电磁搅拌对AlSi7Mg合金显微组织的影响

采用自行开发的电磁搅拌器,研究了多种不同电磁搅拌方式,在不同工艺条件下,单独施加或复合施加对AlSi7Mg合金微观组织的影响。试验结果表明:单一施加旋转感应电磁搅拌时,浆料径向组织很不均匀;单一施加无芯感应电磁搅拌,当搅拌电流较小时,径向组织也不均匀,增大电流浆料质量有明显改善;采用(旋转感应+无芯感应)复合电磁场进行复合电磁搅拌时,可在电流较小时获得满意的浆料质量。     

旋转电磁搅拌对1Cr13不锈钢铸态组织的影响

实验研究了旋转电磁搅拌对1Cr13不锈钢铸态组织的影响。结果表明：无电磁搅拌时,铸锭的凝固组织以柱状晶为主,在中心部位形成晶间搭桥,且存在中心缩孔、疏松缺陷;合理的电磁搅拌参数能促进凝固补缩,实验条件下,在铸锭浇注完成90 s后,施加电流为250 A,频率为12 Hz,持续时间为60 s的旋转电磁搅拌能促进凝固补缩,提高铸锭的等轴晶率,显著提高铸锭的质量;电磁搅拌使C、Cr元素分布得更均匀,偏析程度减小。     

电磁搅拌作用下铝合金凝固组织的数值模拟

以Al-5Cu合金作为研究对象,建立了形核生长的数学模型。采用数值模拟与试验相结合的方法,分析了电磁搅拌、搅拌电流及搅拌频率对合金凝固组织的影响。结果表明,不施加电磁搅拌时,熔体温度梯度较大,获得的凝固组织粗大;施加电磁搅拌时,熔体温度梯度较小,获得的凝固组织均匀细小。在一定范围内,搅拌电流越大,形成的凝固组织越细小;搅拌频率越大,形成的凝固组织越粗大。     

短时电磁搅拌和细化剂对7A04铝合金大体积半固态浆料组织的影响

研究了短时电磁搅拌、细化剂及二者复合作用对7A04铝合金大体积半固态浆料组织及其径向均匀性的影响。结果表明:短时电磁搅拌和添加晶粒细化元素Zr,Sc均可使7A04铝合金半固态浆料组织的初生α-Al晶粒细化和圆整,并提高组织均匀性;短时电磁搅拌和细化剂复合作用的7A04铝合金半固态浆料具有最佳的组织,在631℃下,其晶粒直径和圆整度分别为36μm和0.68,在直径180 mm的制浆室中浆料组织尺寸的变异系数C_V仅为0.8%;随着温度降低,7A04铝合金半固态浆料组织的尺寸变大,均匀性变差,但圆整度的变化不大。     

弱搅拌功率对半固态AlSi7Mg合金浆料组织的影响

采用低过热度浇注和弱电磁搅拌制备浆料技术制备半固态AlSi7Mg合金浆料,研究了弱搅拌功率对合金浆料初生相α-Al形貌的影响以及浆料组织的径向分布.研究结果表明, 在低过热度浇注和弱电磁搅拌条件下,当AlSi7Mg合金液在浇注温度为630 ℃、搅拌功率为0.36 kW时可制备出初生α-Al相形貌呈小而圆整的球状晶粒、组织分布均匀、直径为127 mm的AlSi7Mg合金浆料;在低过热度浇注和弱电磁搅拌条件下,适当提高搅拌功率可改善初生α-Al相形貌,但当搅拌功率提高到一定程度,再增大搅拌功率,初生α-Al相形貌并没有得到进一步改善;从半固态AlSi7Mg合金浆料组织的径向分布看,由边部到心部,浆料的组织形貌从枝晶组织向蔷薇状组织再向球状组织演化.     

