一种高性能无片外电容型LDO设计北大核心CSCD

设计了一种高性能无片外电容型LDO线性稳压器.其中,EA采用推挽输出放大器设计,在静态时保持低功耗,瞬态响应时提供大的输出电流,提高LDO的响应速率.高环路增益使LDO电路具有很高的稳压精度;采用零点补偿技术,保证了LDO环路稳定性.LDO采用0.13μm CMOS工艺设计,仿真结果表明,在1.2V^2.0V输入电压下,LDO输出稳定的1.0V电压,输出负载电流为50μA^100mA,最大负载电容可达到100pF,低频PSR为-67.5dB@100mA^-85.5dB@50μA,负载调整率0.8μV/mA,LDO的静态电流为50μA,整体版图面积为0.016 3mm2.     

一种快速瞬态响应无输出电容LDO的研究与设计

设计了一种基于自适应偏置放大器的具有快速瞬态响应的无输出电容LDO.自适应偏置放大器在发生负载瞬态响应时能够调节自身偏置电流以提供较大的输出电流来增加摆率;瞬态响应提升电路通过减小负载电容充放电电流而减小了输出电压的建立时间;通过并联反馈补偿来提高环路的稳定性.仿真结果表明,所设计的无输出电容LDO最大输出电流200mA,最小跌落电压200mV,静态电流仅16μA,全负载正负阶跃变化响应时间分别为2.5μs和3.5μs.     

低压差双电容补偿高瞬态响应线性稳压器设计

为适应现代电子产品对电源性能的较高要求,基于教学中应用的Spectre平台,采用源随器补偿方法设计了一种无片外电容的LDO稳压器。小补偿电容和大驱动能力的两级运放误差放大器,加快了电路的响应速度,提高了瞬态响应性能,并降低了输出电压波纹,从而增强了系统的稳定性。测试结果表明,电路的静态电流为30μA,工作输出电压为1.2 V,最大输出电流为100 mA,Vdrop为200 mV,相位裕度大于60°,在相应条件下的线性调整率SL、负载调整率So分别为0.05%(V/V),0.23%(V/A)。源随器补偿方法既可保证电路稳定工作,又能有效降低输出波纹和加快瞬态响应速度,已达到系统预期设计指标。     

超低静态电流LDO的电路设计

基于电流自适应技术增强瞬态响应的特性,设计了一种超低静态电流的低压差线性稳压器（LDO）电路。通过优化提出一种自适应电流跃变电路,可实现在空载条件下的静态电流低至380nA,与传统的电流自适应电路相比,改善了电路在轻负载时的瞬态响应。采用动态电流的缓冲器增强电路的瞬态响应,同时动态电流缓冲器形成极点-极点追踪补偿的效果,并结合零点-极点追踪补偿技术保证电路稳定。采用CSMC 0.5 um工艺,通过cadence工具仿真验证,结果表明,所提出的LDO电路在输入2.5V~5V范围内,可稳定输出1.8V,最大可驱动300mA负载。在带载50mA内变化时过冲电压小于60mV。     

应用于前端读出电路的片上LDO设计

为满足辐射探测器前端读出电路对模拟电路稳压器片上集成和快速瞬态时间响应的需求,设计了一种基于0.18μm CMOS工艺的全片上集成LDO。采用大摆幅高增益放大器驱动输出功率管,增大了功率管栅极调节电压摆幅,减小了功率管尺寸和LDO压差电压。该放大器同时增大了LDO的环路增益和对功率管栅极的充放电电流,从而改善了瞬态响应性能。为了不牺牲环路增益带宽和芯片面积,并且保证LDO在整个负载电流区间内保持稳定,提出了一种负载电流分区频率补偿方法。仿真结果表明,在负载电容为200 nF,负载电流范围为0～200 mA时,设计的LDO相位裕度均大于53^o。在相同功率管尺寸情况下,采用大摆幅高增益放大器可以将LDO最大输出电流能力提高到两倍以上。当负载电流从10 mA跳变到200 mA时,LDO输出电压恢复时间小于6.5μs。设计的LDO电路面积为120μm×264μm,满载时电源效率为97.76%,最小压差电压为50 mV。     

