烯丙烯酸酯橡胶共混胶性能的影响

考察了传统促进剂DOTG、环保促进剂XLA-60和ACT 55对丙烯酸酯橡胶(ACM)/乙烯丙烯酸酯橡胶(AEM)共混胶的硫化特性、物理机械性能、耐热空气老化性能、耐油性能、压缩永久变形及耐低温性能的影响。结果表明,与传统促进剂DOTG相比,加入新型环保促进剂ACT 55或XLA-60的ACM/AEM共混胶的硫化速率均有所提高,硫化胶交联密度增大,其中加入ACT 55的共混胶交联密度最大。促进剂ACT 55和XLA-60均能提高共混硫化胶的物理机械性能、耐热空气老化性能和压缩永久变形性能。添加XLA-60的共混硫化胶有较好的耐ASTM No.1标准油性能,而在IRM 903标准油中,加入DOTG的共混硫化胶的性能更好。     

炭黑对丙烯酸酯橡胶/乙烯丙烯酸酯橡胶共混胶性能的影响

考察了炭黑种类对丙烯酸酯橡胶(ACM)/乙烯丙烯酸酯橡胶(AEM)共混胶硫化特性、物理机械性能、耐油性能、动态力学性能及热稳定性等的影响。结果表明,与未加入炭黑的试样相比,加入不同种类炭黑后共混胶的最大转矩(M_H)、最小转矩(M_L)及二者之差(M_H-M_L)均显著增大,焦烧时间(t_(10))和正硫化时间(t_(90))均缩短。共混硫化胶的物理机械性能、耐油性能及热稳定性均显著增强,但压缩永久变形变差,玻璃化转变温度均升高,损耗因子峰值均下降。随着炭黑粒径的增大,共混胶的M_H、M_L和M_H-M_L逐渐减小,t_(10)和t_(90)逐渐延长,物理机械性能逐渐变差,但热稳定性及压缩永久变形逐渐升高。加入炭黑N 990的共混硫化胶的热稳定性较差。     

共混比对丙烯酸酯橡胶/乙烯丙烯酸酯橡胶共混胶性能的影响

研究了共混比对丙烯酸酯橡胶(ACM)/乙烯丙烯酸酯橡胶(AEM)共混胶硫化特性、物理机械性能、耐热老化性能、耐油性能、耐低温性能、热稳定性和动态力学性能的影响。结果表明,AEM用量的增加改善了ACM/AEM共混胶的加工安全性能、物理机械性能和热稳定性能,耐热老化性能变化不明显,耐低温性能稍有下降,ACM/AEM共混胶耐ASTM No 1标准油性能变好,耐IRM 903标准油性能变差;当ACM/AEM共混比为60/40时,共混胶的综合性能最佳,能够满足密封圈的性能要求。     

丁基橡胶及其共混物的耐热氧老化性能

本文研究了丁基橡胶(IIR)及其共混物的耐热氧老化性能。研究结果表明:IIR与再生丁基橡胶(RIIR)、三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)及少量的顺丁橡胶(BR)共混,可以改善IIR在热氧老化中的变软发粘现象,并且使定伸强度显著提高;但当IIR与30份BR共混后,使耐热氧老化性能显著降低。     

氯丁橡胶/丙烯酸酯橡胶共混研究

丙烯酸酯橡胶(ACM)的耐热老化性能和耐油性能较好,但力学性能较差。而氯丁橡胶(CR)的力学性能较高,耐温性能较差。两种橡胶并用可使力学性能和热老化性能有显著的提高。采用丙烯酸酯橡胶(ACM)和氯丁橡胶(CR)共混改性,通过偏光显微镜(×400)对共混物中两种橡胶的分散情况进行了分析。研究了CR/ACM共混物质量比、混炼和硫化工艺对共混物性能的影响,结果表明:当CR/ACM并用比在75/25时,采用过氧化二异丙苯、氧化锌、硫磺共硫化体系,白炭黑在混炼时分两次加入,硫化条件为165℃×10 MPa×30 min时,获得的CR/ACM共混物具有优异的力学性能和热老化性能。     