电磁搅拌对7A04铝合金大体积半固态浆料组织的影响

利用可控温电磁搅拌器对7A04变形铝合金进行了大体积(制浆室dmm一次制浆量5 kg以上)半固态流变浆料制备试验,研究电磁搅拌参数对7A04变形铝合金半固态浆料组织及其径向均匀性的影响。结果表明:在本试验条件下,制浆室0.5处的浆料组织优于制浆室中心和边缘的,随着搅拌频率的增加,制浆室中半固态浆料的组织均匀性降低;较高的搅拌电压和浆料温度下初生αAl)组织较细。搅拌电压为230 V、熔体温度为638℃、搅拌频率为5 Hz时,7A04铝合金大体积半固态浆料组织总体质量最佳,平均等效直径为112μm。     

铝合金半固态浆料制备工艺参数的研究

通过研究半固态等温搅拌,探讨了不同的搅拌电流和搅拌频率对半固态浆料组织的影响,分析了枝晶断裂程度和断裂部分晶粒尺寸的变化规律,得到了合理的搅拌参数.通过试样金相对比,结果表明,与未经电磁搅拌的半固态浆料相比,经电磁搅拌的浆料初生晶粒更细小、圆整及均匀.电磁搅拌制备的浆料压铸所得的试样力学性能明显优于普通液态压铸试样的力学性能.     

行波电磁搅拌制备半固态AlSi7Mg合金浆料

采用低过热度浇注和弱行波电磁搅拌复合制备工艺制备较大容量的半固态AlSi7Mg合金浆料,探讨了电磁搅拌功率和频率对较大容量半固态AlSi7Mg合金浆料组织中的初生α-Al形貌和分布的影响规律。试验结果表明,在低过热度浇注和弱行波电磁搅拌条件下,当浇注温度为630℃、搅拌功率为1.52kW、电磁搅拌频率为5Hz、搅拌时间为8s时,可制备出初生α-Al形貌呈小而圆整的球状晶粒、组织分布均匀、较大容量的半固态AlSi7Mg合金浆料。在低过热度浇注和弱行波电磁搅拌条件下,当浇注温度为630℃、电磁搅拌频率为5Hz,,适当提高电磁搅拌功率可改善初生a-Al的形貌,组织分布比较均匀,但当搅拌功率超过1.52kW时,初生α-Al形貌并没有得到进一步的改善,初生α-Al形貌大部分为球状,组织分布也比较均匀。在低过热度浇注和弱行波电磁搅拌条件下,当浇注温度为630℃、电磁搅拌功率为1.27kW,适当提高电磁搅拌频率可改善初生α-Al的形貌,但当电磁搅拌频率超过10Hz时,初生α-Al形貌并没有得到明显改善,初生α-Al形貌大部分以球状为主,组织分布比较均匀。     

电磁搅拌电流对连铸紫铜管组织和性能的影响

水平连铸管材常产生晶粒粗大、壁厚不均匀、表面裂纹、气孔等缺陷.为改善连铸铜管的质量,在水平连铸装置中配置了电磁搅拌器,并在连铸外径80 mm、壁厚12 mm的紫铜管的过程中向电磁搅拌器通入80～190 A工频电流对熔体进行电磁搅拌.检验了铜管的组织、表面质量、壁厚均匀性和电导率,并与未施加电磁搅拌连铸的紫铜管进行了比较...     

电流频率对连铸圆坯流场-温度场影响的模拟研究

以φ430 mm的圆坯为实验对象,采用磁场传输方程和k-ε双方程模型对钢液的流场和温度场进行耦合数值模拟,分析有、无电磁搅拌的情况下,结晶器内钢液的流场和温度场分布情况,进一步改变电流频率,分析在不同电流频率下的流场和温度场分布情况。模拟结果表明:施加电磁搅拌时,迫使结晶器纵向截面内的钢液出现上、下两对回流区,其回流方向相反,钢液在水平截面内做旋转运动;铸坯芯部温度降低,高温区域范围缩小,热区位置上移;电流频率增大时,下回流区开始形成,上回流区位置升高。     