一种快速瞬态响应双环路LDO稳压器的设计

通过对传统单环LDO的频域分析,提出一种快速瞬态响应的双环路LDO稳压器结构,在保证单位增益带宽不变的前提下提高直流增益,进而提高LDO电路的瞬态性能。设计采用0.6μm BiCMOS高压工艺,Hspice仿真中输出电容为2.2μF,ESR为0.5Ω,旁路电容为1.0μF。负载电流从20 mA到180 mA变化时,其负载调整率仅为0.6%。     

使用两种频率补偿技术的低压差稳压器设计（英文）

介绍了一款具有两种频率补偿技术的低压差(LDO)线性稳压器。在LDO误差放大器的设计中,同时采用嵌套密勒补偿技术和具有可变负载的动态密勒补偿技术,确保LDO在负载电流变化60mA范围内的稳定性。该LDO采用联华电子公司(UMC)0.11μm CMOS工艺实现,所设计的LDO输入电压1.5~3.3V,负载最大电流60mA,输出电压稳定在1.23V。芯片测试结果表明,当负载电流从1mA突变为60mA或者从60mA突变为1mA时,LDO的输出稳定时间小于30μs,且输出电压变化小于12mV。在3.3V的输入电压下,LDO的静态电流为50μA,且在满负载变化时输出电压的变化仅有18mV。     

基于0.18μm工艺的超低功耗LDO设计

本文基于自适应偏置电流电路,设计了一款超低功耗的低压差线性稳压器（LDO）,使用动态零点补偿技术使电路稳定,提出了以比较器为核心的基于电容耦合电压峰值检测的过冲电压削减电路,以减小LDO在负载电流向下突变时产生的过冲电压。在使用自适应电流偏置电路以及过冲电压削减电路的情况下,空载状态的LDO静态电流小于590nA。本设计在两级误差放大器的输出端添加二极管连接形式的PMOS作为缓冲级,一方面有利于LDO的稳定,另一方面增强了LDO的瞬态响应特性。另外,本设计采用了0.18μm CMOS工艺,利用Cadence设计平台进行仿真验证,得到了一款输出电压为3.3V、最大负载电流为200mA、负载电流范围内相位裕度均在50°以上、负载电流在1mA与200mA之间以10ns跳变时得到的欠冲电压为160mV、过冲电压136mV的超低功耗LDO。     

车规级LIN总线中55V摆率增强型LDO

针对传统车载芯片中高压型低压差线性稳压器(LDO)的负载电流小、电源抑制比低、瞬态响应差等问题,提出了一种增强型高压LDO,通过一种新型高压预调制电路,提高了高压LDO的电源抑制比;通过一种新型摆率增强电路,改善了高压LDO的瞬态响应。电路基于BCD-120 V CMOS工艺完成建模,仿真结果显示,电压可调范围为5.5～55 V,输出5 V;负载电流为800 mA;低频电源抑制比为96 dB;1μs内负载电流从1 mA跳变到800 mA时,输出端最大上冲电压为26.6 mV,响应时间为8μs;下冲电压为45.4 mV,响应时间为7μs,满足车规级局域互联网(LIN)总线中高压LDO的性能要求。     

适用于高频开关芯片的快速瞬态响应LDO设计

设计了一种片外大电容快速瞬态响应低压差线性稳压器。该LDO电路基于跨导线性结构设计,在输出级引入推挽结构,有效地减小过冲的幅值和恢复时间,提高了LDO的瞬态响应速度;利用浮动缓冲器驱动功率管,有效地提高了LDO的电流效率;采用动态零点补偿技术,保证了LDO在全负载范围内的环路稳定性。该LDO电路基于0.35μm BCD工艺设计与仿真验证。结果表明,在1.2 V~3 V输入电压范围,LDO的输出电压为1 V,静态电流约为50μA,可提供0~300 mA的负载。在上升下降沿为500 ns、幅度为300 mA、轻载持续时间为50μs的负载瞬态跳变下,过冲和下冲均小于20 mV。电路满足高频负载跳变的应用需求。     

An ultra-low power output capacitor-less low-dropout regulator with slew-rate-enhanced circuit

