计算机电磁辐射的测量

目的 介绍计算机系统电磁辐射测量的条件要求和测试方法。方法 给出计算机系统辐射发射的理论模型。详细论述了测量条件要求和测试方法，并按美国联邦通信委员会（简称FCC）规定测试。结果与结论 测试结果的真实性和可重复性得到了有效保证，这些要求和方法适用于计算机系统，计算机以及与计算机主机连用的外部设备的试验，对其他电子设备辐射测量，本文的原理和方法同样具有借鉴意义。     

宽频带电磁兼容测量系统

本文介绍采用ＧＴＥＭ横电磁波传输室建立的宽带电磁兼容测量系统。其工作频率范围为１０ｋＨｚ～＞１０００ＭＨｚ，场强范围１μＶ／ｍ～＞５０Ｖ／ｍ，测量最高精度可达±１ｄＢ。该系统既可进行电磁辐射敏感度（ＥＭＳ）的测试，又可进行电磁波辐射干扰（ＥＭＩ）的测试，具有投资少、效率高、易于自动化测量的特点，可适用于计算机、电子仪器、通信设备、电动工具和家用电器等电磁兼容性能的测试。     

动圈式地震检波器阻尼系数测量方法的改进

本文对用直流激励法测量动圈式地震检波器阻尼（系数）的方法提出了改进,克服了原方法在阻尼较大时因测试值信噪比箐差而不能对阻尼系数准确地进行测量的不足。     

低温下固体材料导热系数的测定

研制了一套能在４～３００Ｋ温区和１×１０￣（－４）～１×１０￣２Ｗ．ｃｍ￣（－１）·Ｋ￣（－１）导热系数范围内，测出各种固体材料导热系数的装置。本文介绍了装置的原理、结构、几种工程材料导热系数的测试结果。该装置具有结构简单、操作方便等优点。     

混响室中吸声系数测量方法研究

１问题的提出实验室测量试件吸声系数的方法很多，如驻波管法、传递函数法、声强法等。但使用最早、最多的还是混响室法。它能测量声波无规入射时的平均吸声系数，这与实际工程中声波的入射方式较为接近。而且，试件在声波无规入射条件下的平均吸声系数尚无其它替代的测量方法。虽然早已制定了有关的测量规范，如ＩＳＯＲ３５４及ＧＢＪ４７－８３，在混响室中测量试件的吸声系数时，各个混响室对同一试件的吸声系数的测量值差别很大，各实验室之间的测量结果不具有可比性的问题一直未能得到很好的解决。２误差的来源各混响室测量结果不一致…     

PS-1型精密超声声速测试仪

根据脉冲回波叠加（pｕｌｓｅ ｓｕｐｅｒｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎ）原理，本文叙述一种其发射脉冲重复周期受低频调制的精密超声声速测试仪，它是自动声速测试系统中的主机部分。该仪器主要用于测量超声波在材料中的传播速度受外界条件的变化（如温度、压力等）而发生的微小变化。文中对Ｅ－０１等延迟玻璃中超声纵波的传播时间及其温度系数进行了测量，表明该仪器的灵敏度为１ｎｓ。     

基于SPD的物体色快速分光测试系统设计

根据光度学与色度学理论，采用国际照明委员会（CIE）推荐的d/8标准照明／观察几何条件，应用自扫描光电二极管阵列（SPD）作为乐电探测器，设计了由积分球，脉冲光源，多色仪，光电放大与A／D转换器以及专用计算机等部分组成的双光路多通道物体表面色全光谱快速测试系统，该系统单次测色周期小于1秒，对陶瓷白板的测量精度（色度坐标）优于0．0003，重复性达到0．0001，满足了快速又准确的分光测色要求。     

应用计算机测量软件实现计量测试

应用计算机专用软件对机械参数进行在线测量是计量测试领域中的一种前沿技术，称为计算机辅助测量（CAM）。本文以德国专用测量软件DASYLab为例，介绍CAM的独特优点，并通过测量实例阐述其应用。     

半导体发光管光色参数测量技术的研究

本文介绍了对各种新型半导体发光管的光度参数及色度参数的测试技术、测量方法，并邮有代表意义的测量结果。表明本研究工作的有效性以及实用价值，反映出现代光学借助电子学及计量学相结合的纵深应用。     

如何填写检定装置中计量标准技术报告？（第三部分）

9测量不确定度评定 9.1概述9.1.1测量依据：JJG178-2007《紫外、可见、近红外分光光度》检定规程。9.1.2环境条件：温度（10～35）℃;相对湿度≤85%。9.1.3测量标准（1）波长1汞灯U=0.01nm,k=2;2氧化钬滤光片,扩展不确定度为：200nm-380nm U=（0.2-0.5）nm,k=2;380nm-700nm U=（0.1-0.4）nm,k=23干涉滤光片,扩展不确定度为：U=（0.5～1）nm（k=2）;     

Photometry and colorimetry of reference LEDs by using a compact goniophotometer

In the development, production control, quality assurance and during the selection of appropriate LEDs for very different applications, it is essential to know their photometric and colorimetric quantities very precisely. The calibration of the measuring devices required for this purpose is performed via LED transfer standards. These LED standards transfer photometric, spectroradiometric and colorimetric units and characteristics, from the National Metrology Institute (NMI) to the user. Finally, LED standards serve as references for the user. Usually a set of LED reference standards consists of at least four different LED colours (blue, green, red and white), sometimes even more. Further more it is very often necessary to have more than only one set of reference standards as a backup. This generally causes a large number of calibrations. To handle this work load, a special reference standard and a compact goniophotometer prove to be a considerable advantage. PTB developed a special LED transfer standard which operates under controlled conditions: a controlled LED chip temperature and a controlled chip current help to keep the photometric and colorimetric properties constant. On the other hand, a compact goniophotometer was designed to measure luminous flux, luminous intensity and colorimetric quantities of LED transfer standards in a relatively short time with low measurement uncertainties.     

