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电力系统稳定器(PSS)是抑制系统低频振荡的有效手段,通常认为以发电机转速偏差和电磁功率偏差为输入信号的加速功率型PSS可避免发电机无功反调问题。结合实例和时域仿真分析,指出在参数整定不合理情况下此类PSS仍可能出现无功反调现象,分析了典型PSS参数对无功反调的影响,在此基础上提出一种基于数字仿真的PSS参数整定方法。对实际电网的时域仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。 相似文献
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小浪底水电厂电力系统稳定器无功反调现象及分析 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
介绍了功率型电力系统稳定器(PSS)在小浪底水电厂的应用情况。通过对#2机组无功波动现象分析,确定了调速器抽动是引起功率型电力系统稳定器反调现象原因之一。结合实际,提出了对PSS选型和参数整定的建议。 相似文献
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平遥耀光电厂200 MW发电机发生内部振荡,通过故障录波器记录曲线和调试软件的测试信号波形分析,查找到原因为励磁系统PSS频率采样故障,阐述了电力系统稳定器PSS的工作原理和UNITROL5000励磁系统频率采样信号的软件传输流程,分析得出PSS频率采样异常引发机组功率振荡的故障机理和诊断结论,并针对测量单元板更换后进行了PSS性能校核试验. 相似文献
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现代电网中大量快速励磁装置的投入应用使得低频振荡现象日趋严重,造成对电力系统安全稳定运行的潜在威胁.新型电力系统稳定器PSS4B对低频振荡具有很好的抑制效果.分析了低频振荡产生的原因,介绍了PSS4B的模型、优点和参数整定.将PSS4B应用于四机两区域系统,并与无PSS、加装普通PSS的仿真结果对比,证明了新型电力系统稳定器PSS4B能够更加有效地抑制区域模式和本地模式下的低频振荡,从而提高电力系统的稳定性. 相似文献
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万行全 《电网与水力发电进展》2005,(2):117-118,121
当电力系统稳定器的状态信号变化时,从一个控制器到另一个控制器的切换是自动完成的,没有扰动.两组增益极佳地配合:较低的回路增益在电力系统稳定器没有投入时使用,以保证发电机的稳态性能;较高的增益和PSS配合使用,以提高发电机在受到扰动后的瞬态和动态性能.这种原理已经用于实践当中,结果表明是非常有效的.…… 相似文献
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李文锋 《电网与水力发电进展》2007,23(11):21-23
通过西北电网扰动试验振荡波形的对比,分析了电力系统稳定器(PSS)可达到增加系统阻尼、抑制电网低频振荡的效果.结果表明,基于现场测试的相位补偿法配置PSS,对大区振荡模式和本地振荡模式都能提供良好的正阻尼.该方法具有较好的适应性和鲁棒性. 相似文献
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《电气工程学报》2015,(6)
针对电力系统低频振荡问题,在运用阻尼转矩对单机无穷大系统分析低频振荡机理与特点的基础上,对低频振荡经验模态分解时存在的端点效应问题进行了理论分析与改进,提出了一种基于端点优化对称延拓法的有效改进EMD分解边界效应的HHT算法对电力系统低频振荡进行辨识。通过对测试信号进行仿真,同时也利用广域FNET监测系统的测试结果进行低频振荡参数辨识及抑制实验,研究了该算法在模式辨识方面的有效性和准确性。仿真和实验表明,基于改进HHT算法的低频振荡辨识方法能快速高精度地辨识出振荡模态信息,并能有效指导电力系统稳定器PSS的配置及参数设计,从而维持电力系统的安全与稳定。 相似文献
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Woody biomass in Finland and Sweden comprises mainly four wood species: spruce, pine, birch and aspen. To study the ash, which may cause problems for the combustion device, one tree of each species were cut down and prepared for comparisons with fuel samples. Well-defined samples of wood, bark and foliage were analyzed on 11 ash-forming elements: Si, Al, Fe, Ca, Mg, Mn, Na, K, P, S and Cl. The ash content in the wood tissues (0.2–0.7%) was low compared to the ash content in the bark tissues (1.9–6.4%) and the foliage (2.4–7.7%). The woods’ content of ash-forming elements was consequently low; the highest contents were of Ca (410–1340 ppm) and K (200–1310), followed by Mg (70–290), Mn (15–240) and P (0–350). Present in the wood was also Si (50–190), S (50–200) and Cl (30–110). The bark tissues showed much higher element contents; Ca (4800–19,100 ppm) and K (1600–6400) were the dominating elements, followed by Mg (210–2400), P (210–1200), Mn (110–1100) and S (310–750), but the Cl contents (40–330) were only moderately higher in the bark than in the wood. The young foliage (shoots and deciduous leaves) had the highest K (7100–25,000 ppm), P (1600–5300) and S (1100–2600) contents of all tissues, while the shoots of spruce had the highest Cl contents (820–1360) and its needles the highest Si content (5000–11,300). This paper presented a new approach in fuel characterization: the method excludes the presence of impurities, and focus on different categories of plant tissues. This made it possible to discuss the contents of ash element in a wide spectrum of fuel-types, which are of large importance for the energy production in Finland and Sweden. 相似文献
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《热能动力工程》2014,(5)
正1 ABSTRACT To reduce the effect of global warming on our climate,the levels of CO2emissions should be reduced.One way to do this is to increase the efficiency of electricity production from fossil fuels.This will in turn reduce the amount of CO2emissions for a given power output.Using US practice for efficiency calculations,then a move from a typical US plant running at 37%efficiency to a 760℃/38.5 MPa(1 400/5 580 psi)plant running at 48%efficiency would reduce CO2emissions by 170kg/MW.hr or 25%. 相似文献
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The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the advantages of the direct surface-curvature distribution blade-design method, originally proposed by Korakianitis, for the leading-edge design of turbine blades, and by extension for other types of airfoil shapes. The leading edge shape is critical in the blade design process, and it is quite difficult to completely control with inverse, semi-inverse or other direct-design methods. The blade-design method is briefly reviewed, and then the effort is concentrated on smoothly blending the leading edge shape (circle or ellipse, etc.) with the main part of the blade surface, in a manner that avoids leading-edge flow-disturbance and flow-separation regions. Specifically in the leading edge region we return to the second-order (parabolic) construction line coupled with a revised smoothing equation between the leading-edge shape and the main part of the blade. The Hodson–Dominy blade has been used as an example to show the ability of this blade-design method to remove leading-edge separation bubbles in gas turbine blades and other airfoil shapes that have very sharp changes in curvature near the leading edge. An additional gas turbine blade example has been used to illustrate the ability of this method to design leading edge shapes that avoid leading-edge separation bubbles at off-design conditions. This gas turbine blade example has inlet flow angle 0°, outlet flow angle −64.3°, and tangential lift coefficient 1.045, in a region of parameters where the leading edge shape is critical for the overall blade performance. Computed results at incidences of −10°, −5°, +5°, +10° are used to illustrate the complete removal of leading edge flow-disturbance regions, thus minimizing the possibility of leading-edge separation bubbles, while concurrently minimizing the stagnation pressure drop from inlet to outlet. These results using two difficult example cases of leading edge geometries illustrate the superiority and utility of this blade-design method when compared with other direct or inverse blade-design methods. 相似文献
