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1.
在惯性约束聚变(Inertial Confinement Fusion,ICF)实验中,为诊断等离子体区域温度信息,需要通过中子飞行时间法测量中子的能谱,即转化为对探测器的输出信号相对于激光同步脉冲的延迟时间进行精确测量。本文介绍了一种对中子飞行时间进行高精度测量的设计方案,该方案采用恒比定时方法(Constant Fraction Discriminator,CFD)对探测器输出信号进行定时,并利用德国ACAM公司生产的TDC-GP21芯片进行精确时间测量。基于该方案完成的测量电路电子学分辨时间在1 500 ns量程内均优于200 ps。同时,其电子学分辨时间加上探测器分辨时间典型测量结果为217.5 ps。  相似文献   

2.
为了测量惯性约束聚变实验中聚变反应的时间过程,提出了一种高时间分辨的聚变反应历程测量系统设计。该系统主要由闪烁体及鼻锥、光学成像系统和条纹相机系统三部分组成。用于能量分别为2.45MeV和14.03MeV的聚变中子测量时,系统的时间分辨分别优于55ps和40ps,对应的测量下限中子产额分别为1.5×109和4×108。  相似文献   

3.
利用70AMeV26Mg初级束流及其产生的次级束流,在兰州重离子加速器放射性次级束流线(RIBLL)终端测试了大面积闪烁光纤阵列探测器(LASFA)探测单元的时间分辨和位置分辨能力。利用70AMeV26Mg初级束流测试得到的时间分辨约为128ps,对应的位置分辨约为10mm;利用次级束流测试得到的时间分辨约为158ps,对应的位置分辨约为13mm,具有很好的时间分辨和空间角分辨能力。结合RIBLL的ΔESi探测器,给出了ΔESi-TOF二维谱,并将测试结果与RIBLL的粒子鉴别系统进行详细比较。结果表明,大面积闪烁光纤阵列作为轻带电粒子的飞行时间终止探测器,性能优于RIBLL上采用的时间拾取探测器,可更清楚地鉴别次级束流。  相似文献   

4.
在利用飞行时间法测量中子位置和能量的大面积位置灵敏中子谱仪的研制过程中,提出了利用“绝对时间差”刻度的方法来测量各个电子学的相对时间,系统研究了对光电倍增管时间分辨影响的因素,其中包括光源的种类、光源的发光时间等,并得到使光电倍增管的时间分辨达到最佳60ps的实验条件。  相似文献   

5.
本工作采用LYSO晶体阵列和平板型位置灵敏光电倍增管H8500对TOF-PET探测器进行了初步设计,能分辨3.2mm×3.2mm的晶体阵列。与BaF2探测器组成时间谱仪,测量正电子湮没射线的瞬发时间谱,得到379ps的符合时间分辨率。根据已测量的BaF2探测器时间分辨率(159ps),可计算得到所设计的TOF-PET探测器时间分辨率为344ps。预计与此相同的两个TOF-PET探测器对正电子湮没射线的符合时间分辨率可达486ps左右,为新型PET的研究提供了有利条件。  相似文献   

6.
中国散裂中子源(CSNS)反角白光中子束线(Back-n)对中子核数据测量和核技术应用等多个领域均有重要意义。为监测其中子束斑轮廓、束流密度及束流能量,研制了由镀硼微网格气体(Micromegas)探测器构成的束流剖面监测装置,并通过测量中子的飞行时间(TOF)来获得能量信息。采用基于开关电容阵列(SCA)专用集成电路(ASIC)的波形采样电子学系统,实现了128路Micromegas探测器阳极条信号的低噪声放大、成形和波形数字化,在现场可编程逻辑门阵列(FPGA)芯片中实现了对信号过阈时间的实时测量,其量程为650 ns~10 ms,电子学时间分辨好于10 ns。在CSNS Back-n上开展实验,成功获得了中子束流剖面及10.65 μs~10 ms范围的飞行时间谱,对应的中子能量范围约为0.16 eV~0.14 MeV。利用钽、钴等吸收体进行了中子共振吸收峰的检验,验证了读出电子学系统的功能及飞行时间测量的正确性。  相似文献   

7.
中国散裂中子源(CSNS)反角白光中子束线(Back-n)对中子核数据测量和核技术应用等多个领域均有重要意义。为监测其中子束斑轮廓、束流密度及束流能量,研制了由镀硼微网格气体(Micromegas)探测器构成的束流剖面监测装置,并通过测量中子的飞行时间(TOF)来获得能量信息。采用基于开关电容阵列(SCA)专用集成电路(ASIC)的波形采样电子学系统,实现了128路Micromegas探测器阳极条信号的低噪声放大、成形和波形数字化,在现场可编程逻辑门阵列(FPGA)芯片中实现了对信号过阈时间的实时测量,其量程为650 ns~10 ms,电子学时间分辨好于10 ns。在CSNS Back-n上开展实验,成功获得了中子束流剖面及10.65μs~10 ms范围的飞行时间谱,对应的中子能量范围约为0.16 eV~0.14 MeV。利用钽、钴等吸收体进行了中子共振吸收峰的检验,验证了读出电子学系统的功能及飞行时间测量的正确性。  相似文献   

