不同应变速率下DP980双相钢微观组织特征及变形机制

为了研究DP980双相钢在不同应变速率下的微观组织特征及变形机制。通过室温准静态拉伸(0.001、0.01和0.1 s^-1)和分离式霍普金森拉杆高应变速率拉伸实验(1 156、2 861和3721 s^-1)进行了力学性能评测。借助OM和SEM对变形断口附近的材料的显微组织微观形貌进行了系统表征和分析。结果表明：DP980双相钢的屈服强度、抗拉强度和断后伸长率随着应变速率的提高而不断提升，表现出明显的塑性和强度的双增现象。不同应变速率下DP980双相钢的断裂方式均为韧性断裂，但在高应变速率下韧窝分布更为均匀，且大尺寸韧窝数量以及韧窝深度均大幅增加。在高应变速率下除了在铁素体和马氏体相界面发生脱粘现象外，马氏体基体内部出现了开裂现象，表明马氏体也参与了较大程度的变形。     

双相钢在不同应变速率下的力学性能研究

对目前广泛应用于汽车零件的三种双相钢DP590、DP780和DP980进行了室温条件下的准静态力学性能和动态力学性能测试。在准静态条件下,通过对不同方向的双相钢试样进行单向拉伸,研究三种双相钢的力学性能的各向异性以及三种双相钢的强度和塑形差别;在动态载荷条件下,研究双相钢的变形抗力与应变速率之间的变化关系,通过对应变速率敏感性指数分析,获得三种双相钢的应变速率敏感性大小及其与强度级别之间的关系。     

B340-590DP双相高强钢板的动态变形行为

采用动态拉伸试验方法对双相高强钢B340-590DP的动态变形行为进行了研究,试验的应变速率为0.003~530s-1,得到了不同应变速率下的应力-应变曲线。并对不同应变速率下的材料伸长率、抗拉强度以及显微组织进行了分析。试验结果显示,随着材料应变速率的升高,双相钢材料的流变应力、屈服强度和抗拉强度均随之升高,双相钢材料在中等应变速率范围内的伸长率和成形性最好。双相钢的显微组织分析表明,双相钢变形主要发生在铁素体相内,铁素体晶粒沿着高速拉伸方向被拉长。     

典型汽车板的动态力学特性分析

采用高速拉伸试验机,对车身常用板材DC06、HC340LA、HC420/780DP 3种汽车用钢,实施了不同应变速率(0. 003 s-1、20 s-1、50 s-1、100 s-1、200 s-1、400 s-1、700 s-1)条件下的高速拉伸实验,得到相应的应力-应变曲线,并对其进行了动态力学特性分析。结果表明:3种汽车钢均表现出应变速率敏感特性,材料在动态载荷作用下存在应变速率强化效应,屈服强度和抗拉强度均大于准静态条件下的相关指标。同时在高应变速率下,材料呈现出增塑特征,强度级别越低的材料,应变速率敏感性越大,并且屈服强度的应变速率敏感性要高于抗拉强度。     

800MPa级冷轧双相钢的动态变形行为及本构模型

采用Hopkinson拉杆试验系统对800 MPa级冷轧双相钢（DP800）进行动态拉伸试验,动态拉伸选择应变速率为500、1000和2250 s-1.通过比较试验结果得出:双相钢的塑性延伸强度R_p0.2和抗拉强度R_m与应变速率的关系呈指数形式增加;DP800在高应变速率塑性变形会产生绝热温升效应,计算可得DP800在应变速率为2250 s-1时拉伸变形产生的绝热温升为89℃.基于J-C（Johnson-Cook）模型和Z-A（Zerilli-Armstrong）模型,对DP800的本构模型进行了研究,并对J-C模型应变速率效应多项式进行二次化修正,修正后的J-C模型相较于J-C模型对DP800在不同应变速率下的平均可决系数从0.9228提高到0.9886.      

高强TRIP钢的动态力学性能

将Si-Mn系双相钢（DP钢）作为对比钢种,分析研究了高应变速率下600 MPa级Si-Mn系TRIP钢及含Al、Ni的1000 MPa级TRIP钢的显微组织及其动态力学性能.对DP钢而言,其抗拉强度随着应变速率的增大而升高,断裂延伸率则由于绝热温升的作用也呈上升趋势;对TRIP钢而言,随着应变速率的增大,其抗拉强度不断增大,断裂延伸率先减小后增大,但无法达到其静态拉伸时的塑性水平,这是由于在动态拉伸条件下奥氏体向马氏体的渐进式转变被抑制造成的.此外,在相同应变速率下测得的TRIP钢的绝热温升始终比DP钢高,而这部分高出的热量应当来自于在动态变形条件下TRIP钢中发生TRIP效应后释放的相变潜热.      

