Yb0.03Y0.19Gd0.78VO4晶体的生长和性能

液相合成了Yb∶YGdVO4多晶料,采用中频感应加热Czochralski法生长了Yb0.03Y0.19Gd0.78VO4晶体.用浮力法测定其密度为5.29g/cm3,X射线粉末衍射分析表明它的结构与YVO4和GdVO4的晶体结构相同,并计算出了它的晶胞参数为a0=b0=0.7191nm,c0=0.6329nm.用激光脉冲法测量了晶体的热扩散系数,比较了晶体a轴和c轴的热扩散系数随温度的变化关系.实验表明Yb0.03Y0.19Gd0.78VO4晶体有希望适合作为LD泵浦的激光晶体材料.     

Nd3+:Gd3Ga5O12晶体的热物理性能研究

提拉法生长了Nd^3＋：Gd3Ga5O12（Nd：GGG）单晶，用差示扫描量热法（DSC）和激光脉冲法分别测量了Nd：GGG激光晶体的比热和热扩散系数，计算得到晶体的导热系数，与用PPMS测量得到的导热系数相吻合．实验结果表明：Nd：GGG激光晶体具有较大的比热和导热系数，具有良好的热物理性能；Nd：GGG晶体的热扩散系数和导热系数随着温度的升高而减小；计算得到晶体的德拜温度为711K．     

Nd3+取代对(PbCa)(FeNb)O3介质陶瓷微波特性及晶体结构的影响研究

研究了A位Nd^3 非电荷平衡取代量对[(Pb0．48Ca0.52)1-xNdx](Fe0．5Nb0．5)O3晶体结构及微波介电性能的影响．用XRD研究了Nd^3 的取代对体系晶胞参数及物相成分的影响．介电性能研究表明，体系介电常数随Nd^3 先增加后减小，并且当Nd^3 的含量超过一定值时，体系的品质因数得到改善．用键价理论分析了体系谐振频率温度系数随Nd^3 取代量的变化关系．当Nd^3 的含量为5mol％时体系微波介电性能达到最佳为；εr=87．9，Qf=5210GHz，Tf=7．8ppm／K．研究了[(Pb0．48Ca0．52)1-xNdx](Fe0．5Nb0.5)O3体系中晶体结构与介电性能之间的关系．     

新型GYSGG(GdxY3-xSc2Ga3O12)晶体的生长、结构及透过光谱研究

采用提拉法成功生长出高质量的GYSGG(Gd_0.63Y_2.37Sc₂Ga₃O₁₂)晶体, 对其结构及透过光谱进行了研究。GYSGG晶体的晶格常数大于目前常用的GGG 和CaMgZr:GGG,介于YSGG与GSGG之间。可通过改变晶体中Gd与Y的比例, 获得应用中所需不同晶格常数的晶体基片。另外, 晶体三个结晶面的摇摆曲线有对称的形状和较小的半高宽, 表明晶体有较好的结晶完整性。观察分析了晶体三个结晶面的位错腐蚀图。透过光谱分析表明晶体有宽的透光波段, 将计算得到的折射率曲线拟合得到了折射率塞米尔方程系数。因此, GYSGG不仅是一种优良的激光基质晶体, 也是一种宽波段窗口材料和潜在的具有较大晶格常数, 并且晶格常数可调的新型磁泡应用衬底材料。     

掺钕氟磷酸锶单晶研究

为探索和评价新型激光晶体掺钛氟磷酸银Nd：Sr5（PO4）3F（Nd：SFAP）在制作激光器方面的应用，对其生长、结构、光谱与激光特性及一些物理性能进行了系统研究．采用Czochralski法成功地生长出单晶；用先进的设备对所生长之晶体进行了有关测量，并进行了以激光二极管为泵浦源、该晶体为工作物质的激光实验．结果表明：晶体生长中Nd的有效分凝系数为0.52；理想的泵浦光应是806um的π偏振光，荧光寿命为175μs；泵浦阈值15mW，斜效率为31．8％研究结论为：Nd：SFAP晶体是制作小型LD泵浦激光器的理想材料，但用它制作较大功率激光器是不合适的     

