Research perspective: Japan

The new director of the Building Research Institute of Japan describes an interwoven pattern in which work is done by the Institute for the policies of government through the Ministry of Construction, for other government agencies and for private firms; researchers from private laboratories are also accepted each year and can then take back the results learned. The number of staff, including 120 researchers and research assistants, is relatively small, highly qualified and has an average age of 37. International collaboration is an important activity.     

Research perspective: Sweden

The director of the National Swedish Institute of 1 Building Research gives a perspective view with a ‘difference, namely on why the results of building research seem to provoke little direct interest from practising architects in that country. He suggests that it has much to do with the way architects do their job but, more importantly, probably originates in the way architects and researchers are trained, and he makes comparisons with the situation in farming and medicine. His views may strike echoes in other lands. The article is based on a paper given by Professor Antoni to the Swedish Architects’ Assembly. The cartoons are by Leif Rönn.     

Research perspective: Korea

The Korea Institute of Construction Technology was founded only four years ago; its President, now a member of the CIB Board, here gives a factual outline of its aims and organisation. A wide range of subjects are the concern of seven research departments, but the total staff is comparatively small at 134; of these some three-quarters are research staff. With the establishment of the main research facilities, the total budget has been reduced from a peak in 1985, and for this year amounts to the equivalent of 2.6 million US dollars.     

Research perspective: The UK

The director of the UK Building Research Establishment here outlines how the oldest building research station in the world was merged with other laboratories in 1972 to become the BRE, responsible to the Department of the Environment and working primarily as 'contractors' for 'customers' within DOE. Despite a multiplicity of tasks in five different research stations, organised through 18 divisions and six departments, staff numbers have been reduced by some 40 percent in the past decade. Recent major inter-discipline studies have prompted the use of 'matrix management'.     

Building Research Institute in Japan: past, present and future

The rise of private research institutes linked to Japanese contractors and manufacturers has divided research into either the public or private sector. This paper provides the background history and context to building research in Japan, addresses what suitable strategies exist for the publicly-funded Building Research Institute, what research topics are suitable for government funding and how public and private research organizations might develop strategies of co-operation. La creation d'instituts de recherche prives lies a des entreprises et des fabricants japonais a separe la recherche entre le secteur public et le prive. L'auteur de l'article rappelle les faits et presente le cadre de la recherche dans le secteur du b^ atiment au Japon; il recense les strategies que pourrait adopter l'Institut de recherche sur le batiment a financement public, ainsi que les sujets de recherche qui pourraient beneficier de credits publics et explique comment les organisations de recherche publiques et privees pourraient elaborer des politiques de cooperation.     

多维视野下的地域建筑延续性研究

基于整体设计观理论,从美学、符号学、民俗学、城市设计多维视野下,对地域建筑的延续性进行了分析,指出地域建筑具有独特的地域文化与精神,只有从不同社会角度分析地域建筑,现代建筑设计才能更好地从地域建筑中得到借鉴。     

日本首都功能转移考

本文主要介绍日本政府与学术界正在积极进行的日本首都功能转移的研究课题。内容包括首都功能转移的缘由和目标,从１９５０年代开始的研究进程,建设新首都城市的规划设想、规模布局、城市设计、工作程序与具体实施方案,新城市的选址、转移的期限与条件,最新的进展情况以及东京作为国际城市的建设新起点等。     

日本首都功能转移考

本文主要介绍日本政府与学术界正在积极进行的日本首都功能转移的研究课题.内容包括首都功能转移的缘由和目标,从1950年代开始的研究进程,建设新首都城市的规划设想、规模布局、城市设计、工作程序与具体实施方案,新城市的选址、转移的期限与条件,最新的进展情况以及东京作为国际城市的建设新起点等.     

日本儿童室外游戏空间研究及实践

营造儿童友好型社会,给人们良好的育儿环境,已经成为全社会不得不面临的问题。从儿童视角出发,分析日本社会儿童成长发育环境的特征,为儿童提供适合的室外游戏活动空间,以解决社会问题,创造适于儿童健康成长与教育的环境等方面的问题,进行了诸如"森林幼儿园"等以自然为游戏空间的探索,更从国家层面对于儿童友好型环境的设计规划提出"十二条基本原则"等方针政策。考虑中国经济发展阶段和社会现状,与日本存在差距的同时也存在发展路径上的历史相似性,日本体验自然儿童游戏空间的建设为中国儿童游戏空间的营造和儿童教育提供了宝贵的经验参考。     

日本PFI事业发展及政府管制问题研究

从20世纪90年代初开始,日本经济陷入了长期低迷的状况,财政日益艰难,基础设施投资明显不足;同时,第三方机构的经营失败,迫使日本政府探讨新的基础设施组织形式和经营方式,在这一背景下,日本政府开始积极推进PFI事业的发展.在不足10年的时间内,日本PFI事业日益发展壮大,并且形成了由事业推进、资金支持、事业监督、专业咨询四个方面组成的规范的管理体制.研究日本PFI事业的发展历程及管理体制,可以为我国引导、促进和规范PFI事业发展提供指导和借鉴.     

日本垃圾处理模式研究

近20年来,随着经济的快速发展,日本的垃圾年产生量已由1980年的4390万吨／年增加到2000年的5240万吨／年,垃圾排出量的年增长率在0．89％以上,日本国内人均排放量已超过1公斤／天。     

“由表及里”——日本城市表层研究的启示

沿街商铺带有巨大的自发性和流动性,从本质上来说是最抗拒城市规划的。而商铺本身的装修和设计更具有自发的个性和临时性,一个个争艳的橱窗占据着城市街道的“表层”,组成了城市街道景观的丰富表皮。文章尝试以剖析日本东京大学建筑学院城市“表层”研究为引线,讨论日本建筑师如何在城市背景下通过处理建筑表皮的方式,达到改善城市区域空间品质的目的。     

整体观视角下的武汉城市圈空间结构研究

结合复杂科学管理的整体观理论,分析了武汉1+8城市圈原有空间结构的弊端,从分析问题的新视角、非加和定律和效用最大化定律三方面,探讨了武汉城市圈空间结构的合理化构成,有利于促进武汉城市圈的良性发展。     

空间正义视角下的河流治理研究

以"空间正义"为视角,对当前河流治理中的不正义现象进行总结归纳,分析其原因,并从治水理念、治理途径、管控机制以及水景观四个方面对河流治理中如何实现空间正义提出建议。     

浅谈中国传统民居中的理想景观模式

阐述了传统民居建筑关于环境的选择、住房形态的选择等都反映了实际生活的利弊，是经过实践证明的行之有效的生活经验总结，体现了人们对传统朴素的自然环境观的理解及追求，而这种理解及追求可以定义为一种深藏于人们内心的“理想景观”模式的追求。