3G和WLAN集成网络中的QoS的研究

将WLAN和3G结合,已经成为一种趋势.因此,需要考虑WLAN和3G结合的QoS问题.在这篇论文中,主要研究了将3G和802.11e相结合,为WLAN和3G集成网络的用户提供端到端的QoS业务.通过仿真,研究了WLAN误码率对3G业务类别传输吞吐量的影响.     

3G/WLAN交互网络

3G／WLAN系统的交互，通过无线局域网（WLAN）接入控制功能增加新业务功能，如先进业务支持、实时对等IP通信等；通过引进WLAN和蜂窝IP连接不同类型动态交换；利用多种接入技术和用户内部先进技术来提供不中断业务和可靠安全接入.3G／WLAN是迈向新一代无线移动网络的关键，在系统性能上具有巨大的技术优势，同时也将发挥出巨大的市场潜力。3G通信系统标准组织（3GPP）把3G／WLAN交互系统作为3GPP的附加标准。在移动环境中，3G／WLAN网络双模终端可提供无处不在、带宽可变、服务质量（QoS）可保证的多种高速率业务。     

WLAN与WCDMA融合的解决方案

文章分析了WLAN和3G的特点,介绍了WLAN和WCDMA融合的6种解决方案,讨论了WLAN和3G融合时的认证和计费解决方案,最后简要描述了中兴通讯提供的全系列的WLAN解决方案.     

WLAN＋3G混合组网及建设策略研究

随着3G牌照的发放,我国电信业已迎来3G时代,3G给人们带来了丰富多彩的多媒体应用。通过3G和WLAN系统的混合组网,才能充分发挥资源利用率,为用户提供高品质的数据业务支持,通过WLAN,快速而低成本地开展移动高速数据业务。     

WLAN＋3G混合组网及建设策略研究

随着3G牌照的发放．我国电信业已迎来3G时代,3G给人们带来了丰富多彩的多媒体应用。通过3G和WLAN系统的混合组网．才能充分发挥资源利用率．为用户提供高品质的数据业务支持．通过WLAN．快速而低成本地开展移动高速数据业务。     

3G网络与WLAN协同规划之探讨

分析了WLAN的技术特点、承载能力、应用场景;探讨了3G网络如何与WLAN协同规划;指出WLAN可作为3G网络的有效补充,和业主充分合作,在公共热点区域建设WLAN,以分流3G网络的高速数据流量,提升3G网络质量,改善用户体验;最后就如何充分发挥WLAN的作用提出了建议。     

一种基于3G技术的WLAN网络安全认证方法研究

目前,3G技术与WLAN网络的融合已经成为热门的研究课题,然而现今整合WLAN与3G系统仍然有一些安全方面的问题存在.如何确保两者融合的安全是一个摆在各级政府面前的首要任务.本文首先分析了3G技术与WLAN互联的背景以及安全相关问题;其次研究分析互联网络中的EAP-AKA认证协议,指出安全机制的不足之处.最后,提出了一...     

3G与WLAN的兼容和竞争

文章介绍了3G和WLAN的标准和技术发展现状,并分别对3G和WLAN的发展前景进行了分析;重点探讨了3G和WLAN之间竞争和兼容的关系,指出3G和WLAN技术的充分融合是未来通信发展的必然趋势。     

运营商WLAN优化案例分析

随着电信运营商3G及WLAN无线宽带服务的推进,运营商在建设3G移动网络的同时,作为覆盖的补充,也在热点地区建设了WLAN无线宽带网络。在这些热点地区,用户可以通过WLAN的接入方式获得较佳的无线宽带体验。     

WLAN与3G网络协同建设的探讨

随着3G网络的快速发展,WLAN与3G网络的协同发展成为一个热点话题。本文简单介绍了WLAN的技术概况,并对WLAN的发展前景进行了分析。同时,对WLAN与3G的协同发展策略提出了建议。     

An enhanced TCP for upward vertical handoff in integrated WLAN and cellular networks

The integration of wireless local area networks (WLANs) and third generation (3G) cellular networks has been recently a subject of great interest, mainly aimed at augmenting cellular networks with high‐rate data services by WLANs in hotspots. The complementary characteristics of 3G cellular networks and 802.11 WLANs are expected to offer the best of both technologies. On the other hand, the drastically different characteristics of both networks could be a serious obstacle to providing seamless mobility in the integrated WLAN and cellular networks. In particular, mobile users suffer from a drastic decrease in data rate after a vertical handoff from a WLAN to a 3G cellular network. However, current TCP congestion control cannot adapt to the change in the data rate after the vertical handoff, resulting in significant throughput degradation. Thus, we propose a novel TCP scheme to enhance the throughput when a vertical handoff occurs from a WLAN to a cellular network. For the proposed scheme, the throughput performance is investigated via analytic modeling and simulation. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Authentication and Billing Protocols for the Integration of WLAN and 3G Networks