YVO_4:Eu纳米微粒的合成及光谱性质研究

在水热条件下,以Y(NO3)3.6H2O,Eu2O3,NH4VO3,Na3C6H5O7.2H2O为原料合成了YVO4纳米微粒以及稀土离子Eu3+掺杂的YVO4:Eu纳米微粒,利用XRD,FE-SEM,TEM,HRTEM和SAED对所得产物的结构和形貌进行表征,并用FT-IR、F-4600对所得产物的光谱性质进行了分析.结果表明,产物为纯净的四方相YVO4,具有较为规则的饼状形貌,单个饼状YVO4纳米微粒的直径约为500nm.XRD图谱显示稀土离子Eu3+取代了Y3+进入YVO4晶体,但在纳米YVO4:Eu的荧光光谱上没有出现VO43-发射峰,这表明YVO4是良好的发光基质材料.水热合成方法简单易行,合成出的YVO4:Eu粒子荧光强度大且荧光强度稳定.     

Na0．5Bi0．5TiO3-K0．5Bi0．5TiO3无陶瓷的制备与性能铅压电

采用传统的干压成型法制备了Na0．5Bi0．5TiO3-K0．5Bi0．5TiO3无铅压电陶瓷，研究了不同K0.5Bi0.5TiO3含量对Na0．5Bi0．5TiO3-K0．5Bi0．5TiO3陶瓷的微观结构与电性能的影响规律。结果表明，Na0．5Bi0．5TiO3-K0．5Bi0．5TiO3无铅压电陶瓷随K0.5Bi0.5TiO3含量增加，晶格常数增大，密度减小，晶粒尺寸减小，压电常数先增大后减小，介电常数增大，介电损耗增加，机械品质因数下降，而居里温度不断升高，在200℃附近存在由铁电相向反铁电相转变的一个相变点，组分为0．84 Na0．5Bi0．5TiO3-K0．5Bi0．5TiO3的陶瓷位于准同型相界附近，具有最佳的压电性能。     

Ce:Eu:LiNbO3晶体制备及光折变性能

为了昨到光折变性能优良的晶体材料，在LiNbO3中掺进CeO2和Eu2O3，生长Ce:LiNbO3和Ce:Eu:LiNbO3单晶体，对晶体进行极化和氧化还原处理，并利用XRD、UV-VIS及二波耦合光路测试了晶体的晶格常数、吸收光谱、指数增益系数和响应时间。结果表明，Ce:Eu:LiNbO3晶体的晶格常数比Ce:LiNbO3晶体小，其吸收边比CeLiNbO3晶体红移更多，指数增益系数比Ce:LiNbO3晶体大，而响应时间比Ce:LiNbO3晶体的要短，Ce:Eu:LiNbO3是优良的光折变晶体材料。     

离子束溅射La0.5Sr0.5CoO3-δ薄膜的XRD和XPS研究

采用离子束溅射法在氧化钇稳定的氧化锆（YSZ）和铝酸镧（LaAlO3）上溅射RE0.5Sr0．5CoO3-δ薄膜，测试了薄膜的XRD、XPS谱、分析了表面微结构及化学状态。实验表明。随着热处理温度的升高。La0．5Sr0．5CoO3-δ薄膜在YSZ和LaAlO3上生长时有取向增强的趋势，并且晶粒度增大，晶格氧减少。氧空位增加。氧输运性能提高。当热处理温度为750℃时薄膜结晶度最好，晶粒度最大，氧输运性能最好。     

