旋转式水液压比例阀的动态特性仿真研究

水液压比例/伺服阀是水液压驱动的自动化装备的核心元件,控制着执行元件的运动速度及方向。设计了一种新型旋转式水液压比例阀,介绍了其组成、工作原理及特点,建立了数学物理模型,对其动态特性,特别是频率响应特性进行了仿真研究。得出:适当减小阀芯半径以及阀芯与阀套的配合长度,或适当增加阀芯与阀套的间隙,可提高系统的稳定性及响应频率;力矩电机的转矩常数与转速常数的选择也会影响系统的稳定性与响应频率。     

Finite element modeling and simulation of proposed design magneto-rheological valve

Magneto-rheological (MR) valve is one of the devices generally used to control the speed of Hydraulic actuator of MR fluid. The performance of valve depends on the magnetic circuit design. Present study deals with a new design of MR valve. A mathematical model for the MR valve is developed and the simulation is carried out to evaluate the newly developed MR valve. The design of the magnetic circuit is accomplished by magnetic finite element software such as Finite Element Method Magnetic (FEMMR). The model dimensions of MR valve, material properties are taken into account. The results of analysis are presented in terms of magnetic strength H and magnetic flux density B. The simulation results based on the proposed model indicate that the efficiency of the proposed MR valve is superior to two other types of MR valves, under the same magnetic flux density. As a conclusion, the new valve design has improved the efficiency of MR valve significantly.     

Water Hydraulic 2/2 Directional Valve with Plane Piston Structure

Due to the fire resistance and environmental compatibility, using water as the working fluid in hydraulic circuits is receiving an increasing attention by both manufactures and users. This hydraulic directional valve is developed. When new water hydraulic directional valve is designed and manufactured, this paper introduces a water hydraulic 2/2 directional valve and its principle. The valve is composed of a hydraulically operated seat valve and a magnetic 3/2 direction valve. Aimed at the serious leakage and impact generating easily in reversing suddenly, an improved structure of water space seal is changed to direct seal, compaction force between main valve spool and main valve pocket was logically designed and damper in pilot valve port is matched with sensitive cavity in main valve. From the view of flow control, the methods of cavitation resistance of the directional water hydraulic valve are investigated. The computational fluid dynamics approaches are applied to obtain static pressure distributions and cavitation images in the channel of the main stage of the valve with two kinds of structure. The results show that the method of optimized spout can effectively restrain cavitation. The work provides some useful reference for developing water hydraulic control valve with the Dower noise and lower vibration. Meantime, the structural parameters are optimized on the basis of information obtained from simulation. Static test, dynamic test and life test are accomplished, and the results show that the water hydraulic directional valve possesses good property, its pressure loss is 1.1 MPa lower, switching time is shorter than 0.025 s, and its strike crest is 0.8 MPa lower. The valve possess fine dynamic performance with the characteristic rapidly action and lower implusion.     

节流口结构对超高压插装阀液流特性的影响

超高压是液压系统未来发展的方向之一,因此分析超高压液压元件的性能非常重要。针对DN25超高压插装阀3种不同阀芯节流口结构的液流特性进行了分析。以Fluent软件为平台,建立了3种不同节流口结构的DN25超高压插装阀流场有限元模型,结合阀口的节流特性分析了流体的速度场和压力场,得到了不同阀口开度下的流量以及阀芯所受液压力,为超高压插装阀结构设计提供了理论基础。     

新型矿用比例方向阀动态特性及控制方法分析

适用于液压支架的比例方向阀代替现有的开关型方向阀,是液压支架智能化的重要组成部分。提出了一款适用于液压支架系统的比例方向阀方案,其兼有手动开关控制模式和电液比例控制模式,建立了其数学模型和仿真模型,分析了其动静态特性。研究表明:主阀进液阀芯位移与输入信号占空比呈线性反比例关系;合理设计反馈槽宽度和进液阀芯面积比可以提高阀芯的响应速度;当仅有液压反馈时,进液阀芯位移仍受控于输入信号,避免了因传感器失效对控制系统造成的灾难性事故的发生;通过增加电反馈与原有液压反馈构成双反馈控制的方式,大幅提高了阀的响应速度、线性度、滞环等特性。     

