A2B7型La0.75Mg0.25Ni3．5-xAlx（x=0-0．3）合金相结构及电化学性能

采用感应熔炼方法制备了A2B7型La0.75Mg0.25Ni3．5-xAlx（x=0，0．02，0．06 0.1，0．3）四元贮氢合金，系统研究了Al元素部分替代Ni对A2B7型La0.75Mg0.25Ni3．5合金相结构及电化学性能的影响。X射线衍射（XRD）分析表明：La0.75Mg0.25Ni3．5由单一La2Ni7相组成：Al元素加入后，开始出现CaCu5型LaNi5相，当x=0．3时，LaNis相成为合金的主相。Rietveld分析表明：随着Al含量的增加，LaNi5相逐渐增多，Al的加入利于CaCu5型LaNi5相的形成。电化学测试表明：Al替代Ni对A2B7型合金La0.75Mg0.25Ni3．5电极活化性能影响不大：而最大放电容量随Al在La0.75Mg0.25Ni3．5-xAlx，合金中替代量的增加而减小。当放电电流密度为1600mA／g时，合金的倍率放电性能由68.8％（x=0）增加到81．16％（x=0．1）然后减小到65．67％（x=0.3）。此外，La0.75Mg0.25Ni3．5-xAlx合金电极循环稳定性先增加而后下降。x=0．06时合金电极容量保持率最大（S100=85.21．％）。     

化学计量比B/A对La_(0.75)Mg_(0.25)Ni_(2.5)M_x(M=Ni,Co;x=0～1.0)电极合金微观结构及电化学性能的影响

为了探索化学计量比B／A（A和B分别为电极合金A侧和B侧元素的总和）以及Co替代Ni对ABx（x=2.5～3.5）型电极合金微观结构及电化学性能的影响,制备了电极合金La0.75Mg0.25Ni2.5Mx（M=Ni,Co;x=0,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0）。系统地分析测试了合金的微观结构及电化学性能。结果表明,合金的微观结构与电化学性能与化学计量比B／A（相当于M含量x）密切相关。合金均具有多相结构,包括LaNi2,（La,Mg）Ni3和LaNi5相。随化学计量比B／A的增加,合金的主相由LaNi2转为（La,Mg）Ni3＋LaNi5相,并且合金的电化学性能,包括放电容量、高倍率放电能力（HRD）、放电电压特性等均显著改善。     

Al对La—Mg-Ni系贮氢合金电极电化学性能的影响

采用固相扩散法制备La0.7Mg0.3Ni3.5-xAlx(x=0,0.1,0.3,0.7,1.0)和La0.7Mg0.3Ni2.8Co0.7-xAlx(x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4)贮氧合金,采用X射线衍射、能谱分析及循环伏安等方法分析含金的相结构和电极电化学性能,研究元素Al替代对合金电化学性能的影响.结果表明:合金由LaNi5、La2Ni7和LaNi3三相组成,随着Al替代量的增加,La2Ni7相晶胞逐渐膨胀,LaNi5相大量减少,LaNi3相增加,La2Ni7相有利于合金电化学性能的提高,然而过高的Al含量会对合金的放电性能带来不利影响.La0.7Mg0.3Ni3.4Al0.1和La0.7Mg0.3Ni2.8Co0.6Al0.1合金电极的最大放电容量分别为354.5 mA·h/g和373.1 mA·h/g.循环伏安测试显示较明显的氧化峰和还原峰,且峰电位差较小,反映合金电极较好的吸放氢反应可逆性.     

La2Mg0.9Al0.1Ni7.5-xCo1.5Mnx贮氢合金的相结构和电化学性能

研究了Mn替代Ni对La2Mg0.9Al0.1Ni7.5-xCo1.5Mnx(x=0,0.3,0.6,0.9)贮氢合金相结构和电化学性能的影响。XRDRietveld全谱拟合分析表明:Mn替代改变了合金的物相组成和物相的丰度。LaNi3相消失,αLa2Ni7相丰度的变化表现为先增加(x=0,0.3)后减少(x=0.6,0.9),LaMgNi4相和La5Ni19相的丰度则随合金中Mn含量x的增加而增加。Mn替代Ni降低了合金的贮氢容量、最大电化学放电容量和活化性能,La2Mg0.9Al0.1Ni7.2Co1.5Mn0.3合金电极表现出最好的电化学循环稳定性,合金的高倍率放电性能随Mn含量的增加降低,这归因于交换电流密度(I0)和氢扩散系数(D)的降低。     