An ultra-low power output-capacitorless low-dropout (LDO) regulator with a slew-rate-enhanced (SRE)circuit is introduced.The increased slew rate is achieved by sensing the transient output voltage of the LDO and then charging (or discharging) the gate capacitor quickly.In addition,a buffer with ultra-low output impedance is presented to improve line and load regulations.This design is fabricated by SMIC 0.18 μm CMOS technology.Experimental results show that,the proposed LDO regulator only consumes an ultra-low quiescent current of 1.2 μA.The output current range is from 10 μA to 200 mA and the corresponding variation of output voltage is less than 40 mV.Moreover,the measured line regulation and load regulation are 15.38 mV/V and 0.4 mV/mA respectively.     

一种全集成型CMOS LDO线性稳压器设计

设计了一种基于0.25μm CMOS工艺的低功耗片内全集成型LDO线性稳压电路。电路采用由电阻电容反馈网络在LDO输出端引入零点,补偿误差放大器输出极点的方法,避免了为补偿LDO输出极点,而需要大电容或复杂补偿电路的要求。该方法电路结构简单,芯片占用面积小,无需片外电容。Spectre仿真结果表明：工作电压为2.5 V,电路在较宽的频率范围内,电源抑制比约为78 dB,负载电流由1 mA到满载100 mA变化时,相位裕度大于40°,LDO和带隙电压源的总静态电流为390μA。     

一种瞬态响应增强的片上LDO系统设计

分析了传统LDO提高系统稳定性及瞬态响应的局限性,提出了一种片内集成补偿技术。该技术无需外挂电容和等效串联电阻(ESR),即可使系统在全负载范围内保持稳定,并具有良好的纹波抑制能力。仿真结果表明,系统空载时静态电流为46μA,且能提供200mA的最大负载电流,低频电源抑制比达到-65.6dB,启动时间只有16μs,在输出电容为10pF、负载电流以200mA/2μs突变时,最大下冲电压为120mV,上冲电压为160mV。     

A hybrid NMOS/PMOS capacitor-less low-dropout regulator with fast transient response for SoC applications

In this paper, a new architecture of a fully integrated low-dropout voltage regulator (LDO) is presented. It is composed of hybrid architecture of NMOS/PMOS power transistors to relax stability requirements and enhance the transient response of the system. The LDO is capable of producing a stable output voltage of 1.1 V from 1.3 V single supply with recovery settling time about 680 nsec. It can supply current from 10 µA to 100 mA consuming quiescent current of 20.5 µA and 95 µA, respectively. It supports load capacitance from 0 to 50 pF with phase margin that increases from 43° at low load (10 µA) to 74° at high load (100 mA) and power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) less than −20 dB up to 100 kHz. The proposed LDO is designed in 130 nm CMOS technology and occupies an area of 0.11 mm². Post layout simulations show better performance compared with other reported techniques.     

A 3 A sink/source current fast transient response low-dropout Gm driven linear regulator

A 3 A sink/source G_m-driven CMOS low-dropout regulator(LDO),specially designed for low input voltage and low cost,is presented by utilizing the structure of a current mirror G_m(transconductance)driving technique,which provides high stability as well as a fast load transient response.The proposed LDO was fabricated by a 0.5μm standard CMOS process,and the die size is as small as 1.0 mm~2.The proposed LDO dissipates 220μA of quiescent current in no-load conditions and is able to deliver up to 3 A of load current.The measured results show that the output voltage can be resumed within 2μs with a less than 1mV overshoot and undershoot in the output current step from-1.8 to 1.8 A with a 0.1μs rising and falling time at three 10μF ceramic capacitors.     