氧空位对Ga_(1.5)In_(0.5)O_3透明导电氧化物性能的影响

Ga1.5In0.5O3是一种潜在的紫外透明导电材料。用第一性原理计算了含氧空位的Ga1.5In0.5O3的结构参数、生成焓、能带结构、态密度、光吸收和光反射。氧空位的位置影响Ga1.5In0.5O3化合物的晶格常数和生成焓,含氧空位的Ga1.5In0.5O3是间接带隙半导体,其带隙宽度较本征Ga1.5In0.5O3带隙值变宽。氧空位VO(1)、VO(2)和VO(3)在Ga1.5In0.5O3中分别引入0.237eV、0.239eV和1.384eV的施主杂质能级,在吸收光谱中出现杂质吸收现象。氧空位降低Ga1.5In0.5O3吸收主峰和反射主峰的强度,在近红外区含VO(1)和VO(2)的Ga1.5In0.5O3的吸收系数和反射率较大,含VO(3)的Ga1.5In0.5O3的吸收系数和反射率较小。     

Passively mode-locking Nd:Gd0.5Y0.5VO4 laser with an In0.25Ga0.75As absorber grown at low temperature

We have demonstrated stable self-starting passive mode locking in a diode-end-pumped Nd:Gd0.5Y0.5VO4 laser by using an In0.25Ga0.75As absorber grown at low temperature (LT In0.25Ga0.75As absorber). An In0.25Ga0.75As single-quantum-well absorber, which was grown directly on the GaAs buffer by use of the metal-organic chemical-vapor deposition technique, acts simultaneously as a passive mode-locking device and as an output coupler. Continuous-wave mode-locked pulses were obtained at 1063.5 nm. We achieved a pulse duration of 2.6 ps and an average output power of 2.15 W at a repetition rate of 96.4 MHz.     

Semianalytical thermal analysis on a Nd:YVO(4) crystal

Based on analytical theory of anisotropy, distributions of thermal distortion and temperature field within a diode-end-pumped rectangular Nd:YVO(4) laser crystal are investigated. A thermal model that matches the actual working state of the laser crystal is established by analyzing the working characteristics of the Nd:YVO(4) laser crystal. A novel method, to the best of our knowledge, is adopted to solve the heat conduction equation of the anisotropic medium. General solutions of the temperature field, thermal strain field, and thermal distortion field of the Nd:YVO(4) crystal are obtained. The effect of anisotropic thermal parameters on the thermal strain field of the Nd:YVO(4) laser crystal is also analyzed quantitatively. Research results show that a maximum temperature rise of 244.9 degrees C and a maximum thermal distortion of 1.99 mum can be obtained in the center of the pump face when the Nd:YVO(4) laser crystal doped with 0.5 at. % Nd(3+) is diode end pumped in the center of the front end face with 15 W output power. This method can be applied to other thermal analyses of laser crystals and offers a theoretical basis to solve thermal problems effectively in the laser system.     

Nd:Gd_xY_(1-x)Ca_4O(BO_3)_3晶体的生长及其光谱性能研究

利用熔体提拉法生长了大尺寸,高质量的新型激光自信频晶体Ｎｄ：ＧｄｘＹ１－ｘＣａ４Ｏ（ＢＯ３）３简称Ｎｄ：ＧｄＹＣＯＢ）．对Ｎｄ：ＧｄＹＣＯＢ晶体的ＸＲＤ衍射图进行指标化,得到它的晶胞参数为α＝８．０８０Ａ; ｂ＝１６．０１６Ａ; ｃ＝３．５３８Ａ; β＝１０１．１８°;μ＝４９１．１Ａ３．对取自不同部位的晶体粉末进行ＩＣＰ原子发射光谱分析表明晶体整体组份均匀一致,根据熔体和晶体粉末的ＩＣＰ数据计算,Ｎｄ：ＧｄＹＣＯＢ晶体中Ｎｄ３＋的分凝系数为０．６３．首次报道了 Ｎｄ：ＧｄＹＣＯＢ晶体２００～３０００ｎｍ室温透过光谱和室温荧光光谱及荧光寿命．室温透过光谱表明Ｎｄ：ＧｄＹＣＯＢ晶体的紫外吸收边在～２２０ｎｍ,具有很宽的透光波段（～２２０～２７００ｎｍ）; Ｎｄ：ＧｄＹＣＯＢ晶体在８００ｎｍ附近存在很强的吸收,适合于ＬＤ泵浦．荧光光谱表明Ｎｄ：ＧｄＹＣＯＢ晶体是一种很有潜力的ＲＧＢ（ｒｅｄ;ｇｒｅｅｎ, ｂｌｕｅ）激光自信频晶体．掺杂 ４％、 ５％ Ｎｄ：ＧｄＹＣＯＢ晶体的荧光寿命分别为 １０５μｓ和１００μｓ．     

