滚珠丝杠副性能指标的测试与研究

精度指标与性能指标是滚珠丝杠副两大指标,目前国产滚珠丝杠副普遍存在着性能指标落后精度指标.为满足高档数控机床对滚珠丝杠副的要求,山东博特公司研制开发了多种滚珠丝杠副综合性能测量仪器,开展了滚珠丝杠副速度、加速度、温升、热位移、噪声、静刚度、摩擦力矩等性能指标的测量与研究.     

滚珠丝杠副静刚度试验台工装设计

介绍了滚珠丝杠轴向静刚度试验台机械结构及原理,设计了其防转结构和位移传感器工装。分别考虑滚珠丝杠副绕x轴的转动量和绕y轴的转动量对位移数值的影响,对3个位移传感器的示数通过运算转换成了中心点的位移,提高了最终刚度值的测量精度。最后对该工装和算法进行了试验验证,证明了该方法的可行性。     

滚珠丝杠系统的热特性建模与分析研究

在研究国内外的滚珠丝杠现状的基础上,进行了滚珠丝杠系统的热特性建模与分析研究。利用Pro／E软件得到滚珠丝杠的CAD模型,并导入ANSYS有限元分析软件中,通过热分析与结构分析,获得高速滚珠丝杠的温度场,并在此基础上分析了滚珠丝杠的热变形及热应变,确定滚珠丝杠的热位移,从而为滚珠丝杠的优化设计提供了参考。     

滚珠丝杠副热位移的抑制对策

通过计算确定出滚珠丝杠的热位移量。重点介绍了滚珠丝杠热位移的抑制对策。从而有效控制了机床进给轴的定位精度。     

长跨距滚珠丝杠辅助支撑装置

介绍了一种数控机床长跨距滚珠丝杠使用的辅助支撑装置,该辅助支撑装置是一种可以与滚珠丝杠螺母一起随动的动态滚珠丝杠辅助支撑装置,它能有效解决长跨距滚珠丝杠自重下垂变形以及旋转抖动问题,延长了长跨距滚珠丝杠及其支撑轴承的使用寿命,提高了机床运动精度和加工精度,降低了机床运动噪声.     

基于ABAQUS的滚珠丝杠传动刚度的计算分析

滚珠丝杠传动刚度是影响机床精度的关键因素之一,而丝杠的传动刚度,主要取决于该丝杠副在载荷的作用下丝杠的轴向变形、滚珠与滚道间的接触变形和支承轴承的轴向接触变形三者的大小.通过建立滚珠丝杠传动中关键零件受力分析的有限元模型,对滚珠丝杠传动三种主要轴向变形进行计算,并分析三种变形对丝杠传动刚度的影响大小,为提高丝杠的传动精度,改进滚珠丝杠副的性能提供了参考.     

进口数控旋压机滚珠丝杠故障检测与维修

滚珠丝杠是数控机床传动和精度保证的重要组成部分，它是把电气控制的转动变成直线位移的执行元件，由于滚珠丝杠属于精密装配，一般制造厂按用户要求进行预紧完全消除间隙，使反向时无空行程，而后用户无需拆卸调整，但在实际使用中由于磨损和重载荷，经常会引起间隙过大或滚珠破损，从而造成机床整个精度无法保证。     

基于西门子S120驱动的高速滚珠丝杠副动态精度测试研究

设计开发了一种高速滚珠丝杠副动态精度测试试验台。试验台采用了西门子公司S120伺服驱动系统与基于PC的控制器Win AC通讯的自动化解决方案。建立了滚珠丝杠热变形与运动精度两大动态测试系统,并在自制高速滚珠丝杠副试验台上进行了测试实验,对实验数据结果进行有效的分析,得出了滚珠丝杠副动态精度的影响因素并提出相应的改进措施。     

