能量系统优化技术在高含硫天然气净化中的应用研究

高含硫天然气净化过程胺液循环量大、工艺流程复杂、能源消耗大。运用能量系统优化技术,从天然气净化厂整体考虑,提高过程的总体用能水平,遵循按质、按需供能以及能量的梯级利用原则,优化过程推动力,尽可能降低过程的不可逆性,实现天然气净化过程的能量合理有效利用。通过对某高含硫天然气净化厂进行全局能量系统优化研究,包括工艺装置、装置间热集成、储运系统、全厂低温热利用和蒸汽动力系统等,找出净化装置和全厂用能"瓶颈",从联合装置、公用工程等角度提出相关的优化及节能措施,有效降低了全厂的燃料消耗、蒸汽消耗,增加了联合装置发汽量,对净化厂的节能减排和降本增效具有重要意义,对指导净化厂开展节能工作奠定基础。同时,可为建立天然气净化装置的能耗评价和分析方法提供主要依据,对进一步探索天然气净化过程能量系统优化具有指导意义。     

优化改造延迟焦化装置能量系统

根据焦化过程的用能特点，分析了延迟焦化装置节能的途径；以过程系统三环节能量综合优化方法为指导，运用流程模拟技术，对炼油厂500kt／a延迟焦化装置进行了能量系统优化改造，通过回流取热优化，增抽高温住蜡油循环取热产生1.0MPa蒸汽，以及回收装置低温热供水处理站江水预热．使得装置能耗大幅度降低，税后年利润达254万元。     

炼油企业全局能量优化中的储运系统节能

中国炼油企业新一轮节能是以热出料为契机,从各个装置节能走向系统全局的能量优化。热出料、原油管输化、成品油在线调合等技术的发展,大大减少了中间物流、原油和成品油的储运需求。在此新的背景下,将储运子系统优化与全局能量优化结合起来,在以科学用能和炯经济学为基础的三环节理论的指导下,提出了储量最小化、储存工艺参数最优化和选择适宜的加热方式的储运节能三原则。在此基础上,用低温热替代维温蒸汽,可使能耗进一步降低。为储运系统深入节能提供了理论基础和技术途径。     

催化裂化再生烟气能量回收系统的_经济优化

应用能量系统的双子系统方法对烟气能量回收系统进行了经济分析优化。在再生烟气物性参数一定的情况下,以系统内动力回收量与热量回收量的最佳分配而产生的最大回收经济效益为系统优化的目标,且根据一定的经济模型对有代表性的烟气能量回收系统进行了优化,得到了系统最大效益下的最优设计操作参数。其优化结果对烟气能量回收系统的优化设计及操作有一定的指导作用。     

催化裂化再生烟气能量回收系统的(火用)经济优化

应用能量系统的双子系统方法对烟气能量回收系统进行了经济分析优化.在再生烟气物性参数一定的情况下,以系统内动力回收量与热量回收量的最佳分配而产生的最大回收经济效益为系统优化的目标,且根据一定的经济模型对有代表性的烟气能量回收系统进行了优化,得到了系统最大效益下的最优设计操作参数.其优化结果对烟气能量回收系统的优化设计及操作有一定的指导作用.     

催化裂化再在气能量回收系统的Yong经济优化

应用能量系统的双子系统方法对烟气能量回收系统进行了Ｙｏｎｇ经济分析优化。在再生烟气物性参数一定的情况下,以系统内动力回收量与热量回收量与热量回收量的最佳分配而 最大回收经济效益为系统优化的目标,且根据一定的经济模型对有代表性的烟气能量回收系统进行了优化,得到了系统最大效益下的最优设计操作参数。其优化结果对烟气能量回收系统的优化设计及操作有一定的指导作用。     

节能量的计算方法及在节能审核中的应用

节能量的准确计算在节能审核中越来越重要。文中详细阐述节能量的计算、边界确定和在实际中的应用,增加审核的可靠性、真实性,同时介绍在燃煤锅炉(窑炉)、余热余压利用项目、电机系统节能、及能量优化系统优化项目的计算方法。     

氯乙烯生产中能量的优化集成

通过对换热网络夹点技术的分析应用,提出了公司氯乙烯装置用能的优化节能改造方案,进一步提高热能利用效率,肯定了运用过程系统能量的的优化集成技术所带来的节能效应,使企业达到降低能耗、增加效益、提高能源利用率的目的。     

