滑动轴承聚合物基自润滑材料的开发与应用进展

介绍聚四氟乙烯、聚醚醚酮、聚酰胺、聚甲醛、聚酰亚胺等滑动轴承用自润滑材料的研究开发情况、性能特点及用途,重点介绍了聚醚醚酮基复合材料的共混改性、纤维增强改性、填充改性和表面改性等方面的研究进展和应用情况,并提出了自润滑材料今后的发展方向。     

聚甲醛的摩擦学改性研究进展

综述了近年来聚甲醛（POM）摩擦学改性的各种方法及其摩擦磨损性能与机理。重点讨论了聚合物共混、无机粒子填充、添加润滑剂、添加金属粉末、纤维增强、多元复合以及化学改性对聚甲醛复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响。     

聚四氟乙烯改性聚甲醛自润滑材料的研究

此研究课题为国家“八五”重点科技攻关项目及国家自然科学基金项目，作者介绍了利用固体润滑剂与改性聚甲醛进行混改性，制备聚四氟乙烯改性ＰＯＭ自润滑材料的试验与测试；阐述了ＰＴＥＥ含量与共混体系的力学性能，加工性能与摩擦摩损性能的关系；并对共混效果及机理作了简要的介绍。     

中国塑料专利

<正>一种耐磨聚甲醛复合材料及其制备方法本发明耐磨聚甲醛复合材料由以下原料制成:聚甲醛、改性玻璃纤维、气味吸附母粒、二硫化钼、润滑剂、抗氧剂。本发明耐磨聚甲醛复合材料的原料中采用改性玻璃纤维、气味吸附母粒等原料制得,使制得的耐磨聚甲醛复合材料在耐磨性能方面有了显著的提高,并保持了优异的力学性能,而且耐磨聚甲醛复合材料具有低气味特性。/合肥杰     

技术市场

增韧自润滑聚甲醛复合材料在成核剂、增容剂的合成与筛选基础上,对国产聚甲醛树脂进行共混增韧改性,再添加减摩材料如聚四氟乙烯、超高分子量聚乙烯、硅油、石墨、二硫化钼等其中的一种或几种复合物,制得改性聚甲醛自润滑复合材料。该材料不仅具有良好的力学性能(拉伸、冲击、压溃等) ,而且具有优异的抗磨减摩和自润滑特性,摩擦因数为0 10左右,磨痕宽度为2 0mm/h。该产品可用作塑料轴承、塑料齿轮、金属-塑料复合材料以及其他需要自润滑特性的滑动件材料,在交通、通讯、照明、仪器、电力、金融、石油、建筑等领域有广阔的市场前景。小型规…     

车用复合轴承专用料的研制

由晨光化工研究院塑料机械研究所研制的含铝粉的高润滑聚甲醛与采用自制的偶联剂对铝粉进行处理，避免了在加工中剪切氧化分解，并和其它润滑剂一起共改性聚甲醛具有良好的加工特性和优异摩擦性能，成功地应用于汽车的复合轴承。车用复合轴承专用料的研制@陈玉龙     

POM的摩擦磨耗性能改进

介绍聚甲醛作为耐摩擦自润滑材料的评价指标,各种润滑剂对聚甲醛摩察磨耗性能的改进效果,以及在聚甲醛分子上导入润滑性链段的方法等。     

中国塑料专利

一种翻边轴承用的改性聚甲醛材料中国塑料专利与现有技术相比,本发明采用聚甲醛、热塑性聚氨酯弹性体、固体润滑剂与凹凸棒石粉构成的复合改     

耐磨消音聚甲醛复合材料的开发

在聚甲醛(POM)中添加由主润滑剂、助润滑剂、消音剂、减磨剂及相关助剂组成的复合润滑体系,采用共混改性方法制备了耐磨消音POM复合材料,并将其与纯POM进行对比研究,考察了材料的外观、摩擦磨损性能、消音性能及力学性能。结果表明,耐磨消音POM复合材料耐磨性好,摩擦系数只有纯POM的1/3,比磨损率只有纯POM的48%,极限PV值比纯POM提高了40%;耐磨消音POM复合材料在摩擦试验中全程无噪音产生,摩擦性能在半年测试时间内很稳定;耐磨消音POM复合材料还具有良好的外观及力学性能,成型加工性能优良。     