高速空心滚珠丝杠副动态性能试验平台的研发

为了研究空心滚珠丝杠副在高速运行状态下的性能状况,研发了一种用于测试高速空心滚珠丝杠副动态性能参数的试验平台,给出了高速滚珠丝杠副动态性能参数测试的实现过程,介绍了试验台机械系统和控制系统的设计方案。利用该试验平台可以对滚珠丝杠副的加速度、速度、温升、热位移、定位精度等动态性能参数进行测试,为空心滚珠丝杠产品性能的改进提供可靠的实验数据参考。     

大滑板的改进

通过简化和优化滚珠丝杠的传动结构,减少了滚珠丝杠定位轴承的数量,降低了机床的成本,减少了滚珠丝杠的综合误差,提高了上滑板的数控进给精度。     

滚珠丝杠式惯容器非线性建模与参数辨识

针对滚珠丝杠式惯容器存在的非线性力学特征,首先,分析了滚珠丝杠式惯容器的工作原理,对惯容器的主要部件进行了非线性力学分析,建立了考虑摩擦、间隙以及丝杠弹性力的惯容器非线性力学模型;然后,在数控液压伺服激振试验台上进行了惯容器的力学性能试验,得到了惯容器在不同惯容系数以及不同激振输入下的力学响应特性;最后,根据试验结果分析了摩擦和间隙对惯容器力学性能的影响,得到了便于参数辨识的惯容器力学模型结构,实现了惯容器输出力仿真与试验结果的分析和对比。结果显示,二者在一个周期内的均方根值误差不超过7%,非线性模型呈现出良好的拟合精度,证明了所述方法的可行性和有效性。     

Numerical solution, simulation and testing of the thermal dynamic characteristics of ball-screws

This research focuses on the characteristics of how a ball-screw changes its temperature corresponding to the periodic change of the end-most heat source. Based on the theory of heat transfer, this paper supplies a numerical solution to the non-homogeneous equation of heat transfer through the group explicit (GE) finite difference approach. The temperature distribution for the ball-screw at different times and directions is shown. By simulating and modeling the temperature field and thermal deformation of the ball-screw under periodically varying heat sources, this paper describes the thermal dynamic characteristics of the ball-screw under such conditions. By testing the thermal dynamic characteristics of the ball-screw, the numerical solution is validated.     

加工中心双驱滚珠丝杠副动态性能试验平台设计

为了研究加工中心双驱滚珠丝杠副在高速运行状态下的性能状态,根据双驱滚珠丝杠进给系统的主要检测指标要求,计算确定了机械系统的方案,建立了Pro/E三维机械模型,进而设计了一种用于检测双驱滚珠丝杠副的动态性能试验平台。该试验平台上安装传感器,可以对双驱滚珠丝杠副的同步性、加速度、速度、热位移等动态性能参数进行测试,为进一步研究双驱滚珠丝杠性能提供可靠的实验数据。     

Numerical solution,simulation and testing of the thermal dynamic characteristics of ball-screws

This research focuses on the characteristics of how a ball-screw changes its temperature corresponding to the periodic change of the end-most heat source. Based on the theory of heat transfer, this paper supplies a numerical solution to the non-homogeneous equation of heat transfer through the group explicit (GE) finite difference approach. The temperature distribution for the ball-screw at different times and directions is shown. By simulating and modeling the temperature field and thermal deformation of the ball-screw under periodically varying heat sources, this paper describes the thermal dynamic characteristics of the ball-screw under such conditions. By testing the thermal dynamic characteristics of the ball-screw, the numerical solution is validated.     

高速滚珠丝杠进给系统机械性能分析

提出了在高速滚珠丝杠进给系统中,存在着加速状态时由滚珠丝杠驱动时屈服形变和工作台与滚珠丝杠联结件刚度引起定位精度误差的问题.对滚珠丝杠进给系统机械模型进行了合理的分析.最后指出解决问题的研究方向.     