环保型增塑剂对丙烯酸酯橡胶/乙烯丙烯酸酯橡胶共混胶性能的影响

研究了环保型增塑剂RS-107、RS-700、RS-735和TegMeR?812对丙烯酸酯橡胶(ACM)/乙烯丙烯酸酯橡胶(AEM)共混胶性能的影响,结果表明,随着增塑剂的加入,ACM/AEM共混胶的转矩明显下降,不同增塑剂对共混胶硫化影响的差别不大。加入4种增塑剂均使得共混硫化胶的硬度、拉伸强度和100%定伸应力减小而扯断伸长率增大,压缩永久变形性能和热稳定性都出现了不同程度的下降,耐低温性能得以改善,提高了耐IRM 903标准油性能,但对耐ASTM No 1标准油性能的影响不大。加入增塑剂使得共混胶的玻璃化转变温度明显向低温方向偏移、储能模量减小。其中,RS-700赋予共混硫化胶最好的综合性能。     

丙烯酸金属盐对金属-橡胶黏接体力学性能的影响

研究了丙烯酸金属盐对金属-橡胶(天然橡胶／溶聚丁苯橡胶共混物)黏接体力学性能的影响。结果表明。将炭黑填充量减少20-30份,加入2-5份的丙烯酸锌原位增强被黏橡胶。不仅保持了金属一橡胶黏接体的力学性能。而且明显改善了被黏橡胶的耐撕裂性能、与金属的黏合效果以及剥离破坏状况。破坏形貌变化也得到了明显改善。     

Synthesis and properties of metal poly(butyl acrylate)

Butyl acrylate colloids were obtained by codeposition at 77 K of the monomer with several metals such as Pd, Au, Ag, Cu, Zn, Cd, Ga, In, Ge, Sn, Sb, and Bi. The colloids were polymerized with different amounts of an initiator (AIBN) at 65°C for 0.5 h and a wide range of viscosity‐average molecular weights (M _v, 10⁴–10⁵ g/mol) were obtained depending upon the metal used. The metal colloid concentration and stability are reported. The thermal stability and metal composition are also described. The polymers are stable even at 400°C, with Ga–poly(butyl acrylate) being the most stable at 407°C. The metal content ranged between 0.10 and 1.32% w/w for the highest MW fraction and between 0.11 and 1.09% w/w for the lowest MW fraction. Polymers with several colors were obtained depending on the metal used. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 71: 547–550, 1999     

Grafting of butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate on butyl rubber using electron beam radiation

Being nonpolar in nature, butyl rubber (IIR) has poor compatibility toward polar polymers and fillers. It can be improved by grafting polar substrates on the butyl elastomer. Radiation‐induced polymer processing is getting increasing interest, as it leads to new and improved polymers with desirable and interesting properties. In this investigation, electron beam radiation has been used to graft methyl methacrylate (MMA) and butyl acrylate (BA) on IIR. This process has several advantages over conventional grafting processes such as cationic polymerization (which needs very low temperature and stringent reaction conditions) and solution radical polymerization (which often needs solvent removal and recycling). The grafted polymers were characterized by using ¹H NMR, IR, TGA, and SEM analysis. The degree of grafting increases with a decrease in irradiation dose as well as with an increase in monomer concentration. It was observed that there was a decrease in intrinsic viscosity in irradiated IIR samples, indicating the chain scission. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 1340–1346, 2006     

丙烯酸酯橡胶与丁腈橡胶并用研究

对丙烯酸酯橡胶（ACM）与丁腈橡胶（NBR）并用胶的物理机构性能及耐热耐油性能进行了测试考察。实验结果表明,m(ACM):m(NBR)≥70:30的并用胶,综合性能比丁腈橡胶及丙烯酸酯橡胶好、成本低,可代替丙烯酸酯橡胶用作耐热耐油密封件胶料。     