硼添加对La-Mg-Ni-Co系贮氢电极合金的微结构及电化学性能的影响

系统研究了贮氢电极合金La0.7Mg0.3Ni2.65Co0.75Mn0.1Al0.2B,x(x=0,0.02,0.04,0.08)的微结构与电化学性能.XRD结果显示,所有合金均由(La,Mg)Ni3相与LaNi5相组成,B含量的增加导致(La,Mg)Ni,3相的丰度不断增加,相应地LaNi5相的丰度逐渐下降.此外,合金的晶格参数与晶胞体积均随B含量的增加而减小.电化学测试分析表明,B的添加可以显著改善合金电极的高倍率放电性能,当B含量为0.04时达到最佳.微量B的加入对合金的循环稳定性能与活化性能影响很小,但降低合金电极的最大放电容量.此外还采用线性极化与阳极极化对合金电极的动力学性能进行了进一步研究.     

LaNi5-xFex(x=1～1.8)合金相结构及电化学性能

研究了LaNi5-xF3x(x=1.0,1.2,1.4,1.6,1.8)合金中Fe部分代替Ni对LaNi5型电极合金相结构及电化学性能的影响.结果表明:当x=1.0时,合金由LaNi5和La2Ni7相组成;当x=1.2时,开始出现(Fe,Ni)相;当x=1.6时,还开始出现La2Ni3相.随x增大LdNi5相逐渐减少、La2Ni7和(Fe,Ni)相逐渐增多.随Fe含量的增大,电极合金放电容量减小,扩散系数减小,交换电流密度呈先减小后增大的趋势,当x=1.4时,电极合金的交换电流密度达到最小值.Fe含量对合金电极高倍率放电性能HRD值的影响与对合金电极交换电流密度的影响趋势一致,这表明电极合金表面的电化学反应对合金的动力学性能影响更大.     

添加Si对A_2B_7型电极合金结构及电化学贮氢性能的影响(英文)

为改善La–Mg–Ni系A2B7型合金的电化学贮氢性能,在合金中添加一定量的Si元素,通过真空熔炼及退火处理的方法制备La0.8Mg0.2Ni3.3Co0.2Six(x=0-0.2)电极合金。研究Si元素的添加对合金结构及电化学贮氢性能的影响。结果表明,铸态及退火态合金均为多相结构,分别为Ce2Ni7型的(La,Mg)2Ni7相和CaCu5型的LaNi5相以及少量的残余相LaNi3。Si元素的添加没有改变合金的主相,但使得合金中的(La,Mg)2Ni7相减少而LaNi5相增加。添加Si显著地影响了合金的电化学性能。随着Si含量的增加,铸态及退火态合金的放电容量逐步降低,但循环稳定性却随着Si含量的增加而增强。此外,合金电极的高倍率放电性能、极限电流密度、氢扩散系数以及电化学交流阻抗谱的测试均表明合金的电化学动力学性能随着Si含量的增加先增加而后减小。     

LaNi5-xFex（=1～1.8）合金相结构及电化学性能

研究了LaNi5-xFex（x=1.0,1.2,1.4,1.6,1.8）合金中Fe部分代替Ni对LaNi5型电极合金相结构及电化学性能的影响。结果表明：当x=1.0时,合金由LaNi5和La2Ni7相组成;当x=1.2时,开始出现（Fe,Ni）相;当x=1.6时,还开始出现La2Ni3相。随x增大LaNi5相逐渐减少、La2Ni7和（Fe,Ni）相逐渐增多。随Fe含量的增大,电极合金放电容量减小,扩散系数减小,交换电流密度呈先减小后增大的趋势,当x=1.4时,电极合金的交换电流密度达到最小值。Fe含量对合金电极高倍率放电性能HRD值的影响与对合金电极交换电流密度的影响趋势一致,这表明电极合金表面的电化学反应对合金的动力学性能影响更大。     