Time-varying reliability prediction modeling of positioning accuracy influenced by frictional heat of ball-screw systems for CNC machine tools

Thermally induced elongation of a screw is the primary cause of deterioration in the positioning accuracy of half-closed-loop screw systems in machine tools. The failure mode of ball-screw feed-drive systems in relation to the positioning accuracy is defined as the response error of the carriage exceeding the axial tolerance. It is still challenging to accurately predict the thermal errors using conventional methods because the randomness of the influencing factors is not considered. This paper presents an improved random thermal network model subjected to dynamic thermal excitation for calculating real-time transient temperatures of ball-screw systems. Furthermore, a time-varying reliability model is proposed for estimating the gradual reliability of the thermally induced positioning accuracy of ball-screw systems with random thermal boundary parameters using the random thermal network. A ball-screw system of a computerized numerical controlled lathe is used as an example to show the practical application of the proposed model. Repeated experiments demonstrate the accuracy retaining ability and robustness of this method. This work provides the theoretical and practical method for real-time monitoring of the positioning accuracy reliability index for ball-screw systems and it has high accuracy considering the random parameters.     

双驱滚珠丝杠进给系统温度场计算

在铣车复合加工中心双驱进给系统中,由于滚珠丝杠传动过程中产生的摩擦力矩会生成大量热能,因此需要对滚珠丝杠螺母副的温度场进行计算分析.采用SolidWorks建立滚珠丝杠副的传动系统简化模型,通过计算其相应的摩擦力矩求出发热量,并推导出热分析所需的边界条件,从而为滚珠丝杠进培系统进行热力学稳态温度场分析奠定基础.     

提高滚珠丝杠传动刚度的几种方法

滚珠丝杠被广泛应用于数控机床的传动系统中,其传动刚度直接影响着机床的定位精度和重复定位精度。文中着重介绍了通过提高丝杠副本身的轴向刚度以及整个滚珠丝杠轴系的系统刚度来提高机床的传动刚度,从而改善丝杠副的加（减）速度特性,提高对运动指令的快速跟踪能力;并简要介绍了通过正确安装滚珠丝杠来提高丝杠的传动刚度,从而提高滚珠丝杠的传动精度和使用寿命。     

Suppression of harmonic positioning errors in ball-screw drives using Adaptive Feedforward Cancellation

Harmonic positioning errors can negatively affect the positioning accuracy of the ball screw drive system. This paper addresses the problem of harmonic positioning error suppression in ball-screw drives using Adaptive Feedforward Cancellation (AFC). AFC method is integrated with the dual (i.e., rotational and translational) feedback structure used in ball-screw drives. The ability of AFC to quench harmonic positioning errors originating from multiple input sources is analyzed, considering the effects of the commanded trajectory, motor torque ripples, rotary encoder measurement errors, and lead errors coming from the ball-screw mechanism. A new approach for parameter tuning of the AFC resonators is proposed which considers both the performance deterioration issue at frequencies outside the target harmonics, and also the robust stability requirement in the sense of limiting the peak loop sensitivity value. Effectiveness of the proposed AFC scheme for ball-screw drives is validated in experiments, demonstrating successful rejection of time-periodic machining force disturbances, as well as mitigation of displacement-periodic lead error and misalignment type errors. In the case of machining force rejection, 50–78% improvement is achieved in the standard deviation of the translational positioning error. In the case of position dependent disturbances, the improvement is typically in the 10–20% range and is most effective during constant velocity motion.     

Mechanical model and contouring analysis of high-speed ball-screw drive systems with compliance effect

The compliance effect of a high-speed ball-screw feed-drive system is modelled in this work. A mechanical model of a ball-screw feed drive system including the motor, ball-screw, coupling, supporting bearing, linear guide and machine structure was developed. It was found that at high acceleration, the mechanical compliance caused a significant contouring error. Smoothing the acceleration and deceleration control input command did improve the transient deviation in the contouring error. However, the steady state error caused by the elastic elongation in the mechanical elements was not improved. It was also shown that the inertia force of the slide and saddle comprised the dominant loading on a high speed machine tool drive mechanism. A topology structure optimisation method is proposed to reduce the moving weight. This method can help the designer efficiently reduce the moving weight of a machine tool axis in a systematic way. More than a 30% weight reduction was demonstrated in a spindle carrier structural design.