一款新颖的适用于Buck型芯片的反转保护电路

介绍一款可用于Buck型芯片的反转保护电路,本电路能精确监测电感电流,在电感电流过零时关断整流管,从而保护芯片.在0.6μm BiCOMS工艺下,Hspice仿真结果表明该电路能够实现反转保护的功能,并具有阈值电压精确,对电源不敏感的优点.     

一种低功耗同步BUCK芯片的过零检测电路设计

同步BUCK芯片在轻载模式下会产生因电感电流倒灌而产生的额外功耗。针对这一问题,设计了一款过零检测电路。该电路采用两个不同电压门限采集技术,并对门限进行温度补偿,有效限制了电感电流的倒灌;同时设计了边沿隐匿电路,避免电路切换时引起的误触发。该过零检测电路基于0.25μm BCD工艺设计,利用HSPICE仿真验证。当系统温度在-40℃~120℃变化时,负阈值电压容差仅为0.2 m V,实现了高精度的过零检测,且静态功耗极低。     

一种新型高精度电流检测电路的设计

针对待检测的负载电阻在实际电路中存在偏差问题,提出新型轨到轨电流检测电路。利用对称的轨到轨跨导运放电路,将输入电压转化成电流,通过两级运放组成的负反馈电路,将电流输出。该电流检测电路增加了输入电压范围,也没有了传统串联电阻检测结构的采样保持支路,并且对待检测电阻进行步进设计来减小误差,进一步提高检测电路的精度。该电路采用GLOBALFOUNDRIES 0.13μm RF SOI-CMOS工艺实现,工作电压为5 V,启动时间为27 ns,静态功耗为1.17 mW,电流检测电路检测精度高达99.43%。     

一种新型的nA量级CMOS基准电流源

设计了一种新型的、不随电源电压变化的、温度系数很小的nA量级CMOS基准电流源,并分析了该电路的工作原理。该基准电流源不需要使用电阻,大大节省了芯片的面积。基于TSMC 0.18μmCMOS厚栅工艺,使用Spectre对电路进行了仿真。仿真结果表明,在输出基准电流为46 nA的情况下,该电路的温度系数为24.33 ppm/℃,输出电流变化率仅为0.028 9%/V,电源抑制比(PSRR)最高可达-85 dB,电路消耗的电流小于200 nA。     

一种二阶温度补偿的CMOS带隙基准电路

提出了一种可用于标准CMOS工艺下且具有二阶温度补偿电路的带隙基准源。所采用的PTAT2电流电路是利用了饱和区MOSFET的电流特性产生的,具有完全可以与标准CMOS工艺兼容的优点。针对在该工艺和电源电压下传统的启动电路难以启动的问题,引入了一个电阻,使其可以正常启动。基准核心电路中的共源共栅结构和串联BJT管有效地提高了电源抑制比,降低了温度系数。基于TSMC 0.35μm CMOS工艺运用HSPICE软件进行了仿真验证。仿真结果表明,在3.3V供电电压下,输出基准电压为1.2254V,温度系数为2.91×10-6V/℃,低频的电源抑制比高达96dB,启动时间为7μs。     

一种采用CDS电路的高精度温度传感器

采用相关双采(CDS)电路,设计了一种新颖的高精度温度传感器,该温度传感器可用于CMOS集成电路的过温检测。传感器的温度感应部分仅采用9个MOS管,其输出的包含温度信息的电流信号通过一个电容进行积分,随后采用CDS电路对积分信号进行消除kTC噪声和降低1/f噪声处理,并同时进行采样处理,得到与温度成正比的电压信号。该新型温度传感器与标准CMOS工艺兼容,且仿真结果表明其具有较高的性能。     

基于自适应并联电感同步开关控制的压电能量俘获电路设计

并联电感同步开关（P-SSHI）电路可以提高压电能量俘获能力,但其能量俘获效率受到开关控制精准性、整流电路导通压降等因素的影响。因此,本文提出了一种将超低压降有源整流与自适应P-SSHI结构相结合的高效压电能量俘获电路。其中,超低压降有源整流的上半桥采用交叉耦合被动开关的PMOS对管结构,下半桥则采用有源电路控制开关的NMOS对管结构,从而有效地降低了整流电路的导通压降。为进一步提高电路的压电俘获效率,本文采用自适应同步开关控制的P-SSHI结构以提高开关控制的精准性。该结构通过对整流电路中的电流进行过零检测确定同步开关的闭合时刻,对L-C振荡回路中的电流进行过零检测确定同步开关的断开时刻。实验结果表明,所提电路可以实现同步开关的自适应控制,并可有效提高压电能量俘获电路的整体效率。与全桥整流电路相比,本文所提电路可将输出功率提高到235%。     

电流控制电流传输器的温度补偿技术

针对于目前CMOS电流控制电流传输器(CCCII)中普遍存在的温度依赖性问题,提出一个新的温度补偿技术。这种技术主要使用电流偏置电路和分流电路为CCCII产生偏置电流,其中偏置电路中的电流和μC′OX成正比。基于0.5μm CMOS工艺参数,运用HSPICE仿真软件,对提出的电路进行仿真,仿真结果验证了电路的正确性。     

基于FPGA的晶闸管过零触发调功电路设计

本文针对传统的用模拟电路方法设计晶闸管过零触发脉冲电路的缺点,采用FPGA为核心.设计了一个8级功率可调的晶闸管过零触发电路,该电路包括三部分:过零脉冲产生;控制信号产生;负载触发脉冲产生.三相同步方波信号输入该电路后,将产生6路脉冲个数可调的过零触发信号,从而实现对负载功率的调节.文章采用Ouarts Ⅱ平台仿真,VHDL语言实现编程,电路简单实用,可靠性高.     

用于Buck型电源芯片的电流检测电路

电流检测是采用电流模式PWM控制方案的DC-DC变换器中最重要的技术之一。分析了目前电流检测电路的优点和不足,基于TSMC0.18μm工艺,设计了一款高精度的电流检测电路,该电路不需要运算放大器,从而简化了电路结构,降低了设计的复杂度,而且有很好的线性度,其采样率不会随着温度和输入电压的改变而改变,实现了高精度的检测。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.