Preparation of Semi-Solid AlSi7Mg Alloy Slurry

The semi-solid AlSi7Mg alloy slurry of large size was prepared by the low superheat pouring and weak electromagnetic stirring in this paper. The effects of pouring temperature and stirring power on the microstructure of the AlSi7Mg alloy slurry were studied. The results show that the semi-solid AlSi7Mg alloy slurry of 127mm in diameter can be prepared by the low superheat pouring and weak electromagnetic stirring technology and this new technology can save energy and make the pouring process convenient. When the liquid AlSi7Mg alloy is poured at 650 or 630, the solidified microstructure of the AlSi7Mg alloy slurry prepared by the weak electromagnetic stirring is remarkably improved compared with that of the slurry without stirring, the primary -Al grains appear rosette-like or spherical. When the pouring temperature is decreased, the shape of the primary -Al grains is gradually changed from dendritic-like grains to spherical grains. When the pouring temperature is appropriately increased, namely raised to a certain superheat, the pouring process becomes easier and an ideal spherical microstructure of the AlSi7Mg alloy slurry prepared by the weak electromagnetic stirring can also be obtained, in this experiment, when the stirring power is 0.36kW, the optimized pouring temperature parameter is 630.When the AlSi7Mg alloy slurry is prepared by the low superheat pouring and weak electromagnetic stirring, when the pouring temperature is 630,increasing the stirring power appropriately could gain better spherical primary -Al grains,but if the stirring power is increased to a certain value, the shape of the primary 冄-Al grains is not further improved, in this experiment, the optimized stirring power parameter is 0.36kW.     

电磁搅拌对液态金属运动及凝固组织的影响

旋转型电磁搅拌在钢的连续铸造、铸件成形与凝固、半固态浆料制备、液态金属电磁净化等工艺过程中的应用受到了材料工作者的高度重视,并不断地取得了电磁搅拌应用技术开发与理论研究的成果.分析了旋转型电磁搅拌作用下液态金属运动特点及电磁力计算,建立了液态金属旋转运动的数学模型,并得到周向速度分布的表达式,研究了旋转型电磁搅拌对连铸坯凝固组织的影响,为在旋转型电磁搅拌应用中工艺参数的优化提供了依据.     

Manufacture technique of semi-solid slurry of hypoeutectic Al-Si alloy by low superheat pouring and weak electromagnetic stirring

Semi-solid metal (SSM) process is a relatively new technology that offers distinct advantages over other near-net-shape casting processes, such as a more homogeneous microstructure, less porosity and segregation, and improved mechanical properties[1-3]. SSM can be divided into thixoforming and rheoforming, in which rheoforming is usually advantageous from the point of view of an energy and cost saving when compared with thixoforming, so rheoforming has been paid attention again by engineers i…     

Effect of pouring temperature on semi-solid slurry of ZL101 alloy prepared by slightly electromagnetic stirring

The semi-solid slurry of ZL101 alloy is prepared by a combination technology of low superheat poudng and slightly electromagnetic stirring. The effects of pouring temperature on the slurry prepared by the technology are investigated. The results indicate that it is feasible to prepare the slurry with globular primary phases by low superheat pouring and slightly electromagnetic stirring, and that the pouring temperature has an important effect on the morphology and the size of primary α-Al in ZL101 alloy. By applying suitable slightly electromagnetic stirring combining with relatively increased pouring temperature, i.e., in a practical way to apply low superheat pouring technology, is capable of obtaining appropriate semi-solid slurry of ZL101 alloy with globular shape of primary phase. Compared with the samples made by low superheat pouring only without stirring, the samples prepared by applying both slightly electromagnetic stirring and low superheat pouring can enable to achieve the same grain size and morphology of the primary phase with that of pouring at 15-35℃ higher.     

Research on semi-solid slurry of a hypoeutectic Al-Si alloy prepared by low superheat pouring and weak electromagnetic stirring

The semi-solid slurry of a hypoeutectic Al-Si alloy was manufactured by low superheat pouring and weak electromagnetic stirring. The effects of pouting temperature and stirring power on the semi-solid slurry were investigated. The results indicated that the semi-solid slurry to satisfy rheocasting can be manufactured by low superheat pouring and weak electromagnetic stirring. The pouring temperature （or superheat） and the stirring power remarkably affected the morphology of primary α-Al and the size of primary α-Al, and there is no obvious effect of stirring time on primary α-Al. Compared with the samples made by low superheat pouring with no stirring, the nucleation rate, particle morphology and grain size of primary α-Al in A356 were markedly improved by low superheat pouring and weak electromagnetic stirring. On the condition of weak electromagnetic stirring, the pouring temperature with low superheat can be suitably raised to reach the effectiveness obtained from the lower pouring temperature without stirring.     