BCHP系统的热经济孤立化证明

基于热经济孤立化原理,提出了楼宇冷热电联供(BCHP)系统优化的孤立化方法,并给出了典型BCHP链式能量系统满足热经济孤立化的证明,为此类系统的设计优化提出了一种新方法。     

关于太阳能热利用系统的用能分析

将太阳能热利用系统准稳态下的能量流动过程分为3个阶段进行用能分析,采用能量分析法和分析法对每个阶段从能量的数量和质量上进行建模,以确定系统能量及的转换、传递、利用和损失情况。第一阶段的用能分析结合了太阳辐射光谱的精确建模,并利用建立的模型对一个实际的太阳能热利用系统进行相应的计算和分析。所建立的模型可明确各种太阳能热利用系统中能量及等参数的变化过程,从而为系统的优化指明方向。     

Capacity allocation and optimization strategy of an energy storage system based on an improved quantum genetic algorithm

针对用于电网削峰填谷的储能系统容量配置经济性不足的问题,本文提出一种基于改进型量子遗传算法的储能系统容量经济性评估方法。首先,建立储能系统削峰填谷的数学模型,并在综合考虑充放电、荷电状态及潮流平衡等约束下进行储能系统的容量配置,在此基础上,采用内点法将约束问题转化为非约束问题进行求解,随后,应用改进型量子遗传算法优化储能系统容量配置方案,以缩短运算周期、提高算法计算效率与全局寻优能力,并使储能系统经济性成本最低。最后,通过算例证明了在约束条件下,所提方法使储能系统在满足对日负荷削峰填谷的前提下,实现最优经济成本的容量配置,为储能系统容量配置提供了有效参考。     

Novel cogeneration power system with liquefied natural gas (LNG) cryogenic exergy utilization

We propose a new cogeneration power system with two energy sources of fuel chemical energy and liquefied natural gas (LNG) cryogenic energy, and two outputs of electrical power and cooling power. Due to the advanced integration of system and cascade utilization of LNG cryogenic energy, the system has excellent energy saving: chemical energy of fuel and LNG cryogenic energy are saved by 7.5–12.2% and 13.2–14.3%, respectively. As CO₂ is selected as working fluid and oxygen as fuel oxidizer, CO₂ is easily recovered as a liquid with LNG vaporization. In this paper, the typical recuperative Rankine cycle and the corresponding cogeneration system are described and a detailed thermodynamic analysis is carried out to reveal the principle of the cycle and system. Furthermore, the influence of key parameters on performance is discussed. Considering the engineering application, the technical advantages and concerns are pointed out.     

双室双层浮动床在电厂水处理中的应用

通过采用以双室双层浮动床为制水设备 ,不仅能够提高除盐水系统的供给能力 ,而且能够优化生产工艺 ,提高再生液的利用率 ,达到节能降耗增效益的目的。     

基于定温闪蒸煤制天然气的余热利用探索

在煤制天然气工艺中,存在对温度550℃粗煤气的冷却工序,若能对该工序余热进行合理利用,应具有很好的经济效果。但在换热壁面低于180℃时,有煤焦油析出,影响换热设备正常工作。阐述利用工程热物理、传热学知识,采用系统工程的分析方法,确定以定温闪蒸工艺来克服粗煤气低温析出煤焦油析出问题,实现换热设备正常运行。工程试验,效果良好,项目投资经济合理,为工业节能领域的从业技术人员提供借鉴。     

Technical and economic evaluation of solar hydrogen production by supercritical water gasification of biomass in China

A novel thermochemical method for solar hydrogen production was proposed by state key laboratory of multiphase flow in power engineering (SKLMFPE) of Xi’an Jiaotong University. In this paper, a technical and economic evaluation of the new solar hydrogen production technology was conducted. Firstly, the advantages of this new solar hydrogen production process, compared with other processes, were assessed and thermodynamic analysis of the new process was carried out. The results show that biomass gasification in supercritical water driven by concentrating solar energy may be used to achieve high efficiency solar thermal decomposition of water and biomass for hydrogen production. Secondly, the hydrogen production cost was analyzed using the method of the total annual revenue requirement. The estimated hydrogen production cost was 38.46RMB/kg for the experimental demonstration system with a treatment capacity of 1 ton wet biomass per hour, and it would be decreased to 25.1 RMB/kg if the treatment capacity of wet biomass increased from 1 t/h to 10 t/h. A sensitivity analysis was also performed and influence of parameters on the hydrogen production cost was studied. The results from technical and economic evaluation show that supercritical water gasification of biomass driven by concentrated solar energy is a promising technology for hydrogen production and it is competitive compared to other solar hydrogen production technologies.     