Wireless communications have developed rapidly and have been applied for many services. Cellular (the third-generation) mobile networks and wireless local area network (WLAN) are two important technologies for providing wireless communications. The third-generation (3G) networks provide wider service areas, and “always-o” and ubiquitous connectivity with low-speed data rate. WLAN networks offer higher data rate and the easy compatibility of wired Internet, but cover smaller areas. In fact, 3G and WLAN possess complementary properties. Integrating 3G and WLAN networks may offer subscribers high-speed wireless data services and ubiquitous connectivity. For integrating two heterogeneous networks, several issues should be involved, authentication, billing, quality of service, and seamless roaming between 3G and WLAN networks. In this paper, we address the authentication and billing problems and propose two protocols that provide both authentication and billing services. One protocol utilizes a one-time password approach to authenticate subscribers. This protocol is efficient in both computation time and authentication procedures. Because of the restrictions of the password-based approach, this protocol could not offer the non-repudiation property for the billing problem. Another protocol is constructed on a public-key-based system (i.e., certificates). Although it requires more computation time than the password-based approach, non-repudiation is guaranteed. Performance analysis simulation results are given to validate our two protocols.     

WCDMA and WLAN for 3G and beyond

The WCDMA air interface was initially designed to support a wide variety of services with different QoS requirements having a maximum bit rate of 2 Mb/s. In order to satisfy the future service and application needs several technical enhancements are being studied and standardized for WCDMA in 3GPP. Even with evolved WCDMA, there is a need for another public wireless access solution to cover the demand for data-intensive applications and enable smooth online access to corporate data services in hot spots. This need could be fulfilled by WLAN together with a high-data-rate cellular WCDMA system. WLAN offers an interesting possibility for cellular operators to offer additional capacity and higher bandwidths for end users without sacrificing the capacity of cellular users. The evolved WCDMA air interface will provide better performance and higher bit rates than basic WCDMA, based on first releases of the specifications. Eventually, evolution may not be the answer to all the needs, and come revolutionary concepts need to be considered. However, before some future wireless system can be regarded as belonging to 4G it must possess capabilities that by far exceed those of 3G systems like WCDMA. Judging from an application and services point of view, one distinguishing factor between 3G and 4G will still be the data rate. We could define that 4G should support at least 100 Mb/s peak data rates in full-mobility wide area coverage and 1 Gb/s in low-mobility local area coverage. Other possible characteristics of 4G need to be further studied.     

A Robust Authentication Protocol with Non-Repudiation Service for Integrating WLAN and 3G Network

The third-generation cellular systems provide great coverage, complete subscriber management and nearly universal roaming. Nevertheless, 3G systems suffer the high installation cost and low bandwidth. Though WLAN provides hot spot coverage with high data rates, it lacks roaming and mobility support. From users' points of views, the integration of WLAN and 3G systems is an attractive way that will provide them a convenient access to network. When integrating WLAN and 3G, there are still some problems should be concerned in terms of authentication and security, such as authentication efficiency and repudiation problem. In this paper, we review the authentication scheme for WLAN and 3G/UMTS interworking which is specified by 3GPP and propose a robust localized fast authentication protocol with non-repudiation service for integrating WLAN and 3G network. The localized re-authentication protocol can shorten the authentication time delay. On the other hand, with the non-repudiation service, the assumption, that subscriber has to fully trust 3G home operator, can be deleted and the trust management between the independent WLAN operator, 3G visited operator and 3G home operator can be eliminated. In other words, our proposed protocol provides legal evidences to prevent the 3G home operator from overcharge toward the subscriber and also prevent the WLAN operator and 3G visited operator from overcharge toward the 3G home operator. The authentication protocol employs HMAC, hash-chaining techniques, and public-key digital signature to achieve localized fast re-authentication and non-repudiation service.     

Authentications and Key Management in 3G-WLAN Interworking

The successful deployment of WLAN for high speed data transmission and 3G cellular systems for wide coverage and global roaming has emerged to be a complementary platform for wireless data communications. But security in the 3G-WLAN interworking, especially the efficient authentication and valid key management, has been remaining a challenging issue. What’s more, some emerging security challenges are neglected by 3GPP specifications as well as the previous studies. This paper first analyzes and evaluates the current contributions in this field, and then puts forward some design issues. Thereafter, by modifying the EAP-AKA keying framework we propose an improved authentication scheme which enables a WLAN user to efficiently access packet switch services through the 3G networks. What’s more, through the new keying framework the user can efficiently realize the future re-authentications and handover authentications. The proposed authentication scheme, the corresponding re-authentications and handover authentications are simulated, and results indicate that our scheme can reduce authentication latency significantly.     

3G与WLAN的网络融合

随着3G移动通信应用业务不断丰富,通信网络的承载能力与大流量高宽带的业务需求之间的矛盾日益增加。3G技术难以支撑大量的数据用户的多媒体应用的需求。WLAN作为具有高性价比和大规模部署能力的无线数据技术,可以很好地卸载3G的压力。所以3G＋WLAN互为补充的发展战略成为运营商的共同选择。本文回顾了多种3G和WLAN相结合...     

