电去离子法处理偏二甲肼废水

用填充强酸性离子交换纤维的电去离子(EDI)装置,处理实验室模拟的火箭发射场偏二甲肼废水.考察了电流、出水pH值与电压的关系以及模拟水样经循环处理的效果.结果表明,与电渗析相比,采用EDI处理废水的效率较高,在一定电压下,膜堆内部水的极化主要发生在阴离子交换膜的表面.水样经循环处理后,淡水出水可以达到排放标准,浓缩液中偏二甲肼质量浓度达到3396.7 mg/L以上.物料衡算可知, 极水中的偏二甲肼易被氧化.     

生物活性碳纤维处理苯酚模拟废水的研究

实验以预处理和改性的活性碳纤维(AC F)为载体,经菌种筛选、驯化和生物循环挂膜,形成生物活性碳纤维(BAC F),然后将苯酚模拟废水通过BACF柱,检测了BACF去除苯酚模拟废水的性能。实验结果表明,在水样温度为1 6～20℃,pH为6.5左右,碳床接触时间为30 min时,水样流速为4.2 ml/mi n,BACF对苯酚模拟废水的平均去除率高达为97.5%,表明BACF技术对苯酚废水有优异的处理效果,并且出水水质稳定,处理量大。因此作为一种新型的苯酚废水处理技术,BACF技术将具有广阔的应用前景。     

半焦废水资源化回收及深度处理技术

针对高浓度、难降解半焦废水,采用具有自主知识产权的复合除油一强化脱酸脱氨—离心脱酚—高级氧化—高效菌种生化处理—膜处理这一系列组合工艺,实现对半焦废水中焦油、氨水以及工业酚类产品的资源化回收,同时实现深度净化废水的目的;经生化处理后出水水质指标达到《炼焦化学工业污染物排放标准》(GB16171—2012)要求,与膜处理技术组合使用最终出水水质满足工业循环冷却水处理设计规范(GB50050—2007)要求。     

聚氯乙烯离心母液高品质回收工艺的研究

采用膜生物反应器(MBR)和反渗透(RO)工艺对聚氯乙烯离心母液废水进行回收。研究了该系统工艺对有机物和悬浮固体的处理效果以及系统的耐冲击能力;观察了生物相在MBR系统中的变化情况及MBR膜片和反渗透膜的污染情况。试验结果表明,该工艺在稳定运行的情况下,废水总COD去除率可达到95%以上,MBR出水COD浓度低于40 mg/L,达到直接排放标准,再经过反渗透、离子交换或连续电解除盐(EDI)处理后,出水可以达到聚合回用水标准,回收率达到70%以上,而且,整个试验过程中膜耐污染性能良好。     

火电厂中水回用工程的设计与运行

根据山西某电厂循环冷却排污水水质,利用集成膜系统(连续微滤 反渗透)处理该废水,以微涡流絮凝和高效纤维过滤作为微滤系统的预处理,后采用纤维过滤出水与反渗透出水混合的混水工艺,处理出水作为电厂循环冷却系统补给水.运行结果表明,出水各项指标均能满足回用要求,能较好解决电厂用水问题,达到水资源的循环再生利用.     

电渗析+铁碳+生化组合法处理苯酚丙酮废水

采用电渗析+铁碳+生化组合处理法对实际苯酚丙酮废水的处理效果和影响因素进行实验研究。结果表明,电渗析汲盐液浓度及膜堆电压对废水脱盐效率及能耗有显著影响,在汲盐液初始质量浓度为20 g/L Na_2SO_4、电压为14 V条件下,经210 min废水盐质量浓度从66.7 g/L降到8 g/L左右,脱盐率达到88%,具有较高的效率和经济性;脱盐后的废水经1.5 h铁炭微电解处理,BOD5/COD提高到0.31,最后生化处理出水COD约为130 mg/L,组合处理法的COD总去除率达到96.7%。     

电去离子(EDI)过程处理电镀废水的研究进展

用电去离子(EDI)过程处理电镀废水的目标在于以连续操作的方式，一方面获得高品质的淡水以返回电镀工艺作为镀件的清洗水，另一方面得到重金属离子浓度较高的浓缩液以利于直接返回到镀槽使用，从而实现电镀工艺的闭路循环。介绍了用EDI处理电镀废水的各种膜堆形式及性能，并展望了EDI应用于电镀废水处理的良好前景。     

活性炭吸附法处理印染废水的研究

以亚甲基蓝水溶液模拟印染废水,采用连续流活性炭吸附装置对其进行处理,以水样浓度作为评价指标,对水样浓度与吸光度的标准曲线以及活性炭对印染废水的处理进行了检测和实验。实验结果表明,装置由3个活性炭柱串联;标准曲线的绘制很好地拟合了水样浓度与吸光度的关系;出水水质逐级变好;确定活性炭对水中染料的吸附能力;活性炭的随吸附时间的延长达到吸附平衡。     

厌氧陶瓷膜反应器-双膜法回用汽车零配件生产废水

针对目前处理汽车零配件废水工艺流程多等缺点,提出气浮+厌氧陶瓷膜生物反应器工艺。厌氧膜生物反应器高效结合厌氧反应器和膜组件截流特点。本工程采用浸没式厌氧膜生物反应器,膜组件采用新型碳化硅材质平板陶瓷膜。运行半年表明,系统抗负荷能力强,出水水质稳定,达到≤城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准≥GB18918-2002表1中二级标准,即COD100 mg/L,ρ(氨氮)25 mg/L,色度40等。部分处理后的水再通过预过滤-超滤-二级RO-EDI产生超纯水回用于生产需求。二级RO出水COD≤2 mg/L,ρ(氨氮)≤0.1 mg/L,电导率≤22μS/cm,EDI出水的电阻率为18.2 MΩ·cm。RO和EDI产生浓水直接排入市政管网。     

膜集成技术在印染废水回用中的应用研究

采用膜集成技术对经生化处理法处理后的印染废水进行深度处理实验,结果表明:经超滤和反渗透膜处理后的出水水质稳定,废水回收率达到70%以上,化学需氧量(COD)去除率90%以上,脱盐率97%以上,完全可回用于高质量的印染生产线中,膜集成技术深度处理印染废水在工程上的应用是可行的.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。