基于多语义关系的个性化查询扩展方法*

随着数字内容不断增长,信息检索技术已经不能满足不同用户对高精度信息内容获取的需求.文中提出基于多语义关系的个性化查询扩展方法,并应用于基于社会化标签的个性化搜索系统.模型使用标签-主题模型对用户兴趣模型进行建模,能够更有效地表达语义和提升搜索效果.在此基础上,进一步提出基于多语义关系的个性化查询扩展方法,利用社会化标签的多重语义特征进行扩展词的选择.在大规模真实社会化标签数据集上的实验表明,文中方法优于非个性化搜索及其它基于社会化标签系统的个性化查询扩展方法.     

基于标准标签的用户兴趣模型研究

信息大爆炸的网络时代,个性化推荐是解决信息“超负载”的有效办法。用户兴趣模型是个性化推荐的核心,关系着整个推荐系统的推荐质量。标签一直被用于资源分类,在个性化推荐方面却很少使用。本文采取向量空间模型的建模方法,利用个性化标签描述用户兴趣,并提出一套简洁有效的标签标准化方法—基于属性共现率的标签标准化以及基于聚类的标签标准化方法对用户的自定义标签进行标准化。该模型能有效降低用户兴趣模型的向量维数,避免分析标签语义的复杂过程,且能够从用户的角度贴切地表达用户兴趣,实验结果表明该模型有助于提高个性化推荐的服务质量。     

个性化的社会标签查询扩展技术研究

随着互联网上的信息日益增长,个性化的搜索需求越来越迫切,由于用户兴趣的不同和行为的差异,如何为不同的用户提供不同的检索结果成为一个具有挑战性的问题。首先对现有搜索引擎的个性化信息检索和查询扩展技术进行了分类总结,分析了它们各自的优缺点。然后提出了基于社会化标签的个性化查询词扩展方法。这些方法通过从用户所收藏的社会化标签或标签所对应的网页中提取出和用户查询词相关的词,来对用户的初始查询进行扩展。最后利用Delicious网站上的用户数据,对比研究了这几种个性化查询扩展算法。通过与Google进行对比分析实验,结果表明所提出的社会化标签的个性化查询词扩展方法能够较好地满足用户的个性化需求,检索结果比Google的检索结果更接近用户需求。     

图书馆个性化推荐方法研究

当前,图书馆的馆藏书籍越来越多,虽然引入了信息化的图书馆管理系统,提供了个性化推荐,为读者在海量图书信息中推送图书信息。但是随着用户的兴趣不断的变化,如何准确的为读者推荐图书,该问题却还没有有效的解决办法。本文依据该问题,设计了贪婪标签算法,使用户兴趣标签随着读者的兴趣逐渐演化,保证了推送信息的有效性。     

应用模糊集理论的多因素兴趣度评价

互联网的信息急剧增加,用户越来越难以找到自己所需要的信息。针对目前个性化服务系统中用户兴趣难以获取的问题,提出了一种模糊综合评判评价用户兴趣的方法,实验表明具有较好的评价效果。     

社会化标签系统中个性化的用户建模方法

针对社会化标签系统中现有用户兴趣模型建立的缺陷,即：使用一些零散标签的集合来表示用户兴趣,而忽略标签的联合使用现象。提出一种将共现技术引入自然法的用户建模方法,该方法以自然法为基础,向用户模型中添加适量的标签对,较好地体现了标签之间的联系,又同时考虑了体现用户兴趣的标签自身的权重。在PKDD2009数据集上测试实验结果表明,该模型较之已提出的自然法和共现法,取得了更高的准确率和召回率。     

基于标签和PageRank的重要微博用户推荐算法

海量的微博信息使新进用户很难获取到其感兴趣的内容,重要微博用户推荐为新用户提供了一条有效获取信息的途径。目前,由于 用户间的关系没有被充分考虑及缺乏对用户个性化标签的处理,导致重要微博用户推荐的准确率不高。为此,提出了一种基于标签和PageRank的重要微博用户推荐算法。该算法首先对个性化标签进行分词、去噪、设置权重等处理,并将其作为用户兴趣的代表;然后根据PageRank计算模型来分析用户间的关系,结合标签相似度计算向新用户推荐与其兴趣相似的重要微博用户。 实验表明,该算法由于融入了对微博用户关系和用户个性化标签的重要性分析,因此与基于标签和协同过滤的个性化推荐算法相比 具有更高的重要微博用户推荐准确率。     