基于改进模糊有色Petri网的综合能源系统能耗动态过程模型及应用

针对综合能源系统在供能过程中的能耗动态特点,通过改进的Petri网方法,根据特定的建模规则,建立了一种基于改进模糊有色Petri网的综合能源系统能耗动态过程模型,并在Stateflow平台上利用实际算例进行了仿真分析。结果表明,所建模型合理、有效,有一定的分析计算特性和图形化表现能力,为进一步对系统需求侧规划和多能设备的合理匹配提供了理论基础和技术支持。     

The oil bath thermal cycling absorption process design and separation process research

Thermal cycling absorption process (TCAP) has been developed for years to support the separation of hydrogen isotopes, which has the characteristics of high separation efficiency and high recovery rate. The design of separation column structure, heating and cooling (H&C) system and technological parameters are the basis of TCAP technical process study and are the key points of TCAP engineering research. In this work, an improved separation system has been designed and built based on an oil bath H&C system for the first time. The separation column in this facility is 45 m long and the packing weight in the column is up to 8 kg. The separation experiments were carried out based on this facility, and the process parameters were adjusted according to the size of the separation column, which proved the superior performance of this facility. The separation experiments show that for 50% D₂ - 50% H₂ feed gas, the deuterium abundance can reach to 99% and the steady state extraction can be realized in production mode with the processing capacity over 400 standard L per day. Another experiment has been carried out with 1% D₂ - 99% H₂ feed gas, and the deuterium abundance exceeded 10%, verifying the separation ability at low abundance deuterium feed gas. Furthermore, the extraction rate can reach to 25% column capacity when the deuterium abundance in production gas is 5%.     

Determination of the thermal properties of ceramic sponges

The knowledge of thermal properties of technical components or internals in chemical reactors is often a key characteristic for planning and designing chemical engineering processes. As an alternative to packed beds or packings, sponges turned out to be used in new application fields in chemical and process engineering. Therefore an experimental study was performed to investigate the two-phase thermal conductivity of solid ceramic sponges made of alumina, mullite and oxidic-bonded silicon carbide (OBSiC) at moderate temperatures. A two-dimensional model is used for analysing the measured temperature profiles and for calculating the thermal conductivity. It can be observed, that the thermal conductivity increases with decreasing porosity and is nearly constant when the pore size (ppi number) is varied. The thermal conductivity data are modelled by an approach similar to the well known Krischer model. Compared to a packed bed of spherical particles, the values of the thermal conductivity of sponges turn out to be about five times higher.     

浅议水煤浆锅炉的技术特点及其应用

本文从节约能源、减少污染物排放的角度出发,阐述说明水煤浆锅炉在节能环保方面的优越性。文章详细介绍了水煤浆燃料的特点;结合工程实例着重说明水煤浆锅炉燃烧系统、除尘、除硫、烟气排放的工艺流程;水煤浆锅炉在燃料消耗、污染物排放2方面与燃煤锅炉的技术经济比较分析,以及水煤浆锅炉的环保效益。     

分布式储能项目效益评价方法研究

  [目的]  随着分布式储能技术的日趋成熟,分布式储能系统得到了业界的广泛关注,各类示范项目先后投运。然而,用户侧分布式储能项目的综合效益往往涉及投资方、运营方、用户和监管部分等多个参与方,且与用户的负荷特性和储能系统运行策略密切相关,科学合理且便捷的综合效益评估方法已经成为分布式储能项目广泛开展的关键技术问题。  [方法]  根据分布式储能项目的设备和资产构成,并结合用户负荷曲线划分多个典型运行场景,从而对不同场景下各类项目资产的成本、功能、效益、相关方进行映射,最终按照项目的内部运作机制和外部市场机制分析其综合效益。  [结果]  利用该方法,可对种类更广泛的分布式储能项目进行更加定量、客观的综合效益评估。  [结论]  基于实际的工程算例表明,所提的方法准确有效,为项目投资运营模式及技术方案的决策提供方法支持。