微波辐射合成4(3H)-喹唑酮

以邻氨基苯甲酸和甲酰胺为原料,在无溶剂条件下采用微波辐射法合成4(3H) 喹唑酮。实验结果表明:n(甲酰胺)/n(邻氨基苯甲酸)=10,反应物加热预混合,甲酰胺分批加料,微波辐射强度为180W,微波辐射时间为6～8min时,邻氨基苯甲酸的转化率可达96%以上,4(3H) 喹唑酮的收率在94%以上,反应速率比常规加热条件下提高45倍。     

2-苯基苯并噁唑的合成

以邻氨基苯酚和苯甲酸为原料合成2-苯基苯并噁唑,用正交试验得出最佳合成条件:溴化四丁基铵(TBAB)为相转移催化剂,n(邻氨基苯酚):n(苯甲酸)=1:1.5,反应温度为110℃,反应时间为6h,产率89.5%.     

沉淀聚合法制备对氨基苯甲酸印迹聚合物及其表征

以对氨基苯甲酸为模板分子,采用沉淀聚合法制备了分子印迹聚合物微球,优化了聚合反应条件,静态平衡吸附实验结果表明,该微球对模板分子存在一种均匀的结合位点,最大表观结合量为49.298μmol/g。应用此微球制备的色谱填充柱能够分离对氨基苯甲酸及其位置异构体邻氨基苯甲酸,分离度为1.42。     

从糖精生产废液中回收邻氨基苯甲酸工艺优化研究

针对原有从糖精生产废液中回收邻氨基苯甲酸生产工艺中存在的问题,通过酯化母液氧化处理、碱溶工序滤渣酸溶回用两个优化措施,在Cu2+离子浓度为15.03 g/L时,使邻氨基苯甲酸回收率达到最高(92.41%)。     

微波辐射相转移催化合成苯甲酸苄酯

采用微波辐射反应技术,利用相转移催化剂,将苯甲酸转化为苯甲酸钠后,在无有机溶剂和无机载体的条件下与氯化苄直接酯化合成苯甲酸苄酯。结果发现,当微波输出功率为350W,辐射时间为3min,相转移催化剂为四丁基溴化铵(TBAB),苯甲酸钠与氯化苄配比为1 0:1 6(mol/mol)、与TBAB配比为25 0∶1 3(mol/mol)时,收率可达99 9%。     

微波辐射硫酸氢钠催化合成对氨基苯甲酸苄酯

在微波辐射下,以一水合硫酸氢钠为催化剂,对氨基苯甲酸和苯甲醇为原料,合成对氨基苯甲酸苄酯。结果表明,当微波辐射功率为500 W,0.05 mol对氨基苯甲酸为基准,催化剂的用量为1.6 g,酸醇的摩尔比为1∶1.2,反应时间14 m in时,酯化率达93.8%。     

改进Skraup法制备8-羟基喹啉的研究

采用改进的Skraup法,以丙烯醛代替甘油,以邻氨基苯酚、邻硝基苯酚、丙烯醛为原料在盐酸、醋酸存在的条件下合成了8-羟基喹啉.通过正交实验探讨了丙烯醛滴加时间、醋酸用量、丙烯醛用量、邻硝基苯酚用量、反应时间对产率的影响.确定最佳反应条件为:邻氨基苯酚用量为21.8 g(0.20 mol)、邻硝基苯酚用量为14.6 g(0.11 mol)、丙烯醛用量为20.2 g(0.36 mol)、醋酸用量为22.0 g(0.37 mol)、盐酸200 mL、丙烯醛滴加时间为3 h、加热反应时间为1.0 h.此时,8-羟基喹啉的产率达72%.     

邻氨基苯甲酸甲酯合成新工艺研究

提供了一种环境友好的合成工艺制备香料邻氨基苯甲酸甲酯。以邻硝基苯甲酸为原料,经酯化反应合成了邻硝基苯甲酸甲酯,收率88%,然后在雷尼镍存在下催化加氢制得邻氨基苯甲酸甲酯,收率80%,产品纯度大于98%。该工艺不仅收率高于邻硝基苯甲酸还原酯化法,而且消除了采用硫化钠或铁粉还原产生的废水。     

糖精钠的清洁生产

糖精钠生产过程中产生的邻氨基苯甲酸有机废水和硫酸铜废酸水的水量大、有机物浓度高 ,在邻氨基苯甲酸有机废水回收甲醇后 ,将 2股废水混合 ,通过反应沉淀、碱溶、酸溶、碱析等步骤回收邻氨基苯甲酸和氢氧化铜 ,可实现废水中资源的有效回收和综合利用 ,处理后的废水COD下降为 12 5 0mg/L ,可直接进入处理站进行综合处理。     

邻双胍基苯甲酸盐酸盐的合成研究

在盐酸存在下,以邻氨基苯甲酸(OABA)和双氰胺(DCDA)为原料,通过"一锅法"直接制备了邻双胍基苯甲酸盐酸盐(o-BGBAH);探讨了反应温度、反应时间、盐酸与双氰胺的物料比及双氰胺与邻氨基苯甲酸的物料比等对产物收率的影响;用FT IR、1 H NMR和UV等方法表征了产物结构,HPLC分析了产物中o-BGBAH的含量。结果表明,盐酸与双氰胺的摩尔比为1.40、双氰胺与邻氨基苯甲酸的摩尔比为2.0、反应温度为60℃、反应时间为6.0h时,产品收率约为86.7%;HPLC的分析结果表明产品中邻双胍基苯甲酸盐酸盐含量超过96%。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。