Interworking techniques and architectures for WLAN/3G integration toward 4G mobile data networks

The intense wireless LAN standardization and R&D activities worldwide, combines with the recent successful deployment of WLANs, provide prime evidence that WLAN technology will play a key role in the fourth generation of mobile data networks. In this context, there is a strong need to integrate WLANs with 3G mobile data networks and develop hybrid mobile data networks capable of ubiquitous data services and very high data rates in strategic locations. This article addresses this need by proposing and discussing some novel architectures able to provide internetworking between WLAN and 3G networks, and meet the requirements of the most common internetworking scenarios. These architectures can enable 3G subscribers to benefit from high-throughput IP connectivity in hotspots and also to attain service roaming across several radio access technologies, such as IEEE 802.11, HiperLan/2, ULTRAN, and GERAN.     

3GPP网络同WLAN的互连

WLAN技术作为一种无线接入方式,可以作为3G接入技术的补充,为3G用户提供高速、稳定的数据业务.本文在3GPP所做研究的基础上简要分析了GPRS/UMTS和WLAN的互连,阐述了网络架构,认证、授权和计费过程等相关问题.     

Analysis of Sub-Carrier Multiplexed Radio Over Fiber Link for the Simultaneous Support of WLAN and WCDMA Systems

The present third generation (3G) wireless technology can provide data oriented applications. However, the bit rate is limited to around 2 Mbps with limited mobility. Today, more applications demand high data rate and reasonable mobility. Therefore, by integrating 3G cellular system and wireless local area network (WLAN), there is a potential to push the data rate higher. This integration means 3G cellular users can enjoy high data rate at a location that is within WLAN coverage area. Similarly, WLAN users also can have data services as long as they are under the coverage of the 3G cellular system. The 3G cellular system has a much larger coverage than the WLAN. In this paper, we present the first step toward an integration of the two systems. This paper presents a fiber-wireless architecture that simultaneously supports the wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) system and the IEEE 802.11b WLAN. Our approach uses sub-carrier multiplexed (SCM) architecture to combine and transmit 2.4 GHz WLAN and 1.9 GHz WCDMA signals through an optical fiber from a central base station (CBS) to a radio access point (RAP, single antenna unit). After the fiber, the signals continue to propagate through the air interface to respective mobile stations. The WLAN access point is also located at the CBS. For the SCM architecture, we investigate three areas: i) the signal to noise ratio of the uplink and the downlink, ii) the cell coverage area for the WCDMA and WLAN systems, and iii) the throughput of the IEEE 802.11b WLAN. Our results show that with up to 2.5 km cell radius, better than 18 dB SNR is possible with 5 km fiber link for WLAN system. Simultaneously, the WCDMA system has at least 18 dB SNR for a cell coverage radius of 8 km. These numbers depend on the relative RF power of each system in the fiber.Roland M.C. Yuen received a Bachelor of Electrical Engineering degree in 2003 from Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada. He is pursuing a Master of Applied Science degree at Ryerson University. He has a conference paper. His research interests are in the area of optical and wireless communications.Currently, he works on unique fiber based architecture to extend the capability of cellular networks and support wireless LANs simultaneously.Xavier N. Fernando () obtained B.Sc. Eng. (First Class Honors) degree from Sri Lanka, where he was first out of 250 students. He got Master’s degree from the Asian Institute of Technology (Bangkok) Ph.D. from the University of Calgary, Canada in affiliation with TRLabs. He has worked for AT&T for three years as an R&D Engineer. Currently he is an Assistant Professor at Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada.Dr. Fernando one US patent and about 38 peer reviewed publications in journals and conference proceedings. His research focuses on signal processing for cost-effective broadband multimedia delivery via optical wireless networks. Dr. Fernando′s work won the best research paper award in the Canadian Conference of Electrical and Computer Engineering for the year 2001. His student projects won both the first and second prize at Opto Canada – the SPIE regional conference in Ottawa in 2002. He is a senior member of IEEE, member of SPIE, Chair of the IEEE Communications Society Toronto Chapter and licensed Professional Engineer in Ontario, Canada. He has many research grants including Canadian Foundation of Innovations (CFI), Ontario Innovations Trust (OIT) and Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada.     

User-Centric Offloading to WLAN in WLAN/3G Vehicular Networks

In recent years, there has been a growing demand in 3G data services, leading to deteriorating 3G service quality. Noting that Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) as well as 3G cellular networks are widely available today, WLANs could be effectively utilized to relieve the overload in the 3G networks. On the other hand, use of IEEE 802.11 WLAN Access Points (APs) has proliferated tremendously, resulting in a communication device inside a mobile vehicle to access the Internet. However, using Internet through APs in moving vehicles is challenging since WLAN APs have a short range and are typically not deployed to cover all roads. Several studies have investigated the performance of using intermittently available WLAN connectivity from moving vehicles for data transfers and predictive offloading in WLAN/3G networks. However, these works have not addressed mobility pattern from the viewpoint that drivers’ mobility is generally known to have a daily routine. Therefore, in this paper, we consider the user’s historical mobility to decide to offload data to WLAN instead of switching to 3G network. The user’s application usage pattern is also considered into predicting available WLANs. To evaluate the performance of our offloading algorithm, we analyze the prediction error and conduct simulations. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm achieves shorter transmission time than the existing schemes that do not consider user’s mobility pattern by delivering more data to the WLANs.