A Transient-Enhanced Low-Quiescent Current Low-Dropout Regulator With Buffer Impedance Attenuation

This paper presents a low-dropout regulator (LDO) for portable applications with an impedance-attenuated buffer for driving the pass device. Dynamically-biased shunt feedback is proposed in the buffer to lower its output resistance such that the pole at the gate of the pass device is pushed to high frequencies without dissipating large quiescent current. By employing the current-buffer compensation, only a single pole is realized within the regulation loop unity-gain bandwidth and over 65deg phase margin is achieved under the full range of the load current in the LDO. The LDO thus achieves stability without using any low-frequency zero. The maximum output-voltage variation can be minimized during load transients even if a small output capacitor is used. The LDO with the proposed impedance-attenuated buffer has been implemented in a 0.35-mum twin-well CMOS process. The proposed LDO dissipates 20-muA quiescent current at no-load condition and is able to deliver up to 200-mA load current. With a 1-muF output capacitor, the maximum transient output-voltage variation is within 3% of the output voltage with load step changes of 200 mA/100 ns.     

0.13μm BiCMOS低压差线性稳压器

设计了一种0.13μm BiCMOS低压差线性稳压器(LDO),包括BiCMOS误差放大器、带软启动的BiCMOS带隙基准源、"套筒式"共源-共栅补偿电路等。为了改善线性瞬态响应性能,在BiCMOS误差放大器的前级设置了动态电流偏置电路。由于所设计的BiCMOS带隙基准源对温度的敏感性较小,故能为LDO提供高精度的基准电压。对所设计的LDO进行了工艺流片。流片测试结果表明,该LDO可提供60 mA的输出电流且最小压差只有100 mV。测试同时验证了所设计LDO的负载和瞬态响应都得到改善:负载调整率为0.054 mV/mA,线性调整率为0.014%,而芯片面积约为0.094 mm2,因此特别适用于高精度、便携式片上电源系统。     

Full on-chip and area-efficient CMOS LDO with zero to maximum load stability using adaptive frequency compensation

A full on-chip and area-efficient low-dropout linear regulator (LDO) is presented. By using the proposed adaptive frequency compensation (AFC) technique, full on-chip integration is achieved without compromising the LDO's stability in the full output current range. Meanwhile, the use of a compact pass transistor (the compact pass transistor serves as the gain fast roll-off output stage in the AFC technique) has enabled the LDO to be very area-efficient. The proposed LDO is implemented in standard 0.35 μm CMOS technology and occupies an active area as small as 220×320 μm~2, which is a reduction to 58% compared to state-of-the-art designs using technologies with the same feature size. Measurement results show that the LDO can deliver 0-60 mA output current with 54 μA quiescent current consumption and the regulated output voltage is 1.8 V with an input voltage range from 2 to 3.3 V.     

High slew rate current mode transconductance error amplifier for low quiescent current output-capacitorless CMOS LDO regulator

This paper presents a CMOS low quiescent current output-capacitorless low-dropout regulator (LDO) based on a high slew rate current mode transconductance amplifier (CTA) as error amplifier. Using local common-mode feedback (LCMFB) in the proposed CTA, the order of transfer characteristic of the circuit is increased. Therefore, the slew rate at the gate of pass transistor is enhanced. This improves the LDO load transient characteristic even at low quiescent current. The proposed LDO topology has been designed and post simulated in HSPICE in a 0.18 µm CMOS process to supply the load current between 0 and 100 mA. The dropout voltage of the LDO is set to 200 mV for 1.2–2 V input voltage. Post-layout simulation results reveal that the proposed LDO is stable without any internal compensation strategy and with on-chip output capacitor or lumped parasitic capacitances at the output node between 10 and 100 pF. The total quiescent current of the LDO including the current consumed by the reference buffer circuit is only 3.7 µA. A final benchmark comparison considering all relevant performance metrics is presented.     

A 200 mA CMOS low-dropout regulator with double frequency compensation techniques for SoC applications

This paper presents a 200 mA low-dropout(LDO) linear regulator using two modified techniques for frequency compensation.One technique is that the error amplifier uses a common source stage with variable load, which is controlled by the output current,is served as the second stage for a stable frequency response.The other technique is that the LDO uses a pole-zero tracking compensation technique at the error amplifier to achieve a good frequency response.The proposed circuit was fabricated and tested in HJTC 0.18μm CMOS technology. The designed LDO linear regulator works under the input voltage of 2.8-5 V and provides up to 200 mA load current for an output voltage of 1.8 V.The total error of the output voltage due to line and load variation is less than 0.015%.The LDO die area is 630×550μm~2 and the quiescent current is 130μA.