Sellmeier's equation and the expression of the thermal refractive-index coefficient for a Nd0.007Gd0.993VO4 crystal

The principal refractive indices of a Nd0.007Gd0.993VO4 crystal for wavelengths of 0.488, 0.6328, 1.064, 1.0795, and 1.3414 microm under the temperature range of 20-170 degrees C are measured by the autocollimation method, and the Sellmeier's equation and the expression of the thermal refractive-index coefficient are then obtained. The reliability of these results is checked by comparing the calculated values with the measured values for the measured wavelengths and the temperature region, as well as with the published values by Studenikin et al. [Quantum Electron. 25, 1162-1165 (1995)] for wavelengths of 0.491, 0.546, 0.578, 0.632, 0.808, and 1.062 microm at 20 degrees C. In addition, the birefringence and the thermal coefficient of the birefringence were obtained by measured results. The results show that the birefringence is larger than that of a YVO4 crystal and that the thermal coefficient of birefringence is less than that of a YVO4 crystal. Therefore it can be expected that the GdVO4 crystal is not only an excellent laser crystal but also an excellent birefringent crystal used in a modern optical transmission system as a passive fiber-optic component.     

Frequency-modulation mode-locking performance for four Nd(3+)-doped laser crystals

To determine an optimum host for simultaneous short-pulse-width and large-slope-efficiency generation, the performance of Nd:YAG, Nd:YLF, Nd:YVO(4), and Nd(3+):Sr(5)(VO(4))(3)F [Nd:strontium fluorovanadate (S-VAP)] was characterized under a variety of end-pumped and frequency-modulation mode-locking conditions. The slope efficiency, threshold pump power, and pulse width were recorded for each laser and compared with theory. A figure of merit was defined, yielding Nd:YLF and Nd:YVO(4) as the experimentally determined crystals of choice.     

Study on the structures of N-containing melilite Y2Si3O3N4 and Nd2Si2.5Al0.5O3.5N3.5

Rietveld refinements have been used to determine the structure of Y2Si3O3N4 from X-ray data and Nd2Si2.5Al0.5O3.5N3.5 from neutron powder diffraction data. The refinements show that in the melilite phase Y2Si3O3N4 and melilite solid solution Nd2Si2.5Al0.5O3.5N3.5 the distributions of cations and anions are almost identical. They are analogous to the akermanite (Ca2MgSi2O7) structure, with Si/Si,Al atoms at the origin and centre of the unit cell and with four N/N,O atoms forming the SiN4/(Si,Al)(N3.5O0.5) tetrahedra which share corners with SiO2N2/(Si,Al)O2.25N1.75 tetrahedra to form a continuous sheet structure. Each Y3+ or Nd3+ ion is surrounded by eight N/O atoms forming the coordination polyhedron in Y2Si3O3N4 and Nd2Si2.5Al0.5O3.5N3.5 respectively. The arrangement of Al, Si atoms in the tetrahedra in Nd2Si2.5Al0.5O3.5N3.5 structure is also discussed. This revised version was published online in November 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Formation and microwave dielectric properties of Sr(Ga0.5Ta0.5)O3-based complex perovskites