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A chemical reactor for the steam-gasification of carbonaceous particles (e.g. coal, coke) is considered for using concentrated solar radiation as the energy source of high-temperature process heat. A two-phase reactor model that couples radiative, convective, and conductive heat transfer to the chemical kinetics is applied to optimize the reactor geometrical configuration and operational parameters (feedstock's initial particle size, feeding rates, and solar power input) for maximum reaction extent and solar-to-chemical energy conversion efficiency of a 5 kW prototype reactor and its scale-up to 300 kW. For the 300 kW reactor, complete reaction extent is predicted for an initial feedstock particle size up to 35 μm at residence times of less than 10 s and peak temperatures of 1818 K, yielding high-quality syngas with a calorific content that has been solar-upgraded by 19% over that of the petcoke gasified. 相似文献
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As part of a pilot study investigating the role of microorganisms in the immobilisation of As, Sb, B, Tl and Hg, the inorganic geochemistry of seven different active sinter deposits and their contact fluids were characterised. A comprehensive series of sequential extractions for a suite of trace elements was carried out on siliceous sinter and a mixed silica-carbonate sinter. The extractions showed whether metals were loosely exchangeable or bound to carbonate, oxide, organic or crystalline fractions. Hyperthermophilic microbial communities associated with sinters deposited from high temperature (92–94°C) fluids at a variety of geothermal sources were investigated using SEM. The rapidity and style of silicification of the hyperthermophiles can be correlated with the dissolved silica content of the fluid. Although high concentrations of Hg and Tl were found associated with the organic fraction of the sinters, there was no evidence to suggest that any of the heavy metals were associated preferentially with the hyperthermophiles at the high temperature (92–94°C) ends of the terrestrial thermal spring ecosystems studied. 相似文献
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The physical aspects of the activation energy, in higher and high temperatures, of the metal creep process were examined. The research results of creep-rupture in a uniaxial stress state and the criterion of creep-rupture in biaxial stress states, at two temperatures, are then presented. For these studies creep-rupture, taking case iron as an example the energy and pseudoenergy activation was determined. For complex stress states the criterion of creep-rupture was taken to be Sdobyrev's, i.e. σred = σ1 β + (1 − β)σi, where: σ1-maximal principal stress, σi-stress intensity, β-material constant (at variable temperature β = β(T)). The methods of assessment of the material ageing grade are given in percentages of ageing of new material in the following mechanical properties: 1) creep strength in uniaxial stress state, 2) activation energy in uniaxial stress state, 3) criterion creep strength in complex stress states, 4) activation pseudoenergy in complex stress states. The methods 1) and 3) are the relatively simplest because they result from experimental investigations only at nominal temperature of the structure work, however, for methods 2) and 4) it is necessary to perform the experimental investigations at least at two temperatures. 相似文献
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Jaime Massanet-Nicolau Alan Guwy Richard Dinsdale Giuliano Premier Sandra Esteves 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2010
Hydrogen was produced from primary sewage biosolids via mesophilic anaerobic fermentation in a continuously fed bioreactor. Prior to fermentation the sewage biosolids were heated to 70 °C for 1 h to inactivate methanogens and during fermentation a cellulose degrading enzyme was added to improve substrate availability. Hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 18, 24, 36 and 48 h were evaluated for the duration of hydrogen production. Without sparging a hydraulic retention time of 24 h resulted in the longest period of hydrogen production (3 days), during which a hydrogen yield of 21.9 L H2 kg−1 VS added to the bioreactor was achieved. Methods of preventing the decline of hydrogen production during continuous fermentation were evaluated. Of the techniques evaluated using nitrogen gas to sparge the bioreactor contents proved to be more effective than flushing just the headspace of the bioreactor. Sparging at 0.06 L L min−1 successfully prevented a decline in hydrogen production and resulted in a yield of 27.0 L H2 kg−1 VS added, over a period of greater than 12 days or 12 HRT. The use of sparging also delayed the build up of acetic acid in the bioreactor, suggesting that it serves to inhibit homoacetogenesis and thus maintain hydrogen production. 相似文献