Al替代Mg对La2MgNi7.5Al1.5贮氢合金相结构和电化学性能的影响

采用X射线衍射、电子探针和电化学测试研究了La2Mg1-xAlxNi7.5Co1.5(x=0.0,0.1,0.3,0.5)合金的相结构和电化学性能.XRD结果和EPMA观察表明,少量的Al替代Mg(x=0.1)不改变La2MgNi7.5Co1.5合金的相组成,合金仍然由LaNi3相和αLa2Ni7相组成,然而La2Mg0.9Al0.1Ni7.5Co1.5合金中LaNi3相的丰度明显下降,αLa2Ni7相的丰度则增加,较多的Al替代Mg改变了La2MgNi7.5Co1.5合金的相组成并导致合金中LaNi3相消失,La2Mg1-xAlxNi7.5Co1.5合金中Al含量的变化对合金中不同相晶胞参数的影响不相同.此外,少量的Al替代Mg(x=0.1)几乎不降低La2MgNi7.5Co1.5合金的贮氢容量和最大电化学放电容量,但随La2Mg1-xAlxNi7.5Co1.5合金中Al含量的增加,合金的贮氢容量、最大电化学放电容量和活化性能不断下降,Al替代Mg能明显提高La2MgNi7.5Co1.5合金的电化学循环稳定性,对提高该合金电极的高倍率放电性能也是有利的.     

Zr替代La对快淬态A2B7型电极合金结构及电化学性能的影响

用铸造及快淬工艺制备了A2B7型电极合金,合金的名义成分为La0.75-xZrxMg0.25Ni3.2Co0.2Al0.1 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2)。深入研究了Zr替代La对合金微观结构及电化学性能的影响。用XRD、SEM、TEM分析了合金的结构。结果表明,铸态及快淬态合金均具有多相结构,含有两个主相(La,Mg)Ni3和LaNi5以及一个残余相LaNi2。Zr替代La使合金中LaNi5相明显增加,并促进快淬态合金中形成非晶相。电化学测试的结果表明,Zr替代La明显降低合金的放电容量,但显著改善合金的电化学循环稳定性。当Zr含量小于0.1时,合金的放电容量随淬速的增加而先增加后减小,合金的循环稳定性随淬速的增加而单调增加。     

La0.67Mg0.33Ni3.0-xAlx（x=0.0-0.35）贮氢合金相结构和电化学性能研究

采用X射线衍射、电子探针和电化学测试研究了La0.67Mg0.33Ni3.0-xAlx（x=0.0-0.35）合金的相结构和电化学性能。XRD结果和EPMA观察表明：La0.67Mg0.33Ni3.0合金由LaNi3相和La2Ni7相组成。然而La0.67Mg0.33Ni3.0-xAlx（x=0．1，0．2，0．35）合金不含LaNi3相。研究结果表明Al替代Ni改变了La0．67Mg0．33Ni3.0合金的相结构，Al替代Ni不利于La0．67Mg0．33Ni3.0合金中LaNi3相的形成。此外，随Al含量的增加，La0.67Mg0.33Ni3.0-xAlx（x=0．1，0．2，0．35）合金的相结构也发生了变化。WDS分析表明：随La0.67Mg0.33Ni3.0-xAlx合金中X的增加，Al在LaNis相中的含量增加，但Al在LaNi2相的含量很少并且几乎不随X变化。电化学性能测试表明：Al替代Ni提高了La0.67Mg0.33Ni3.0合金电极的循环稳定性。但La0.67Mg0.33Ni3.0-xAlx合金电极的放电容量却随Al含量的增加而明显降低。     

Effects of rapid quenching on structure and electrochemical characteristics of La0.5Ce0.2Mg0.3Co0.4Ni2.6-xMnx （x=0-0.4） electrode alloys

The La-Mg-Ni system PuNi3-type La0.5Ce0.2Mg0.3Co0.4Ni2.6-xMnx (x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) hydrogen storage alloys were prepared by casting and rapid quenching. The effects of the rapid quenching on the structure and electrochemical characteristics of the alloys were studied. The results obtained by XRD, SEM and TEM indicate that the as-cast and quenched alloys mainly consist of two major phases, (La,Mg)Ni3 and LaNi5, as well as a residual phase LaNi. The rapid quenching does not exert an obvious influence on the phase composition of the alloys, but it leads to an increase of the LaNi5 phase and a decrease of the (La, Mg)Ni3 phase. The as-quenched alloys have a nano-crystalline structure, and the grain sizes of the alloys are in the range of 20-30 nm. The results by the electrochemical measurements indicate that both the discharge capacity and the high rate discharge(HRD) ability of the alloy first increase and then decrease with the variety of quenching rate and obtain the maximum values at the special quenching rate which is changeable with the variety of Mn content. The rapid quenching significantly improves the cycle stabilities of the alloys, but it slightly impairs the activation capabilities of the alloys.     