CF/PTFE混编织物增强自润滑复合材料的压缩性

采用环氧树脂、固体润滑剂及碳纤维布/聚四氟乙烯(CF/PTFE)混编织物来制备复合材料,测试复合材料在常温下的压缩强度、摩擦系数并对其破坏机理进行分析。结果表明,CF增强自润滑复合材料的压缩强度可达503.25 MPa。CF/PTFE混编增强自润滑复合材料压缩强度大幅下降。质量分数20%PTFE混编增强自润滑复合材料压缩强度为243.89 MPa,相比CF增强自润滑复合材料下降51.65%。质量分数20%PTFE混编增强自润滑复合材料摩擦系数较CF增强自润滑复合材料摩擦系数降低了32.35%。     

聚合物减摩自润滑材料在汽车中的应用

综述了聚合物减摩自润滑复合材料在汽车中的应用，对基体树脂的选择、减摩组分和抗摩增强组分的选择与匹配以及复合材料的摩擦机理进行了分述；提出了改善复合材料的减摩自润滑性能的几种途径，为正确设计减摩性聚合物基复合材料提供了依据。     

Synergistic effects of molybdenum disulfide on a novel intumescent flame retardant polyformaldehyde system

A novel intumescent flame retardant (IFR) composed of ammonium polyphosphate (APP), benzoxazine containing trialkoxysilane (BA-a-Si) and melamine (ME), is compounded with different specifications of MoS₂ as synergist to flame retard polyformaldehyde (POM). The flame retardancy and mechanism of the composites are analyzed by limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical combustion (UL-94) and cone calorimeter. At the same time, the mechanical properties and lubricating properties are tested by electromechanical testing machine and wear testing machine. The experimental results show that MoS₂ has a good synergistic effect with IFR, and the smaller the average particle size of MoS₂ is, it seems to be more beneficial to improve the flame retardancy of POM composites. Only a small amount of MoS₂ (0.8 wt%) is needed to synergize with IFR, the flame retardant POM composite (FR-POM) can achieve UL-94 (3.2 mm) V-0 rating, LOI of 62.5%, and heat release rate reduction of 25.3%, total smoke release decreased by 29.5%. In addition, from the mechanical properties analysis, it is found that the microscale MoS₂(M2) can better improve the bending and tensile properties of the FR-POM composites, while the nanoscale MoS₂(N80) is more helpful to improve the lubricating properties.     

Fabrication,mechanical performance and tribological behaviors of polyacetal-fiber-reinforced metakaolin-based geopolymeric composites

A type of new fiber-reinforced geopolymeric composites was developed by combining metakaolin and polyacetal (POM) fibers. High-strength POM fibers were first prepared through melt spinning followed by a hot-drawing procedure, and then a series of metakaolin-based geopolymeric composites with different contents of POM fibers were synthesized. The mechanical and tribological properties of the resulting composites were evaluated, and the morphology and microstructure were investigated. The POM fibers provided significant mechanical reinforcement for the metakaolin-based geopolymer. The composites were optimized for flexural and compressive strength with respect to fiber content and fiber length. Compared to unreinforced geopolymer, the composites obtained an optimum improvement by approximate 150% in flexural strength and by almost 26% in compressive strength. Moreover, the longer POM fibers exhibit a better reinforcement effect on the geopolymer, resulting in a lower optimal fiber content for the composites to achieve the maximum mechanical data. The reinforcing mechanisms were discussed on the basis of morphological investigation and considered as a cumulative energy-dissipating effect by fiber pullout and orientation, fiber rupture, fiber debonding from the matrix, and fiber bridging within cracks. The geopolymeric composites also achieved a considerable reduction in friction coefficient and abrasion loss rate in the presence of POM fibers. Such an enhancement of tribological performance is ascribed to the formation of self-lubricating transfer films between the contact surfaces of composites against the steel counterpart.     