大通径分段式滑阀阀芯阀套配合间隙的设计

研制了一种用于某节能机械液压控制系统的大通径滑阀式换向阀, 该换向滑阀采用分段式阀芯阀套结构, 由2个二位三通阀组合成1个三位四通阀。利用 SolidWorks对换向阀阀套建模, 分析其在各种工况下的变形情况以及对配合间隙的影响, 并通过变形趋势分析异常泄漏的产生原因, 确定了阀芯阀套最优配合间隙范围为0.030~0.035 mm。试验表明, 在此配合间隙范围时滑阀换向动作灵敏, 复位可靠性高, 泄漏量适当, 满足设计及实际使用要求。     

基于Fluent的不同阀芯与阀体组合的数值模拟研究

从理论上分析液压节流阀的最佳结构形状,利用Fluent软件对不同结构阀芯与阀体组合形式内的流场和压力梯度进行分析。分析得出:单独改进阀座或阀芯时,阀芯对内部流体流动影响较大;在所建立的模型中,双锥面阀座与单锥面阀芯结构的组合阀内流体流动最稳定。     

非全周开口滑阀稳态液动力研究

非全周开口滑阀是液压阀的基本结构形式之一,其阀口是在阀芯凸肩圆周上均布若干不同形状的节流槽,用于获得不同流量控制特性。随着阀口开度变化,阀口节流面的位置、形状和射流角都会随之变化,因而传统理论计算方法无法准确计算压力流量、液动力特性等。采用计算流体动力学(CFD)方法,针对两种典型节流槽形式的滑阀进行了三维流场仿真分析研究,获得了不同流动方向下阀口全行程压力流量和液动力特性,并与试验测量结果进行了比较,两者吻合良好;分析比较了流场计算和理论公式计算结果。研究发现在特定的阀口开度范围内,液动力会使阀口趋于开大。此项研究对于非全周开口滑阀压力流量、液动力等性能预测以及减小阀驱动力具有重要意义。     

Valvistor电液比例流量阀稳定性及特性分析

插装式比例阀具有低泄漏、通流能力强、结构简单等优点,广泛应用于液压系统中,但插装阀所带来的振动及噪声等问题是制约其使用范围的重要因素。对采用流量放大原理的Valvistor型插装阀稳定性及性能进行研究,建立相应的数学模型得出该阀的稳定性条件,发现主阀稳定性与先导阀开口及面积增益有关;在SmiluationX软件环境中建立该阀的仿真模型,并利用实验对其进行验证。理论分析与仿真结果表明:随着主阀进出口压差、反馈窄槽面积梯度的增大,主阀芯响应速度加快,但会导致主阀芯不稳定区域增加;控制腔体积越小,主阀芯稳定性越好。研究结果为该类型阀性能的提高提供了理论依据。     

液压支架用电液换向阀的动态特征及流场特性仿真分析

为了提高液压支架的机械控制能力,利用电液换向阀完成支架控制箱动作控制。该文采用流体动力学仿真了电液换向阀的动态特征及流场特性。研究结果表明:当时间到达0.14 s时二级阀芯发生运动,出口流量快速增大至一个峰值状态;随着阀芯到达一个稳定运动状态后,换向阀也达到1013 L/min的稳定出口流量。换向阀在高压大流量系统内工作时将会快速到达峰值压力,产生液压冲击作用并使支架立柱受到破坏。当流体由阀套流至阀芯时因为过流断面的面积会迅速降低,使压力下降4.1 MPa,形成压力集中损失的区域,同时在阀芯的主流道区域还会形成均匀的压力分布状态。从阀口的下游最初进入阀芯的主通道位置时将达到最大流速,等于109 m/s,表明该部位形成了最小的过流面积。     