一种融合社会化标注系统中主题域相似的个性化排序方法

随着网络技术的发展,互联网中越来越多的资源被应用于信息检索中,大量的研究表明,社会化标注可以用于改善信息检索。现有个性化排序的方法中,用户之间的相似度大多通过其共同使用过的标签集来计算。然而,现实中用户标注数据存在稀疏性和标签同义词等问题,导致相似度计算并不准确。在前人研究的基础上,提出了一种融合主题域相似的个性化排序方法。该方法首先通过主题域的划分,将不同主题含义的网页及标签分开,通过构建的标签相似网络找出标签同义词。然后结合用户标签和主题偏好找出兴趣相近的用户,并对用户的标注信息进行扩展,从而能够有效地改善个性化信息检索的效果。在真实数据上的实验结果表明,该方法能有效缓解标注稀疏性和标签同义词问题,有助于改善用户检索体验。     

一种社会化标注系统资源个性化推荐方法

目前许多基于社化化标注的个性化资源推荐方法均忽视了用户长短期兴趣和多义标签问题对推荐的不同影响,为此,设计区分用户长短期兴趣的指标——用户的标签偏好权重和资源偏好权重;在此基础上,提出一种结合基于内容和基于协同过滤方法优点的混合推荐方法,通过加入标注相同资源的标签向量相似度计算因子,来减小多义标签对推荐结果的影响。实验表明,将该方法引入社会化标注系统资源个性化推荐算法中,能提高推荐精度。     

基于改进鱼群算法与张量分解的社会化标签推荐模型

基于大众分类法(folksonomy)的标签应用已逐渐成为一种重要的互联网内容组织方式,但随着数据规模的海量增长,产生了严重的信息过载问题,而传统的基于“用户-项目”二元关系的个性化推荐算法难以有效应对由“用户-项目-标签”所构成的三元关系。通过对基本人工鱼群算法进行改进,提出一种对标签推荐系统初始数据集进行聚类分析的方法,用以降低标签推荐系统的数据分析规模。在此基础上,综合考虑标签推荐系统中的元素权重以及反映用户偏好的评分信息,将元素权重和评分等级进行加权处理,以处理结果作为张量中的元素,建立了一种新的加权张量模型,并利用动态增量更新的张量分解算法进行模型求解,进而完成个性化的推荐。最后在两个真实的实验数据集上对比分析了所提算法(FTA)与另外两个经典标签推荐算法的推荐性能,实验结果表明FTA算法在准确率和召回率上均具有较好的表现。     

The evaluation of a social adaptive website for cultural events

In this paper, we present an evaluation of a social adaptive website in the domain of cultural events, iCITY DSA, which provides information about cultural resources and events that promote the cultural heritage in the city of Turin. Using this evaluation, our objective was to investigate the actual usage of a social adaptive website, in an effort to discover the real behavior of users, the unforeseen correlations among user actions and the consequent interactive behavior, the accuracy of both system and social recommendations and their impact on the users themselves, and the role of tagging in the user modeling process. The major contributions of the paper are manifold: insights into user interactions with social adaptive systems; guidelines for future designs; evaluation of the tagging activity and tag meanings in relation to the application domain and thus their impact on the representation of the user model; and a demonstration of how a combination and interplay of evaluation methodologies (e.g., quantitative and qualitative) can enhance our comprehension of evaluation data.     

Tag recommendation method in folksonomy based on user tagging status

A folksonomy consists of three basic entities, namely users, tags and resources. This kind of social tagging system is a good way to index information, facilitate searches and navigate resources. The main objective of this paper is to present a novel method to improve the quality of tag recommendation. According to the statistical analysis, we find that the total number of tags used by a user changes over time in a social tagging system. Thus, this paper introduces the concept of user tagging status, namely the growing status, the mature status and the dormant status. Then, the determining user tagging status algorithm is presented considering a user’s current tagging status to be one of the three tagging status at one point. Finally, three corresponding strategies are developed to compute the tag probability distribution based on the statistical language model in order to recommend tags most likely to be used by users. Experimental results show that the proposed method is better than the compared methods at the accuracy of tag recommendation.     

A framework for tag-aware recommender systems

In social tagging system, a user annotates a tag to an item. The tagging information is utilized in recommendation process. In this paper, we propose a hybrid item recommendation method to mitigate limitations of existing approaches and propose a recommendation framework for social tagging systems. The proposed framework consists of tag and item recommendations. Tag recommendation helps users annotate tags and enriches the dataset of a social tagging system. Item recommendation utilizes tags to recommend relevant items to users. We investigate association rule, bigram, tag expansion, and implicit trust relationship for providing tag and item recommendations on the framework. The experimental results show that the proposed hybrid item recommendation method generates more appropriate items than existing research studies on a real-world social tagging dataset.     