半固态金属浆料制备技术的研究进展

总结了30余年来半固态金属浆料制备技术的研究和应用现状,分别介绍了压室浆料制备技术、单螺旋机械搅拌浆料制备技术、双螺旋机械搅拌浆料制备技术、低过热度倾斜板浇注浆料制备技术、低过热度浇注和弱机械搅拌浆料制备技术、连续流变转换浆料制备技术、低过热度浇注和弱电磁搅拌浆料制备技术、蛇形通道浇注浆料制备技术、熔体分散混合浆料制备技术、转桶搅拌浆料制备技术、波浪倾斜板浇注浆料制备技术、旋转倾斜圆筒浆料制备技术、超声振动浆料制备技术、熔体处理和双向电磁搅拌浆料制备技术、低于液相线温度浆料制备技术、偏旋热焓平衡浆料制备技术、气泡搅拌浆料制备技术及其发展前景。     

Preparation of semi-solid AlSi7Mg alloy slurry with big capability

Semi-solid AlSi7Mg alloy slurry was prepared by low superheat pouring and weak traveling-wave electromagnetic stirring.The effects of pouring temperature and stirring power on the microstructure of AlSi7Mg alloy slurry were studied.The results show that the semi-solid AlSi7Mg alloy slurry of 5 kg can be prepared.This new technology can save energy and make the pouring process convenient.When the pouring temperature is decreased at a stirring power of 0.41 kW,the shape of primary α-Al grains gradually changes from dendritic-like to spherical.When the alloy melt is poured at the temperature(630°C) with a certain superheat,the pouring process becomes easier,and the spherical microstructure of AlSi7Mg alloy slurry can be prepared by the weak traveling-wave electromagnetic stirring.When the pouring temperature is 630°C,increasing the stirring power appropriately can result in better spherical primary α-Al grains,but if the stirring power is increased to a certain value(1.72 kW),the shape of primary α-Al grains does not obviously improve when the stirring power is continually increased.     

Effect of electromagnetic stirring on solidification structure of austenitic stainless steel in horizontal continuous casting

An investigation on the influence of low frequency rotary electromagnetic stirring on solidification structure of austenitic stainless steel in horizontal continuous casting was experimentally conducted and carried out on an industrial trial basis. The results show that application of appropriate electromagnetic stirring parameters can obviously improve the macrostructure of austenitic stainless steel, in which both columnar and equiaxed grains can be greatly refined and shrinkage porosity or cavity zone along centerline can be remarkably decreased due to eliminating intracrystalline and enlarging equiaxed grains zone. The industrial trials verify that the electromagnetic stirring intensity of austenitic stainless steel should be higher than that of plain carbon steel. Electromagnetic stirring has somewhat affected the macrostructure of austenitic stainless steel even if the magnetic flux density of the electromagnetic stirring reaches 90 mT (amplitude reaches 141 mT ) in average at frequency f=3-4Hz, which provides a reference for the optimization of design and process parameters when applying the rotary electromagnetic stirrer     

电磁搅拌法制备半固态浆料过程中电磁场的数值模拟

建立了电磁搅拌法制备半固态金属浆料电磁场的计算模型,采用商用ANSYS软件对电磁场分布进行了数值模拟,分析了线圈和坩埚间的缝隙、坩埚材质、电流和频率对磁感应强度的影响规律,并进行了相应的试验验证.研究结果表明,电磁场模拟结果与试验结果具有较好的一致性,验证了计算模型与软件算法的可行性.在电磁力的作用下,铝合金熔体在水平方向上产生旋转运动,由于感应电流的集肤效应,合金熔体中的电磁力由外向内依次减小;磁感应强度随频率的增大而依次减小,随电流的增大而依次增大;在选用不锈钢坩埚,坩埚和线圈间缝隙为5 mm时可以使铝合金熔体获得的磁感应强度最大;在电流为50 A,频率为10 Hz时电磁搅拌法可以获得更加细小均匀的半固态组织.