新型大流量高水基电液比例换向阀的设计和研究

针对煤矿井下液压支架系统液压冲击大的问题,设计了一款新型大流量高水基电液比例换向阀。介绍了所研制的电液比例换向阀的结构及工作原理,并利用AMESim仿真软件搭建了该阀的仿真模型。研究表明,在斜坡信号输入的情况下,该阀能实现正常换向且主阀口开口大小与输入信号成正比例趋势;在阶跃信号输入的情况下,验证了阀的稳定性并分析了阻尼孔和主阀芯末端锥度对阀性能的影响,发现设置合适的阻尼孔直径有利于提高阀的响应速度,合理选择主阀芯末端锥度大小可以提高阀的稳定性。     

滚珠丝杠压扭型2D电液比例方向阀动态特性研究

提出了一种滚珠丝杠型压扭联轴器,该联轴器能将输出力放大约20倍,有效地解决了因比例电磁铁磁饱和造成直动比例方向阀无法实现大流量的问题。该联轴器将2D方向阀和比例电磁铁相连接,利用压扭放大驱动技术,将电磁力转化为阀芯左右两端不平衡的液压力,以克服摩擦力、卡紧力和液动力等非线性因素的影响。对主阀P-A处与导控级的压力分布和流场分布进行了仿真分析,理论与实验研究表明：压扭联轴器有效地放大了电磁力,在流量约为210L/min的情况下,阀的阶跃响应约为0.35s,该阀-90°频率为4Hz左右。叠加一定颤振对改善阀的阶跃响应不明显,但能较好保证阀芯位移与电磁铁位移之间的跟随性。     

基于AMESim的长江船闸液压启闭机液压系统中插装式平衡阀稳定性分析

以长江船闸液压启闭机液压系统为对象进行研究,利用AMESim软件搭建该液压启闭机液压平衡回路仿真模型,并对整个船闸开启过程和关闭过程中插装式平衡阀内主阀芯弹簧刚度等主要参数进行单因素仿真。利用统计学分析这些单因素参数对长江船闸液压启闭机液压系统稳定性的影响。基于L₂₅(5⁴)正交试验,采用方差和极差分析法处理液压缸运行的压力曲线,得到选择范围内最佳的参数组合。结果表明：平衡阀内控制阻尼孔和主阀芯刚度等主要参数对液压缸运行压力和速度平稳性会产生重要影响,且通过正交试验可知较优参数组合为：阻尼孔尺寸0.71 mm,主阀芯弹簧刚度402 N/mm,主阀芯弹簧预紧力60 N,单向阀芯弹簧刚度3.87 N/mm。为螺纹插装式平衡阀的设计及液压启闭机液压系统参数优化提供指导。     

双向液压式调速器系统数学建模与仿真

螺旋桨飞机飞行时,调速器系统对飞机飞行的稳定性及发动机安全性起着关键作用。针对双向液压式调速器系统,通过数学建模和仿真方法研究该调速器系统的动态特性。以某双向液压式调速器系统为研究对象,分析其结构组成和工作原理,根据牛顿第二定律和流体连续方程分别建立了该调速器系统的力-运动数学模型和流量数学模型,并对数学模型中所有力的产生原因和求解方式进行了分析和求解。通过结合数学模型和仿真软件,分别对调速器控制活门和整个调速器系统进行了仿真,重点分析了无反馈的控制活门的实际运动过程和带反馈的整个调速器系统的发动机转速变化及螺旋桨角度变化,得到了控制活门的振动曲线和螺旋桨角度变化曲线。     

液压换向滑阀内部结构的健壮性设计

为了优化液压滑阀可控因子以降低滑阀开启或关闭时操纵性能对噪声因子的敏感性,提高液压滑阀工作时的可控性与稳定性,提出了液压滑阀健壮性设计方法。利用计算流体动力学方法对液压滑阀开启或关闭时内部流体的动态特性进行了仿真模拟,分析了滑阀内部流道结构参数、阀芯运动速度、滑阀进油口与出油口压差对瞬态液动力的影响,并借助于试验设计和响应面函数方法,获得了滑阀瞬态液动力与各参数的定量化关系。最后以滑阀内部流道结构参数为设计变量,阀芯运动速度和滑阀进出油口压差为不可控的噪声因子,以仿真中液压换向滑阀瞬态液动力服从正态分布且方差最小为目标,对滑阀进行了健壮性设计,设计结果表明,通过对结构参数进行优化设计可明显降低噪声因子对滑阀瞬态液动力的影响。     