PTFE固体润滑膜技术及其应用

详细介绍了有机高分子聚合物聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)的结构特点及它作为自润滑减磨材料的原理。综述了PTFE作为固体润滑微粒的粘结型固体润滑膜、复合镀型固体润滑膜、TUFRAM固体润滑膜这三种固体润滑膜的性能特点及工艺特点，并介绍了它们在工业上的应用及其发展现状。     

高温自润滑陶瓷复合材料研究进展

工作于高温环境中的陶瓷摩擦副,其润滑问题必须得到解决。由于传统润滑方法难以实施,研制具有自润滑性能的陶瓷或其复合材料无疑是一条很好的途径。本文综述了固体润滑剂、陶瓷以及陶瓷复合材料的高温干摩擦的研究现状。试图分析找出实现这一目标的途径。     

纳米材料及其在工程塑料改性中的应用

简述纳米材料的特性，以及纳米粘土，刚性纳米粒子，碳纳米管和金属纳米粉等纳米材料在聚酰胺，聚甲醛，热塑性聚酯，聚四氟乙烯，聚酰亚胺，聚醚醚酮等通用工程塑料和特种工程塑料改性方面的研究和应用情况，着重分析了工程塑料与各种纳米材料复合的结合点，展望了工程塑料／纳米粒子复合材料的发展前景。     

Percolation phenomena in polymers containing dispersed iron

Metal‐polymer composites based on polyethylene (PE), polyoxymethylene (POM), polyamide (PA) and a PE/POM blend as matrix and dispersed iron (Fe) as filler have been prepared by extrusion of the appropriate mechanical mixtures, and their electrical conductivity, dielectric properties and thermal conductivity have been investigated. The filler spatial distribution is random in the PE‐Fe, POM‐Fe and PA‐Fe composites. In the PE/POM‐Fe composite the polymer matrix is two‐phase and the filler is contained only in the POM phase, resulting in an ordered distribution of dispersed Fe in the volume of polymer blend. The transition through the percolation threshold ?_c is accompanied by a sharp increase of the values of conductivity σ, dielectric constant ε′ and dielectric loss tangent tan δ. The critical indexes of the equations of the percolation theory are close to the theoretical ones in the PE‐Fe and POM‐Fe composites, whereas they take unusually high values in the PE/POMFe composite. Thus, t in the equation σ ～ (φ – φ_c)^t is 2.9–3.0 in the systems characterized by random distribution of dispersed filler and 8.0 in the PE/POM‐Fe system. The percolation threshold φ_c depends on the kind of polymer matrix, becoming 0.21, 0.24, 0.29 and 0.09 for the composites based on PE, POM, PA and PE/POM, respectively. Also the thermal parameters of the PE/POM‐Fe composite are different from those of all other composites. A model explaining the unusual electrical characteristics of the composite based on the polymer blend (PE/POM‐Fe) is proposed, in agreement with the results of optical microscopy.     

两种不同基体木塑复合材料的制备及性能研究

以稻糠代替木粉,分别制备了高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)基体和聚甲醛(POM)基体木塑复合材料。结果表明稻糠含量小于50%时,这两种木塑复合材料均具有良好的加工流动性;稻糠含量从0增加到50%,拉伸强度和冲击强度下降,热变形温度提高;稻糠含量40%时,木塑复合材料韧性相对于单纯树脂下降最小;稻糠含量在40%时,耐热性能改善效果最为明显。综合各因素对木塑复合材料性能的影响,稻糠填充量选在40%较合适。POM基体木塑复合材料在拉伸性能、弯曲性能和耐热性能方面优于HDPE基体木塑复合材料,但在无缺口冲击性能方面HDPE基体木塑复合材料优于POM基体木塑复合材料。     

Green and self-lubricating polyoxymethylene composites filled with low-density polyethylene and rice husk flour

Polyoxymethylene (POM) composites filled with low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and rice husk flour (RHF) were prepared by injection molding. The POM/5 wt % LDPE/7.5 wt % RHF composite exhibited the lowest wear rate, whereas the coefficient of friction remained low, and the POM/5 wt % LDPE/5 wt % RHF composite had the best mechanical properties. X-ray diffraction analysis was carried out, and the worn surfaces were examined with scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the addition of the filler reduced the crystallinity degree of the POM composites. The main wear mechanism for unfilled POM was adhesion, whereas for the POM composites, wear seemed to occur mainly by fatigue and abrasion. It was experimentally confirmed that the POM composite filled with LDPE and RHF, which is well-performing, low-cost, and environmentally friendly, could be a potential material for tribological applications. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008