应变速率对Q460连铸坯高温力学性能的影响

摘要：采用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机和金相法测试了不同应变速率下建筑用钢Q460连铸坯的高温力学性能,获得了600~1200℃范围内Q460连铸坯的高温强度、热塑性和最终室温组织随拉伸温度和应变速率的变化规律。结果表明,当Q460连铸坯在较高的应变速率（10s-1）下进行高温拉伸时,试样的断面收缩率随着拉伸温度的升高而升高,没有出现高温脆性区;在较低的应变速率（10-3s-1）下进行高温拉伸时,试样的断面收缩率出现了2个脆性区,第1个在1100℃至熔点温度,第2个脆性区间在700℃附近。总体来说,实验钢种的高温断面收缩率均大于65%,表明建筑用钢Q460连铸坯具有较好的高温热塑性。此外,同一应变速率下,Q460连铸坯的抗拉强度随着拉伸温度的升高而降低,而伸长率随着拉伸温度的升高而升高。     

10Ni5CrMoV船体钢拉伸性能的高应变速率效应

在1.6×10-3～1.2×103s-1的应变速率范围内,研究了应变速率对10Ni5CrMoV钢室温拉伸性能的影响.结果表明,应变速率对10Ni5CrMoV钢的断裂方式没有影响,拉伸试样均为塑性断裂,断裂微观机制主要是位错滑移;抗拉强度随应变速率增加而略有增加;伸长率随应变速率的增加先下降后上升,但总体无降低;高应变速率并未造成该钢的脆化.根据位错滑移机制对此进行了说明.     

不同应变速率下TiAl基合金压缩断裂行为的研究

通过力学性能测试和扫描电镜观察,研究了全层组织和双态组织γ-TiAl基合金在不同应变速率下的压缩断裂行为。结果表明：室温下其压缩性能远远优于拉伸性能,且表现出一定的塑性;材料的力学性能参数对应变速率非常敏感,当应变速率逐渐增加时,全层组织的屈服强度和抗压强度均呈增大趋势;而双态组织在应变速率由静态、准静态到动态的变化范围内,屈服强度和抗压强度的值先减小后增大,当应变速率ε′=9.8×10^-4s^-1时,屈服强度和抗压强度的值达到最小;试样的最终断裂是通过裂纹的形核、扩展以及相互贯通而形成的,断裂面主要由剪应力形成的剪切无定形断裂特征和正应力形成的解理断裂特征组成,并且在不同应变速率下其断口也呈现出规律性的变化。     

TRIP和DP钢在不同温度下的动态拉仲特性

采用专用高／低温Hopkinson拉伸杆（THSB）装置研究了TRIPT00和DP600钢在大范围应变率和温度下的应力一应变表现。发现试验铜（尤其是TRIP钢）的力学性能受温度和应变率的强烈影响。试验钢中有益的TRIP效果在75～150℃之间达到极限。用xRD研究了TRIP钢中残余奥氏体的转变行为，发现其相变速率随温度的下降而上升，且随应变率的增加而下降。还用唯象模型描述了TRIP和DP钢在不同温度和应变率下的力学特性。     

Dynamic Deformation Behavior of Dual Phase Ferritic-Martensitic Steel at Strain Rates From 10-4 to 2000 s-1

The deformation behavior of the dual phase steel (DP 1000 steel) was studied by the quasi-static tensile experiment and the dynamic tensile experiment. The experiments were carried out at strain rates ranging from 10^?4 to 2000 s^?1 at room temperature. Then the stress-strain curves of DP1000 steel in the strain rate range of 10^?4–2000 s^?1 were measured. By introducing the strain rate sensitivity factor m, Zerilli-Armstrong model was optimized. The constitutive equation parameters which formulate the mechanical behavior of DP1000 steel were fitted based on the Johnson-Cook (JC) constitutive model and the optimized Zerilli-Armstrong (ZA) constitutive model, respectively. By comparing indicators of “accuracy-of-fit”, R² terms, for the two models, the optimized Zerilli-Armstrong constitutive model can reflect plastic deformation behavior both at the low and high strain rates more accurately. The reasons why the optimized Zerilli-Armstrong constitutive model is more advantageous than the Johnson-Cook model were discussed by using the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) versus strain rates, and strain hardening rate versus effective plastic strain analytical methods.     

DP980钢的动态力学性能及本构模型构建

随着汽车轻量化事业的不断推进,先进高强DP钢得到了快速的发展和应用.而汽车碰撞过程安全性的模拟仿真,对DP钢提出了动态力学性能数据的迫切需求.利用万能拉伸试验机和高速拉伸试验机系统研究了高强度DP980钢不同应变速率下的力学性能,构建并修正了基于JC模型的动态本构数学模型,并进行了模型计算结果与试验数据的对比分析.试验...     