Modeling,simulation and experimental validation of flow rate of electro-hydraulic hitch control valve of agricultural tractor

Advances in non-linear control theory have made it possible to develop controllers for non-linear dynamic systems in their nature. The low-cost proportional control valves of the hydraulic control system are examples of such a system where there is no linearity due to the structure of the valves and the flaws in the spool. However, the non-linear analysis and regulation of these hydraulic systems cannot be done without a proper valve model. This paper presents a methodology for the development of an efficient unified model of a three-point hitch (TPH) electro-hydraulic proportional control valve control system for agricultural tractors by means of a parameter estimation technique. Modeling and simulation of the proportional control valve was performed using MATLAB Simulink software. Parameter estimation methodology was used to optimize the effective orifice opening of the solenoid valve to meet the flow characteristics available in the manufacturer's technical data sheet for the proportional control valve model parameters. Such unified Simulink models are useful for simulation, practical capability testing, and non-linear control design. Modeling and simulation of electro-hydraulic hitch (EHH) control valve were made and simulation results were compared with actual experimental results. The simulation results of the TPH lifting and lowering time were found to vary 4 and 12.5 %, respectively with the experimental results. This type of parameterized valve models facilitates their implementation in dynamic simulation models of complex hydraulic systems.     

二通插装式电液比例流量阀的仿真分析

为解决原始电液比例节流阀(结构简单但刚性差)负载变化大的执行元件的速度稳定性问题,基于Valvistor型液压插装阀的流量反馈原理,设计了具有较好的动静态特性的插装式流量反馈型电液比例流量阀,用位移传感器检测先导阀的位移,并对该原理的比例流量阀的动静态特性作了仿真分析,验证所提原理的正确性。     

新型旋转高速开关阀内部流场的动力分析与仿真优化

对一种新型旋转高速开关阀的原理和对阀芯自旋转动力进行分析,结合Ansys/workbench对阀内部流场进行仿真。仿真结果表明,可以利用在输出导向节的设计来增加阀芯的自旋转动力,无需外加驱动能量,利用流体自身动能提高阀芯自旋转速度,从而提高了阀的开关频率。     

永磁体内嵌式超洁净阀及其优化设计方法

面向半导体、生物医药、电子级化工等领域的超洁净流控需求,提出了一种新的永磁体内嵌式超洁净阀结构.将永磁体嵌入超洁净材料(如超纯全氟树脂)所制的阀芯内,通过阀腔外部的永磁体驱动阀芯启闭,从而实现液体介质的超洁净控制.阐述了该超洁净阀的工作原理及优势,对其流量-压损特性进行了仿真计算,并通过不同开口下流体介质对阀芯作用力与...     

Analysis of flow torques during opening and closing of high-frequency rotary directional control valve

A 2D high-frequency rotary directional control valve with a spool having two degrees of freedom for axial linear motion and circumferential rotation is proposed in this paper. The axial linear motion decides the maximum orifice area, and the circumferential rotation lets the orifice area change continuously. One of the known elements impacting valve function is the flow force. This paper systematically analyzes the steady and transient flow torques subjected to the valve through theoretical analysis, AMESim-Fluent joint simulation and experimental tests. The results show that: under a single variable, the flow torques of the 2D high-frequency rotary directional control valve initially increase and then decrease like the sinusoid curve with the rotation of the spool and reach the maximum when the orifice opening is 1/2, and the flow torques are always in the direction of orifice closing and want to close the orifice. When the orifice area increases, the flow torques are the resistance, preventing the spool from opening; when the orifice area decreases, the flow torques are the power, pushing the spool to close. The steady flow torques are proportional to the pressure drop. The direction of the transient flow torque is independent of the relative position of the spool groove and sleeve window, which proportional to the square root of the pressure drop, orifice area and rotational speed. The flow torques are so important in the control of valve and can not be negligible.