8.
使用XilinkXC7K325TFBG676设计一种用于高能辐射光源(HEPS)APD探测器的64通道TDC。采用"粗计数"+"细测量"相结合的方法;通过Carry4构造64条抽头延时链,完成64通道的时间内插;采用两级触发器锁存结构降低亚稳态发生的概率;千兆以太网进行数据传输。实验结果表明:64通道TDC的最小时间分辨为49ps,死时间为8ns,时间测量精度为46.77ps,微分非线性在[-0.1,0.12]lsb之间,积分非线性在[-0.1,0.31]lsb之间。  相似文献   

9.
采用能量E-速度v关联技术测量裂变产物碎片的动能和飞行速度能精确测定裂变产物核的质量。本工作主要研究能量-速度关联技术的可行性并解决相关关键技术。实验测量系统由飞行时间测量单元、能量探测器和真空靶室系统组成。实验中用1对微通道板探测器测量粒子飞行时间来确定粒子速度,金硅面垒探测器测量粒子能量。对于~(241) Am放射源5.48 MeVα粒子,飞行时间测量系统时间分辨(FWHM)为186ps,金硅面垒探测器能量分辨(FWHM)为44keV。实验完成了~(252) Cf自发裂变源产物质量分布试测量。初步实验结果显示,裂变产物质量分布在110amu(amu为原子质量单位)的位置时,其质量分辨为1.6amu。  相似文献   

10.
本文采用符合测量的方法研究了SENLE公司生产的型号为Micro FC-30035-SMT的Si PM光电转换器件耦合尺寸为3×3×10 mm的LYSO晶体组成的闪烁探测器的能量分辨率和时间分辨。该探测器测得22Na放射源能量为511 ke V光子的能量分辨率(FWHM)为16%,时间分辨达135 ps。  相似文献   

11.
Zn-doped TiO2 catalysts were prepared using a sol-gel method and characterized by XPS,UV-Vis, BET, XRD in this study. Under the irradiation of simulant sunlight, the photocatalytic activity for the degradation of p-nitrophenol was studied too. After irradiation for 2.5 h, the degradation percentage of p-nitrophenol could rise to more than 80 %. The results showed that the spectrum absorption band edge of Zn/TiO2 powder does not broaden obviously comparing with pure TiO2 powder. Zinc exists as Zn (11). When calcined at 973 K, there is a new phase as ZnTiO3 in Zn/TiO2 catalyst. The order of photocatalytic activity of Zn/TiO2 catalysts calcined at different temperatures for p-nitrophenol is 773 K 〉 673 K 〉 873 K 〉 573 K 〉 973 K and the photocatalytic activity of Zn/TiO2 catalyst calcined at 773 K is better than TiO2 catalysts heated at the same temperature, and outclasses that of commercial TiO2 catalyst. It also showed that the photocatalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol follows first-order kinetics under the irradiation of simulant sunlight.  相似文献   

12.
Radiotherapy for the treatment of prostate cancer has been extensively explored in the past. Along with the comprehensive understanding of the biology of prostate cancer and rapid advances in terms of technology, the out- come of treatment for the patients with prostate cancer has improved. The authors review radiotherapy as the primary treatment for the disease, with particular emphasis on the technological advances from both the radiobiological and radiophysics aspects. Nonconventional fractionated irradiation like hyper- or hypo-fractionation has been imple- mented in the clinic, the final results still need to be confirmed in the future. Technological advances like IMRT, IGRT, in the last two decades have significantly improved the delivery of external radiotherapy to the prostate. This has re- sulted in an overall increase in the total dose that can be safely delivered to the prostate, which has led to modest im- provements in the biochemical outcome. However, establishing the standard therapy for prostate cancer remains con- troversial. It is hoped that the next decades will bring continued advances in the development of biologicals that will further improve current clinical outcomes.  相似文献   

13.
This paper introduces the injection and extraction control system design for SSRF,which is a distributed control system aimed at stability and reliability of the pulse power supplies,PPS(Personnel Protection System)and MPS(Machine Protection System).The hardware environment is mainly based on PLC(Programmable Logic Con- troller),and ARM(Advanced RISC Machine)is also applied for studying stability of the power supplies.WinCC and EPICS(Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System)have been selected as the platforms of SCADA(Super- visory Control and Data Acquisition).For unifying the interfacing to the control computer,all front-end equipments are connected via Industrial Ethemet.  相似文献   