氯醚橡胶/丁腈橡胶共混物的结构与性能

研究了不同并用比的氯醚橡胶（ECO）／丁腈橡胶（NBR）共混物的相态结构,力学性能,耐老化性能和耐油性能,透射电镜照片显示：ECO／NBR为70／30（质量份,下同）时共混物呈双连续相：为60／40和40／60时ECO都为分散相,且两相界面清晰。加入NBR降低了ECO的拉伸强度和看断伸长率,以及耐热空气老化性能,随着NBR用量的提高,共混物硫化胶在油中的体积变化率增加,ECO／NBR为70／30时硫化胶在100℃热油中的性能保持率最高,而且体积变化率与ECO的相当。     

共混比对预硫化多官能化丁基橡胶/天然橡胶共混胶性能的影响

研究了预硫化工艺下不同共混比对多官能化丁基橡胶/天然橡胶(MFIIR/NR)共混胶硫化特性、力学性能、耐老化性能以及微观形貌的影响,同时与传统工艺制备的共混胶的性能进行了对比。结果表明,当MFIIR作为主要组分时,预硫化法混炼胶的正硫化时间随MFIIR/NR共混比(质量比)的增大而缩短,最高转矩、最高转矩与最低转矩之差都随共混比的增大而呈现变小的趋势;随着预硫化法共混胶共混比的增大,共混胶的力学性能降低,耐老化性能提高,但都明显高于传统法共混胶的力学性能;预硫化共混胶拉伸断面的致密程度较传统法共混胶高,且随共混比的增大,拉伸断面的形貌趋于平坦。     

Compatibilization efficacy of poly(isoprene–butyl acrylate) block copolymers in natural/acrylic rubber blends

Poly(isoprene–butyl acrylate) block copolymers with a variety of molecular weights and compositions were prepared via a controlled free‐radical polymerization with an iniferter. Subsequently, the block copolymers were used as compatibilizers in natural/acrylic rubber blends. Scanning electron micrographs revealed a cocontinuous morphology in the case of the normal blends with a low natural rubber content (20 wt %), whereas the blends that contained more natural rubber showed a dispersed‐particle morphology. When the rubbers were blended with 5 wt % block copolymer, the particle size decreased, and the tensile strength of the resulted blends increased, regardless of the block copolymer characteristics. For the blend that exhibited a cocontinuous morphology, the most effective compatibilizer was the block copolymer with an average molecular weight of 22,000 g/mol, containing mainly (87%) polyisoprene block. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 921–927, 2003     

Effects of blending time and catalyst on the properties of nylon 1010/acrylate rubber blends

Nylon 1010 and acrylate rubber (ACM) were prepared by melt blending. The effects of blending time and catalyst on the properties of the blends were studied. It was found that ester‐amide exchange reactions between the Nylon 1010 and ACM occurred during melt processing. Long blending time and Tetrabutyl titanate (Ti(OBu)₄) as a catalyst could promote the reactions, and grafted copolymer Nylon‐g‐ACM was in situ generated as a compatibilizer during processing procedure. The tensile strength of the blends increased from about 12.0–15.0 MPa when the blending time increased from 10 to 30 min. The presence of Ti(OBu)₄ led to the decrease in melt flow index (MFI), independent of the blending time (30 or 60 min). Glass transition temperature and heat of fusion of the blends increased after addition of the catalyst. Rheological behavior analysis provided evidence of formation of Nylon‐g‐ACM graft copolymer. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the compatibility of the blends was improved by longer blending time and the addition of catalyst. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 4587–4597, 2013     

丁苯橡胶和丁苯胶乳的国内发展概况

概述了丁苯橡胶和丁苯胶乳国内发展概况，并据此提出几点建议。