The Optical Effects of a Double Calcite Plate on a Converging Beam of Light

The aberrations and variation in transmission of a beam of light converging to a focus and passing through plates of calcite have been investigated, in order to estimate possible photometric errors due to these effects when a crossed calcite plate is used to calibrate photographic plates. The aberrations are calculated in terms of ray deviations whose magnitudes are derived, and the transmission coefficient is determined by solution of electromagnetic boundary conditions. The resultant formulae are evaluated numerically, and set limits on the photometric accuracy of images formed by a Schmidt telescope used with a calcite plate calibrator.     

Experimental study of the voltage coefficient of precisecompressed-gas capacitors

A study of the voltage coefficient of precise compressed-gas capacitors is described. A series of measuring methods based on the formula for calculating the voltage coefficient is presented: measuring the variations of capacitance when the capacitor is tilted in various directions to a specific angle; measuring the variations in capacitance when the capacitor is tilted in a specific direction to various angles; and measuring the variations in the coordinates of the electrodes when these electrodes are subjected to various mechanical forces, etc. These methods were used to test a 350 kV, 50 pF capacitor, and its voltage coefficient was found to be less than one part in a million from 0 kV up to 350 kV     

Finite formulation of nonlinear magnetostatics with Integral boundary conditions

This paper describes two hybrid methods coupling finite formulation of electromagnetic fields (FFEF) in a bounded domain to integral boundary conditions taking into account far field conditions. The two hybrid techniques use different boundary conditions: the first formulation is based on Green's function applied to magnetization source inside bounded domain while the other one is based on a boundary-element method on its external surface. Details about the coupling terms are given and handling of different magnetization sources is described, including the fictitious magnetization sources coming from nonlinear solutions. The proposed methods are validated versus different benchmark cases. Comparisons between the two techniques have been performed using different criteria (accuracy and convergence, memory requirements, etc.).     

环形管流量计多点差压信号自动采集系统的设计

为多圈环形管流量计设计了一个多点差压信号的自动数据采集系统,可用于测量和记录环形管不同位置上差压测点的数据,进而确定各测点位置差压信号与总流量之间的关系,以及研究环形管流量系数的变化趋势.该数据采集系统具有测量精度高,采集速度快,数据实时保存等特点.     

低膨胀合金的线膨胀系数测量方法--接触式干涉法

线膨胀系数是低膨胀合金的重要性能指标，针对低膨胀合金线膨胀系数的测量精度要求较高，提出了采用接触式干涉法进行测量，并具体介绍其原理、装置、测量步骤以及对试样的要求。多年实践证明，该方法合理、简便、经济、可靠，结果达到精度要求。     

真空泵测定气体流量的装置-计量喷嘴

计量喷嘴常用于测定粗真空泵（如水环泵、往复式真空泵、滑阀式真空泵等）的气体流量的装置。从理论和实践这两方面对计量喷嘴的工作原理、计算方法、安装及使用要求等问题作了简要的叙述，同时对其测量重复性也作了相应的介绍。     

General principles for raising the precision of measuring devices

Conclusions The circuit methods for raising the precision of measuring devices are the most promising under existing conditions. It can be considered that structural methods (the use of precise and stable components, stable materials, precision manufacturing technology, etc.) have already been exhausted to a considerable extent. It is doubtful whether it would be possible by their means to raise the precision of existing measuring systems to the level which is now required.The diversity of known circuit methods for raising the MD precision is covered by the suggested classification which separates methods on the basis of their fundamental properties due to the different MD process algorithms.In developing modern measuring systems for which increasinglystringent metrologicaland operating requirements are specified, it is necessary to have a substantiated approach to the selection of rational methods for providing high precision of measuring devices in each specific case. For this purpose it is necessary to know both the general fundamental properties and the particular technical properties of various methods, i.e., it is necessary to have a general theory of circuit methods for providing measuring devices with a high precision and for investigating the technical realization of these methods.This requirement is fully met only by the negative feedback methods. The compound parameter methods have been also developed, although to a smaller extent. The practical application and especially the theory of the very promising important group of error correction methods is in a rudimentary stage. The development of these methods is a very pressing task.Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 5, pp. 9–15, May, 1968.     

《盲杖第1部分:安全色标志》国家标准色度性能和光度性能指标的确定

以标准GB 16930.1-1997《盲人手杖安全色标志》为基础,参考GB 2893-2008《安全色》、GB/T 18833-2012《道路交通反光膜》等标准,选择国内外不同企业生产的30种反光膜样品,针对其色度性能和光度性能进行试验验证,包括色度坐标范围、亮度因数和最小逆反射系数.综合考虑盲杖使用者的实际出行特点、产品特性、国内行业现状、使用安全性,确定盲杖安全色标志逆反射材料色度性能和光度性能的技术指标.为修订强制性国家标准GB 16930.1《盲杖第1部分:安全色标志》提供数据支持.     

微机在力学测试技术中的应用

将微电子技术应用于老式材料试验机的改造，使原来的摆锤式负荷测力系统、拉线滚筒式形变记录仪、手动控制和荷速度、人工测量计算和手抄试验报告等落后地试验方式，改造为计算机程序控制电测应力应变、接伸速度、测量计算、数据处理图文打印等自动化的测试方式，其各项技术在性能可以满足ＧＢ２２８－８７。ＪＪＧ４７５－８６，ＪＪＧ１３９－８３等国标技术条件的要求。