基于分形理论的语音增强

在分析了语音信号与随机噪声在不同尺度上进行小波变换时其传递特性不同的特征表现及其特点之后．给出了一种新的基于分形维数的语音信号增强方法。该方法根据带噪语音信号及子渡重构之后的分形维数不同对语音信号的小波变换系数作不同的阈值处理。既抑制了噪声，又减少了语音段的信息的损失，提高了佶噪比。仿真结果表明，这是一种有效的语音增强、去噪的方法。     

基于DWT变换的语音信息隐藏技术研究

本文基于小波域低频系数模数运算,提出了一种将数字水印隐藏在公开语音中的语音信息隐藏算法.我们将降维处理后的二值水印嵌入到音频信号的低频小波系数中,然后对低频小波系数进行模数运算,并根据运算结果对音频系数值进行修改,嵌入水印.提取时按照同样方法,将音频信号小波分解得到的低频系数进行模数运算,升维后得到提取水印.仿真实验表明,该水印算法在噪声、滤波、重量化和重采样等攻击时具有较好的鲁棒性.     

一种基于多重统计量分析的稳健语音信息隐藏算法

本文提出了一种基于多重统计量分析的小波域语音信息隐藏算法.该算法首先将载体语音信号分成若干包含相同采样点的帧,利用短时能量以及过零率找出属于浊音段的帧分别进行多尺度离散小波分解,提取小波分解后的低频系数;然后对低频系数进行分组并计算各组系数的能量、绝对值方差等统计量的值,根据各组统计值的比较及嵌入的秘密信息比特值,采用不改变或者适当调节各组统计值大小关系的方法来隐藏信息.该算法只在语音的浊音段嵌入信息,充分考虑了人耳的听觉特性.实验结果表明:算法可以盲检测,对加噪、低通滤波、重采样、重量化等攻击均具有良好的稳健性.     

基于多尺度分析的混沌态Boost电路的分形研究

分形维数是混沌吸引子的重要特征参数,而小波变换是一种多尺度分析工具。该文研究了混沌信号的自相似性及其不同尺度小波变换系数的特性,推导出计算混沌信号分形维数的多尺度计算方法,并对Boost电路混沌信号的分形维数进行了仿真计算,清楚刻画了其混沌吸引子的分形特性。     

基于混合变换域的数字水印算法

提出了一种基于二维离散小波变换(DWT)和离散余弦变换(DCT)的混合变换域数字水印算法。通过小波变换得到载体图像的高频和低频系数,将低频系数作为一个子图像;再将二值水印图像置乱并编码,在子图像的离散余弦变换得到的系数中嵌入水印。该方法在水印检测和提取过程中都不需要原始图像。实验表明该方法水印隐藏性好,鲁棒性较好,抵抗放缩和局部攻击有很好的表现。     

基于小波变换的语音压缩感知处理

文章首先简单介绍了压缩感知(CS)理论框架,然后根据语音信号小波变换系数的特点,提出了改进的压缩感知算法,对高频系数进行压缩处理,低频系数不变.采用基追踪算法重构出高频系数,再利用小波反变换得到原始语音信号.实验结果表明,在相同的测量点数下,本文的算法比原有CS算法在重构语音的信噪比和MOS分上都有较大的提升.     

基于图像小波变换低频系数的数字水印算法

提出一种基于小波变换且具有图像自适应性的数字水印算法.通过小波变换将图像分解成不同空间与频率的系数,这些系数之间存在一种树结构关系,利用树结构关系对最低频系数进行分类,对不同类采用不同的嵌入对策,将水印信号嵌入在最低层逼近系数中,而现有基于小波变换的算法将水印嵌入在各个方向的中频或高频系数中.实验结果表明,该算法具有不可见性,对于通常的图像失真具有较好的鲁棒性,说明最低频成分并不是水印的禁区.     

一种新的语音增强方法研究

在研究语音分形维数的基础上，提出一种新的基于分形理论的语音信号增强方法。该方法根据带噪语音信号及子波重构之后的分形维数不同，对语音信号的模糊控制参数和分形维数取不同的线性关系，既抑制了噪声，又减少了语音段的信息的损失，提高了信噪比，有广阔的应用前景。     

一种基于小波变换的同步盲水印算法研究

介绍了一种基于小波变换的同步盲水印算法,该算法首先将二值水印图像置乱后经过降维操作转换成为一维序列.并用m序列作同步信号与水印序列一起组成嵌入序列,嵌入到音频信号的小波变换域低频系数中.在水印检测时不需要原始音频信号参与.实验表明,该算法具有较好的鲁棒性.     

Shearlet变换和奇异值分解的图像隐藏方法

为了更好地平衡Shearlet域图像隐藏不可见性、鲁棒性和算法时间复杂度之间的关系,提出了一种基于Shearlet变换和奇异值分解的图像隐藏方法。利用Shearlet变换的能量聚集性、小波包分解低频子带抗攻击性强和矩阵奇异值良好的稳定性,载体图像先进行Shearlet分解,得到的低频子带再进行二级小波包分解。将秘密图像的重要信息位平面隐藏到小波包分解低频系数的奇异值矩阵中,次要信息嵌入Shearlet高频子带中。实验表明,该算法对高斯噪声、滤波和剪切等攻击都有较好的鲁棒性,同时,不可见性较好,时间复杂度较低。     

汉字的分形性及其计盒维数的统计分析

本文首次把分形理论用于研究汉字，实验显示出汉字具有分形特性－标度不变性，在此基础上，本文对国际一级字库３７５５个汉字的分形维数－计盒维数进行计算统计，得到了其统计分布规律，实验结果表明，计盒维数较好地反映了汉字笔划，结构的繁杂程度和不规则性，这些新的发现表明将分形理论用于汉字信息处理（识别，压缩，笔迹鉴别等）具有巨大的潜力和应用前景。     

