港口码头钢筋混凝土管桩的涂料防护

混凝土管桩的防护易被忽视 ,管桩的使用寿命普遍低于预期。北仑港务公司 10万ｔ级中转矿石码头 ,采用水泥桩和钢桩 ,1981年竣工投入使用 ,2 0 0 0年 4月调研 ,水泥桩已发生严重腐蚀 ,水泥剥落 ,钢筋裸露。类似情况的还有北仑发电厂原料码头的直径 1.2ｍ、壁厚 12～ 14ｃｍ的管桩 ,北仑港区2 0万ｔ矿石卸船码头直径 1.2ｍ的预应力混凝土管桩。1　海洋建筑钢筋混凝土的腐蚀海水对钢筋混凝土的破坏有化学因素和物理因素。(1)ＳＯ2 - 4对混凝土的腐蚀　水泥中含有氧化铝 ,在硬化了的混凝土中形成水合物 3ＣａＯ·Ａｌ2 Ｏ3·ＣａＳＯ4 ·ｎＨ2 …     

改性环氧海工专用重防腐蚀涂料在原油码头钢管桩涂层修复中的应用

采用改性环氧海工专用重防腐涂料,通过海上钢管桩表面喷砂及刮涂作业的方法,对华德石化原油码头2个泊位的钢管桩潮差区、浪溅区、大气区破损涂层进行修复。修复后涂层经过4a的使用后仍完好,钢管桩没有锈蚀,说明这种涂料有良好的耐海水腐蚀性能和耐磨性能,适合用于码头钢管桩潮差以上部分的修复。     

钢管桩码头的外加电流阴极保护

支撑码头的钢管桩在各种水环境中（海水,海炎水和淡水）都将发生电化学腐蚀,局部腐蚀速度可达０．５ｍｍ／ａ以上,严重影响码头的安全。为了控制腐蚀,延长码头的使用寿命,上前和涂层的阴极保护和联合防护方法。     

贮油罐导静电涂料涂装设计方案探讨

本文涉及导静电涂料的国家标准，导静电涂料品种及涂层的配套原则，导静电涂料与特殊阳极复合防护设计以及贮油罐涂料防护设计的一系列问题。     

码头钢桩支撑水下焊接节点的优化设计

通过深水码头钢桩支撑不同节点型式进行的受力分析，水下焊接工艺性分析，以及针对套管型节点结构在实验条件下进行的水下焊接验证实验，证明大道套管型节点结构，在有用ＬＤ－ＣＯ２水下焊接法进行水下焊接时，既能保证码头过渡段钢桩排架的承载能力，又可方便水下焊接     

化工气柜的腐蚀与防护

介绍了各类化工气柜的腐蚀原因及耐蚀涂料防护结构的几种型式,阐述了各种类型气柜的防护措施。     

用可剥性涂料对武器装备实施野外防护及封存研究

从分析比较武器装备封存的各种方法方式入手，提出对飞机等武器装备实施野外防护及封存最简单可行的方案是涂覆可剥性涂料；最近研制成功的“931可剥性橡塑密封防腐剂”，具有九十年代国际先进水平，是实施野外防护及封存的理想涂料。     

重防腐蚀涂料的应用与发展

随着石化工业的飞速发展，海洋工程技术足的进步，针对化工和海洋苛刻腐蚀环境下多结构件，设备，装置的防护提出了更高的要求，重防腐蚀涂为就是在这种情况下应运而生的。本文介绍了重防腐蚀涂料和防护作用机理及其应用情况，着重阐述了重防腐蚀涂料“长效性”的重要影响因素，同时分析了我国重防腐蚀涂料在发展中的不足，并指出了重防腐蚀涂料的发展动向。     

用可剥性涂料对武器装备实施野外防护及封存研究

从分析比较武器装备封存的各种方法方式入手，提出对飞机等武器装备实施野外防护及封存最简单可行的方案是涂覆可剥性涂料；最近研制成功的“931可剥性橡塑密封防腐剂”，具有九十年代国际先进水平，是实施野外防护及封存的理想涂料。     

海上风电与海洋牧场新型风电桩包覆防腐技术

本文结合莱州市海上风电与海洋牧场融合发展研究试验项目风电单桩基础的结构特点，针对性地对风电单桩基础所处水文环境、腐蚀区域进行分析和归纳。本项目采用了一种风电桩基新型岸上包覆防腐蚀施工技术，取得了较好的防护效果。并对复层矿脂包覆技术的施工设计、表面处理、涂抹矿脂防蚀膏、缠绕矿脂防蚀带、制作防蚀保护罩等关键技术环节做了详细讨论，为后续海上风电、码头钢管桩的复层矿脂包覆技术施工提供借鉴。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.