一种综合标签和时间因素的个性化推荐方法

针对现存的基于标签的社会化推荐系统在构建用户兴趣模型时存在的缺陷,提出一种综合标签及其时间信息的资源推荐(TTRR)模型。此模型考虑了用户的兴趣具有时间性的特点,即用户兴趣是随着时间而变化的、用户最近新打的标签更能反映用户近期的兴趣这一特性。为此,在借鉴协同过滤思想的基础上,通过利用标签使用频率信息和项目的标注时间来构建用户评分伪矩阵;在此基础上计算目标用户的最近邻集合;最后根据邻居用户给出推荐结果。通过在CiteULike数据集上进行实验,并与传统的基于标注的推荐方法进行比较,实验结果表明,TTRR模型能够更好地反映出用户的偏好,能够显著地提高推荐准确度。     

Understanding why users tag: A survey of tagging motivation literature and results from an empirical study

While recent progress has been achieved in understanding the structure and dynamics of social tagging systems, we know little about the underlying user motivations for tagging, and how they influence resulting folksonomies and tags. This paper addresses three issues related to this question. (1) What distinctions of user motivations are identified by previous research, and in what ways are the motivations of users amenable to quantitative analysis? (2) To what extent does tagging motivation vary across different social tagging systems? (3) How does variability in user motivation influence resulting tags and folksonomies? In this paper, we present measures to detect whether a tagger is primarily motivated by categorizing or describing resources, and apply these measures to datasets from seven different tagging systems. Our results show that (a) users’ motivation for tagging varies not only across, but also within tagging systems, and that (b) tag agreement among users who are motivated by categorizing resources is significantly lower than among users who are motivated by describing resources. Our findings are relevant for (1) the development of tag-based user interfaces, (2) the analysis of tag semantics and (3) the design of search algorithms for social tagging systems.     

Understanding why users tag: A survey of tagging motivation literature and results from an empirical study

While recent progress has been achieved in understanding the structure and dynamics of social tagging systems, we know little about the underlying user motivations for tagging, and how they influence resulting folksonomies and tags. This paper addresses three issues related to this question. (1) What distinctions of user motivations are identified by previous research, and in what ways are the motivations of users amenable to quantitative analysis? (2) To what extent does tagging motivation vary across different social tagging systems? (3) How does variability in user motivation influence resulting tags and folksonomies? In this paper, we present measures to detect whether a tagger is primarily motivated by categorizing or describing resources, and apply these measures to datasets from seven different tagging systems. Our results show that (a) users’ motivation for tagging varies not only across, but also within tagging systems, and that (b) tag agreement among users who are motivated by categorizing resources is significantly lower than among users who are motivated by describing resources. Our findings are relevant for (1) the development of tag-based user interfaces, (2) the analysis of tag semantics and (3) the design of search algorithms for social tagging systems.     

Cross-system user modeling and personalization on the Social Web

In order to adapt functionality to their individual users, systems need information about these users. The Social Web provides opportunities to gather user data from outside the system itself. Aggregated user data may be useful to address cold-start problems as well as sparse user profiles, but this depends on the nature of individual user profiles distributed on the Social Web. For example, does it make sense to re-use Flickr profiles to recommend bookmarks in Delicious? In this article, we study distributed form-based and tag-based user profiles, based on a large dataset aggregated from the Social Web. We analyze the completeness, consistency and replication of form-based profiles, which users explicitly create by filling out forms at Social Web systems such as Twitter, Facebook and LinkedIn. We also investigate tag-based profiles, which result from social tagging activities in systems such as Flickr, Delicious and StumbleUpon: to what extent do tag-based profiles overlap between different systems, what are the benefits of aggregating tag-based profiles. Based on these insights, we developed and evaluated the performance of several cross-system user modeling strategies in the context of recommender systems. The evaluation results show that the proposed methods solve the cold-start problem and improve recommendation quality significantly, even beyond the cold-start.     

融合社交行为和标签行为的推荐算法研究

针对传统推荐算法忽略用户社交影响、研究角度不全面和缺乏物理解释等问题,提出一个融合社交行为和标签行为的推荐算法。首先用引力模型计算社交网络中用户节点之间的吸引力来度量用户社交行为的相似性;其次通过标签信息构建用户喜好物体模型,并使用引力公式计算喜好物体之间的引力来度量标签行为的相似性。最后,引入变量融合两方面信息,获取近邻用户,产生推荐。采用Last.fm数据集进行实验研究,结果说明推荐算法的准确率和召回率更高。     

Integrating ontology technology with folksonomies for personalized social tag recommendation

Social tagging systems leverage social interoperability by facilitating the searching, sharing, and exchanging of tagging resources. A major drawback of existing social tagging systems is that social tags are used as keywords in keyword-based search. They focus on keywords and human interpretability rather than on computer interpretable semantic knowledge. Therefore, social tags are useful for information sharing and organizing, but they lack the computer-interpretability needed to facilitate a personalized social tag recommendation. An interesting issue is how to automatically generate a personalized social tag recommendation list to users when a resource is accessed by users. The novel solution proposed in this study is a hybrid approach based on semantic tag-based resource profile and user preference to provide personalized social tag recommendation. Experiments show that the Precision and Recall of the proposed hybrid approach effectively improves the accuracy of social tag recommendation.