14.
为研究含空气蒸汽在水平管内强制对流冷凝换热特性,基于对传热传质过程的分析,建立了管内为环状流与波状流条件下的流动冷凝换热模型。从潜热、显热和液膜3个环节对整个换热过程进行建模,最终得到计算局部冷凝换热系数的理论关系式。模型预测结果与实验数据的对比表明,二者相对偏差在±20%以内,验证了该换热模型的准确性与适用性。通过进一步的研究发现:从换热管入口至出口,随着冷凝的进行,管内换热主要热阻由液膜热阻向气液界面的凝结热阻转变;主流气体对流换热过程基本可忽略。  相似文献   

15.
Experiments were carried out to investigate the possible use of neutron backscattering for the detection of polyethylene (PE) sample buried in the soil. In detection of landmine by neutrons, the neutron detector and its shield play an important role. In this paper, the effects of graphite, heavy water, polyethylene and boric acid moderators on the flux of back scattered neutrons were investigated. We have also experimentally verified the effect of BF3 detector shield and obtained good agreement with theory.  相似文献   

16.
Accelerator database stores various static parameters and real-time data of accelerator. SSRF (Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility) adopts relational database to save the data. We developed a data retrieval system based on XML Web Services for accessing the archive data. It includes a bottom layer interface and an interface applicable for accelerator physics. Client samples exemplifying how to consume the interface are given. The users can browse, retrieve and plot data by the client samples. Also, we give a method to test its stability. The test result and performance are described.  相似文献   

17.
为对自制的活性面积高达1 000 cm2的大面积源进行表面发射率定值,同时作为现有2πα、2πβ表面发射率标准装置能力的扩充,研制了一套内置式大面积2π多丝正比计数器测量系统,并利用活性区直径为8 mm的241Am点源及活性区面积为10 cm×15 cm的大面积241Am和90Sr-90Y源对其进行计量学性能测试。结果表明:计数器内计数响应均匀性优于±0.4%,有效探测面积达1 400 cm2;所得241Am源高压坪曲线的坪长为1 400 V,坪斜为0.27%/100 V,坪区内计数变化为0.87%;90Sr-90Y源高压坪曲线的坪长为300 V,坪斜为0.75%/100 V,坪区内计数变化为0.80%;10次测量重复性好于0.4%,8 h内短期稳定性好于0.3%,1 a内长期稳定性好于0.8%。  相似文献   

18.
Distributions of natural gamma-emitting radionuclides were determined in 93 oil samples collected from some petroleum fields in the western desert of Egypt. The radioisotope activities in the area under investigation lay in the range of (21 ± 4) to (38 ± 13) Bq?L-1 for 226Ra, (9 ± 2) to (15 ± 5) Bq?L-1 for 232Th, and (154 ± 28) to (303 ± 54) Bq?L-1 for 40K. The mean values were 27, 12, and 201 Bq?L-1, respectively. Among oils, variations in radionuclide ac- tivities could be on account of differences in TDS, HCO3, and Ba, with high or low pH. In this environment, oil prop- erties differently affected the mobilization of natural radionuclides. The range of 226Ra variation had been compared with available data from other countries. The calculated absorbed dose rate ranged from 22.33 to 32.66 nGy?h-1 in lo- cation (B) and (E) respectively, which was less than the accepted value.  相似文献   

19.
In this work,TTHMP was synthesized and labelled with 117m Sn.The preparation conditions,stability and lipophilicity of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP were investigated.Biodistribution of the complex in rabbits and mice was studied.It was found that the quantity of TTHMP and pH value of the prepararion solution had vital effects on the labeling yield of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP.It was also found that 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP was hydrophilic and stable at room temperature and 37℃ in open air 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP showed unexpectedly high bone uptake and bone-to-blood ratio in the animals.This made it potentially useful as an reagent for skeletal scintigraphy and radiotherapy of bone tumors.  相似文献   

20.
Linear accelerators equipped with multileaf collimators (MLC) are becoming more common and are widely used in the intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). There is an imperative need to ensure the commissioning specification of the linear accelerators for the sake of quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC). This paper is aimed to investigate the role of AGFA high-energy CR (Computed Radiography) in calibrating dynamic multileaf collimators and evaluating the accuracy of the leaf position. The result shows that AGFA high-energy CR can easily and conveniently be used to calibrate MLC and verify its position. Hence, the application of AGFA high-energy CR is proved to be an accurate and time-saving method for routine MLC QC, especially when MLC calibration adjustments are required.  相似文献   

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