Tensile Mechanical Behavior of Cold Rolled Si-Mn Steel Under Different Strain Rates

Tensile mechanical behavior of cold rolled Si-Mn steel after TRIP (TRansformation Induced Plasticity) and DP (Dual Phase) treatment were investigated under different strain rates.The dynamic tensile test was carried out using the rotation disk bar-bar tensile impact apparatus.At static tension test condition,the values of total elongation for TRIP steel was approximately 2-3 times higher than DP steel because of TRIP effect;the DP steel showed a higher tensile strength because of 39.6vol% martensite in the matrix.The results of tension test at high strain rate condition were different.For the studied steel,the elongation increased with increasing strain rate due to softening of matrix caused by adiabatic heating;in addition,TRIP steel at low strain rate was always higher than that at high strain rate because progressive strain induced retained austenite was suppressed at high strain rate.     

冲击载荷下低屈服比高强钢板的拉伸性能

通过室温下的仪器化冲击试验和静态拉伸试验,研究一种低屈服比高强度钢板在冲击载荷下的力学性能和断裂机理.结果表明:试验钢的组织由细小岛状马氏体与针状铁素体为主构成,马氏体体积分数为27.6%.与静态拉伸性能相比,在名义应变速率为100 s-1的冲击载荷作用下,试验用钢屈服强度提高31.6%,延伸率不降低.在静态和动态载荷下,该钢均以显微空洞长大聚集的方式发生韧性断裂,但显微空洞的形核和长大方式不同.在静态载荷下,显微空洞形核于颈缩区的铁素体晶粒内部或铁素体-马氏体两相界面处,空洞主要通过两相界面的脱开而形成长大;在动态载荷下,显微空洞主要形核于颈缩区的两相界面处,空洞主要通过马氏体粒子的开裂而形成长大.     

Effect of strain and strain rate on the bauschinger effect response of three different steels

The Bauschinger behavior after a strain reversal was evaluated for samples with microstructures representative of production sheets for a low-carbon (LC) steel, a high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steel, and a dual-phase (DP) steel. The microstructures were produced in the samples by laboratory hot rolling and heat treatment. Bauschinger tests were run at strain rates of 0.0001, 0.001, and 0.01 s⁻¹, with tensile prestrains between 1 and 7 pct. After the reversal, the samples were strained 2 pct in compression. The Bauschinger effect is described by a Bauschinger effect parameter (BE), which is the difference between the steel strength at reversal and the 0.05 pct offset yield strength on the reversal, normalized by the steel strength at reversal. It is found that the Bauschinger effect is a continuous increasing function of the strength of the steel, provided the steel is prestrained at least 2.5 pct or beyond the yield point elongation. A single trend line describes the Bauschinger effect variation with steel strength, for all three steels in the present study and for an aluminum-killed drawing quality (AKDQ) steel from a previous investigation. No strain rate influence on the BE was found, due to the limited strain rate range and data uncertainty.     

应变速率对高氮奥氏体不锈钢塑性流变行为的影响

研究了室温拉伸时应变速率对高氮奥氏体不锈钢18%Cr-18%Mn-0.65%N力学性能和塑性流变行为的影响。结果表明,随应变速率的升高,试验钢的屈服强度Rp0.2升高,而抗拉强度Rm及塑性略有降低;在各应变速率下,试验钢的塑性流变行为均可以用Ludwigson模型进行描述;应变速率的升高对试验钢流变方程参数的影响如下：1）强度系数K1、应变硬化指数n1和n2减小,试验钢的加工硬化能力降低;2）真实屈服强度TYS降低;3）瞬变应变εL减小,表明升高应变速率能够促进位错多系滑移和交滑移。     

Influence of strain rate on tensile properties and fracture behaviour of DP600 and DP780 dual-phase steels

The influences of the strain rate on the tensile properties and fracture behaviour of DP600 and DP780 advanced high-strength sheet steels have been studied. The variation of their mechanical properties depending on the strain rate have been researched by applying uniaxial tensile tests at three different strain rates (0.001, 0.01, 0.06?s^?1). The influences of strain rate on fracture behaviour have been investigated by displaying the fracture surfaces of the material. Strain rate increase has been determined to increase the yield strength, tensile strength, total elongation and hardening rate. The strain hardening coefficient has been found not to be significantly affected by the strain rate. It has been determined that, the fracture has occurred faster during necking while load-carrying capacity has increased with strain rate increase.