Structures and electrochemical performances of La_(0.75-x)Zr_xMg_(0.25)Ni_(3.2)Co_(0.2)Al_(0.1) (x=0-0.2) electrode alloys prepared by melt spinning

The La-Mg-Ni system A2B7-type electrode alloys with nominal composition La0.75-xZrxMg0.25Ni3.2Co0.2Al0.1(x=0,0.05, 0.1,0.15,0.2)were prepared by casting and melt-spinning.The influences of melt spinning on the electrochemical performances as well as the structures of the alloys were investigated.The results obtained by XRD,SEM and TEM show that the as-cast and spun alloys have a multiphase structure,consisting of two main phases(La,Mg)Ni3 and LaNi5 as well as a residual phase LaNi2.The melt spinning leads to an obvious increase of the LaNi5 phase and a decrease of the(La,Mg)Ni3 phase in the alloys.The results of the electrochemical measurement indicate that the discharge capacity of the alloys(x≤0.1)first increases and then decreases with the increase of spinning rate,whereas for x0.1,the discharge capacity of the alloys monotonously falls.The melt spinning slightly impairs the activation capability of the alloys,but it significantly enhances the cycle stability of the alloys.     

La0.7Ce0.3Ni3.75Mn0.35Al0.15Cu0.75-xFex合金的相结构和电化学储氢性能（英文）

采用感应熔炼和热处理的方法制备La0.7Ce0.3Ni3.75Mn0.35Al0.15Cu0.75?xFex(x=0~0.20)合金,并研究合金的相结构和电化学储氢性能。全部合金均为单一的具有CaCu5结构的LaNi5相,LaNi5相的晶格常数a和晶胞体积随着x值的增加而增大。最大放电容量随着x值的增加从319.0mA·h/g(x=0)降低到291.9mA·h/g(x=0.20)。在1200mA/g的电流密度下HRD值从53.1%(x=0)降低到44.2%(x=0.20)。合金电极的循环稳定性随着x值的增加而增强,这主要归因于合金抗粉化能力的增强。     

Influences of stoichiometric ratio B/A on structures and electrochemical behaviors of La0.75Mg0.25Ni3.5Mx (M=Ni, Co; x=0-0.6) hydrogen storage alloys

In order to investigate the influences of the stoichiometric ratio of B/A (A: gross A-site elements, B: gross B-site elements) and the substitution of Co for Ni on the structures and electrochemical performances of the AB3.5-4.1-type electrode alloys, the La-Mg-Ni-Co system La0.75Mg0.25Ni3.5Mx (M=Ni, Co; x= 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6) alloys were prepared by induction melting in a helium atmosphere. The structures and electrochemical performances of the alloys were systemically measured. The results show that the structures and electrochemical performances of the alloys are closely relevant to the B/A ratio. All the alloys exhibit a multiphase structure, including two major phases, (La, Mg)2Ni7 and LaNi5, and a residual phase LaNi2, and with rising ratio B/A, the (La,Mg)2Ni7 phase decreases and the LaNi5 phase increases significantly. When ratio B/A=3.7, the alloys obtain the maximum discharge capacities. The high rate discharge(HRD) capability of the alloy (M=Ni) monotonously rises with growing B/A ratio, but that of the alloy (M=Co) first mounts up then declines. The cycle stability of the alloy (M=Co) monotonously increases with rising B/A ratio, but it first decreases slightly then increases for the alloy (M=Ni). The discharge potential of the alloy (M=Ni) declines with increasing B/A ratio (x＞0.2), but for the alloy (M=Co), the result is contrary. The substitution of Co for Ni significantly ameliorates the electrochemical performances. For a fixed ratio B/A=3.7, the Co substitution enhances the discharge capacity from 365.7 to 401.8 mA-h/g, the capacity retention ratio (S100) after 100 charging-discharging cycles from 50.32% to 53.26% and the HRD from 88.65% to 90.69%.     

La1＋xMg2-xNi9（x=0，0．5，1．0，1．5）合金的储氢性能及电化学性能研究

利用高频熔炼方法制备了La1＋xMg2-xNi9（x=0，0．5，1．0，1．5）系列合金，并对其进行了XRD分析和储氢容量及电化学性能测定。结果表明：随着La含量增大，合金中LaNi5和（La，Mg）Ni3相转变为LaNi3相，且Mg2Ni相出现，晶胞体积也增大，合金的储氢容量和电化学性能提高；当x=1．5时，Mg2Ni相消失，合金的储氢性能有所下降。当x=1．0时，即La2MgNi9合金具有较好的储氢容量及电化学容量。