The rate-distortion dimension of sets and measures

Data compression of independent samples drawn from a fractal set is considered. The asymptotic ratio of rate to magnitude log distortion characterizes the effective dimension occupied by the underlying distribution. This quantity is shown to be identical to Renyi's (1959) information dimension. For self-similar fractal sets this dimension is distribution dependent-in sharp contrast with the behavior of absolutely continuous measures. The rate-distortion dimension of a set is defined as the maximal rate-distortion dimension for distributions supported on this set. Kolmogorov's metric dimension is an upper bound on the rate-distortion dimension, while the Hausdorff dimension is a lower bound. Examples of sets for which the rate-distortion dimension differs from these bounds are provided     

基于小波分维的红外图像边缘检测

根据小波变换与分形理论在认识事物的本质上都是基于从总体向局部、从宏观向微观的自相似原理,提出一种以小波作为标尺来定义分维数的思想,将小波变换看作是用小波标尺对信号进行度量,建立一种以信号的细节分量之和作为度量参数的小波分维数.应用小波分维数对红外图像进行边缘提取,实验结果表明该方法简单有效、优于传统的几种边缘提取算子.     

多重分形熵与多重分维谱

本文从分形信息论观点了，考察多重测度分形，导出基于分形熵比的多重分形维谱函数，人们所熟知的常用以代替分形维数的各种度量将在分维谱意义下加以统一，最后讨论多重分形及其分维谱的应用。     

A novel approach to diagnose diabetes based on the fractal characteristics of retinal images

A novel diagnostic scheme to develop quantitative indexes of diabetes is introduced in this paper. The fractal dimension of the vascular distribution is estimated because we discovered that the fractal dimension of a severe diabetic patient's retinal vascular distribution appears greater than that of a normal human's. The issue of how to yield an accurate fractal dimension is to use high-quality images. To achieve a better image-processing result, an appropriate image-processing algorithm is adopted in this paper. Another important fractal feature introduced in this paper is the measure of lacunarity, which describes the characteristics of fractals that have the same fractal dimension but different appearances. For those vascular distributions in the same fractal dimension, further classification can be made using the degree of lacunarity. In addition to the image-processing technique, the resolution of original image is also discussed here. In this paper, the influence of the image resolution upon the fractal dimension is explored. We found that a low-resolution image cannot yield an accurate fractal dimension. Therefore, an approach for examining the lower bound of image resolution is also proposed in this paper. As for the classification of diagnosis results, four different approaches are compared to achieve higher accuracy. In this study, the fractal dimension and the measure of lacunarity have shown their significance in the classification of diabetes and are adequate for use as quantitative indexes.     

Analysis of bone X-rays using morphological fractals

The authors have applied mathematical morphology for fractal analysis on bone X-ray images. The digitized gray level image is treated as a three-dimensional surface whose fractal dimension is calculated by performing a series of dilations on this surface and plotting the area of the resulting set of surfaces against the size of the structuring element. This approach has the added advantage of encoding structural information via the use of a structuring element. The algorithm has been applied to several bone radiographs, and the results demonstrate that the fractal dimension using mathematical morphology gives a robust texture measure of trabecular bone structures.     

Multifractal analysis of human retinal vessels

In this paper, it is shown that vascular structures of the human retina represent geometrical multifractals, characterized by a hierarchy of exponents rather then a single fractal dimension. A number of retinal images from the STARE database are analyzed, corresponding to both normal and pathological states of the retina. In all studied cases, a clearly multifractal behavior is observed, where capacity dimension is always found to be larger then the information dimension, which is in turn always larger then the correlation dimension, all the three being significantly lower then the diffusion limited aggregation (DLA) fractal dimension. We also observe a tendency of images corresponding to the pathological states of the retina to have lower generalized dimensions and a shifted spectrum range, in comparison with the normal cases.     

一种基于地形分析的航线规划算法研究

文章论述了分形、分数维的基本概念,以及分数布朗运动的数学模型.结合实际又推导了地形分数维和方差值的求解方法.提出了航线规划选取流程,着重研究了用分数维地形分析方法进行超低空无人机航线规划的算法流程,对两幅地形图进行了实验分析.分数维数表征了局部地形粗糙的程度;方差值表征了地形起伏的程度;信息熵表征了在某一具体方向上的地形变化情况.     

基于局部模糊分形维度的图像边缘检测算法

介绍了一种局部模糊分形维度,并将该技术应用到图像边缘检测中.将像素覆盖方法推广到N维模糊离散集分形维度的计算就得到了局部模糊分形维度.给出了局部图像的LFFD计算流程和基于LFFD的图像边缘检测方法.采用实例验证了本文的算法,实例结果显示,本文的算法是正确的、可行的和有效的.     

Fractal feature analysis and classification in medical imaging

Following B.B. Mandelbrot's fractal theory (1982), it was found that the fractal dimension could be obtained in medical images by the concept of fractional Brownian motion. An estimation concept for determination of the fractal dimension based upon the concept of fractional Brownian motion is discussed. Two applications are found: (1) classification; (2) edge enhancement and detection. For the purpose of classification, a normalized fractional Brownian motion feature vector is defined from this estimation concept. It represented the normalized average absolute intensity difference of pixel pairs on a surface of different scales. The feature vector uses relatively few data items to represent the statistical characteristics of the medial image surface and is invariant to linear intensity transformation. For edge enhancement and detection application, a transformed image is obtained by calculating the fractal dimension of each pixel over the whole medical image. The fractal dimension value of each pixel is obtained by calculating the fractal dimension of 7x7 pixel block centered on this pixel.