The Sr(Ga0.5Ta0.5)O3-based perovskites with O2- and/or Sr2+ vacancies were formed by changing the A-site and/or B-site cation ratios. The Sr-deficient perovskites with a limited composition of Sr0.86(Ga0.36Ta0.64)O3 could be obtained, whereas oxygen vacancies were hardly created. The B′-site Ga3+ cation could be replaced with large Sc3+, In3+, Y3+, Nd3+ and La3+. The crystal symmetry of the complex perovskites changed from cubic (B′=Ga3+, Sc3+, In3+) to tetragonal (B′=La3+) through rhombohedral (B′=Y3+, Nd3+). The dielectric permittivities of these ceramics indicated no distinct dependence on the B′-site cation species. The temperature coefficient of permittivity might be associated with the symmetry change of the perovskite phases. Higher microwave Qf values, >Qf=38 000 GHz, were obtained for our complex perovskite ceramics, except with B′=La3+. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

新型非线性光学晶体 Ca4RO(BO3)3的研究进展

作为新型非线性光学材料,钙－稀土硼酸盐晶体Ｃａ４ＲＯ（ＢＯ３）３（Ｒ－Ｌａ３＋、Ｎｄ３＋、Ｓｍ３＋Ｇｄ３＋Ｙ３＋Ｅｒ３＋、Ｔｂ３＋、Ｌｕ３ ）近来引起了广泛的重视．该系列晶体属非中心对称的单斜晶系,空间群Ｃｍ．本文综述了上述晶体的结构和生长研究的进展。总结了晶体的线性光学／非线性光学性能以及掺杂晶体的激光自倍频性能,指出这些晶体在非线性光学领域潜在的应用前景．     

Controllable morphology and high photoluminescence of (Y, Gd)(V, P) O4:Eu3+ nanophosphors synthesized by two-step reactions

Multi-ion doped YVO(4):Eu(3+) nanophosphors with high photoluminescence intensity were successfully prepared by a two-step reaction process for the first time, including YVO(4):Eu(3+) seeds synthesized by hydrothermal reaction and co-doping P(5+) and Gd(3+) in a sol-gel process. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and photoluminescence spectroscopy were adopted to detect the structure, grain size, morphology and optical properties of the nanophosphors, respectively. Owning to the template-induced effect of the seeds, the morphology and size of the nanophosphors could be controlled by adjusting the molar ratios between the seeds and doping ions. The size of these nanophosphors increased as P(5+) and Gd(3+) co-doped. However, most of the samples kept approximately spherical morphology and narrow size distribution. The composition-optimized (Y, Gd)(V, P)O(4):Eu(3+) nanophosphors with spherical morphology in the 80-100 nm range exhibit better red emission and superior color saturation under vacuum ultraviolet excitation compared with that of the commercial phosphor (Y, Gd)BO(3):Eu(3+).     

Nd3+A位置换对(Pb0.5Ca0.5)(Fe0.5Nb0.5)O3陶瓷微波介电性能的影响

研究了Nd3+离子A位置换改性(Pb0.5Ca0.5)(Fe0.5Nb0.5)O3陶瓷的微波介电性能.[(Pb0.5Ca0.5)1-xNdx](Fe0.5Nb0.5)O3(PCNFN)陶瓷的微波介电性能得到改善是由于少量过剩的Nd3+与(Pb,Ca)2+的固溶能够消除氧空位.当x=0.02时,能够形成单相的钙钛矿相,随着Nd3+置换量的增加,过剩的Nd3+将导致第二相焦绿石的形成,焦绿石会恶化PCNFN的微波介电性能.PCNFN介电性能随x的增加而下降是由于焦绿石相随x增加的结果.当x=0.02-0.05,PCNFN陶瓷有很好的微波介电性能,介电常数K>100,Qf值为5385-5797GHz,频率温度系数TCF随Nd3+含量的增加从正的变为负的.