光纤陀螺信号误差分析与滤波算法的研究

针对光纤陀螺信号漂移误差和噪声的影响,采用Allan方差法对光纤陀螺的各项随机误差成分进行了分离和计算.然后结合陀螺稳定平台系统研究了滑动滤波、小波变换阈值滤波两种直接对陀螺输出信号进行数字滤波处理的方案.最后对某陀螺惯性稳定跟踪转台中使用的光纤陀螺信号的测试和统计分析结果表明,采用Allan方差法能够有效地分离和辨识陀螺零漂信号中的各项噪声源随机误差系数和误差大小,采用的小波变换阈值滤波的去噪效果明显.     

平移不变离散小波变换在光纤陀螺信号处理中的应用

光纤陀螺输出信号中主要含有白噪声和具有非平稳、长程相关、自相似性及具有1/fγ类型谱密度的分形噪声,传统的滤波方法难以去除这类噪声,小波分析的多分辨分析特性,使之成为分析分形噪声的有力工具.文中分析了光纤陀螺输出信号误差特性,建立了输出信号的数学模型,在分析了分形噪声的特性的基础上,采用小波变换方法生成分形噪声.在实验室环境下采集了某型号光纤陀螺仪输出信号,对其进行多种小波滤波方法滤波对比实验,并进行了实验结果分析,实验结果表明采用平移不变离散小波变换半软阈值滤波方法可以有效地去除分形噪声和白噪声,克服了硬阈值法有较大的方差和软阈值法有较大的偏差的缺点.     

船用光纤陀螺小波实时滤波算法的设计与实现

针对光纤陀螺随机漂移噪声大的问题,以船用捷联式惯导系统应用需求为研究对象,对船用光纤陀螺的输出信号特征进行了深入分析。针对陀螺信号需实时处理的要求,设计了基于阈值法的实时小波滤波算法。结合陀螺信号特征分析结果,完成了实时滤波算法的小波基、分解尺度、阈值以及阈值函数设计。实时性验证实验与实测信号的实时滤波实验结果表明:该算法在满足陀螺信号实时性的条件下,能完成陀螺随机漂移噪声的有效滤波。     

基于小波分析的光纤陀螺信号处理

文章对光纤陀螺仪的实测信号进行了分析。为了抑制光纤陀螺随机噪声,利用五点三次平滑、数字滤波、小波变换分析法对光纤陀螺静态输出数据进行了滤波处理,通过对比滤波前后陀螺的输出曲线、标准差以及频谱图,可以发现:小波阈值滤波和五点三次平滑相结合的方法能够有效的补偿光纤陀螺的随机误差。     

光纤陀螺信号处理的实用方法

根据光纤陀螺信号漂移的数学模型,分别采用了基于傅立叶分析的IIR滤波器和基于小波变换的阈值滤波器进行消噪处理,通过试验结果分析,肯定了小波阈值滤波方法的优越性.     

基于小波变换的抑制复位噪声技术研究

分析了用于光纤陀螺的Y波导相位调制器在复位时,调制相位漂移对光纤陀螺系统特性的影响;紧接着测试了高精度光纤陀螺的毫秒输出,有一个和阶梯波复位同频的噪声,该噪声由Y波导的复位引起;为了实现对复位噪声的抑制,设计了一种基于FPGA的小波滤波方法;选取合适的小波基和分解层数;使用Verilog HDL编程语言实现小波滤波器在光纤陀螺闭环程序中的嵌套;通过实验比较,小波滤波具有明显的抑制复位噪声的效果,证明了小波滤波方案的有效性。     

一种改进的形态-小波阈值降噪方法

现场采集的旋转机械振动信号中一般存在强脉冲干扰和白噪声,小波阈值滤波对白噪声的滤波效果好,但对脉冲干扰的滤除效果不佳,而形态滤波虽然可以有效地剔除脉冲干扰,但不易滤除白噪声。针对这些问题,提出了一种基于形态滤波和改进的小波阈值滤波相结合的综合滤波方法。该滤波方法结合了两种滤波方法的优点,能够同时有效地滤除旋转机械振动信号中的脉冲干扰和白噪声。通过仿真信号和现场采集的转子振动信号进行了实验验证,结果表明,形态滤波与改进的小波阈值滤波相结合的滤波方法很好地滤除了转子振动信号中的噪声成分,进而提取出淹没在噪声中的转子振动信号。     

数字滤波在光纤陀螺数据处理中应用研究

光纤陀螺以其全固态、无转动机构、高集成性,较宽的动态测量范围等优点逐渐成为陀螺发展的趋势.光纤陀螺所敏感的角速度信号中包含有各种噪声误差,如何对光纤陀螺输出信号进行处理以满足不同的工程应用要求是目前研究的关键问题.本文对中低精度的光纤陀螺在运动条件下的测量信号进行滤波处理,通过实测数据的应用验证,该方法能够有效减小信号方差且能保证滤波信号实时性.     

基于CEEMD阈值和相关系数原理的MEMS陀螺信号去噪方法

针对经验模态分解（EMD）方法易产生模态混叠问题,而集成经验模态分解（EEMD）方法又存在重构误差较大的缺陷,提出了一种基于完备集成经验模态分解（CEEMD）阈值滤波和相关系数原理的MEMS陀螺信号去噪方法。首先通过CEEMD方法对陀螺信号进行有效完备的分解,并利用相关系数原理合理确定分解后噪声分量与有效分量的界限。在此基础上,通过借鉴小波阈值处理方式和EMD阈值设置方法,对信号进行阈值滤波去噪。对仿真信号和实际MEMS陀螺信号的研究结果表明,CEEMD阈值去噪方法的去噪效果要优于CEEMD、EEMD、EMD强制去噪方法和小波分析方法。这也充分体现了其在MEMS陀螺信号去噪应用中的可行性和有效性。     

多小波在光纤陀螺信号滤波中的应用研究

分析了光纤陀螺(FOG)信号噪声产生的原因,根据FOG信号零点漂移的不稳定性和随机性,在多小波多分辨率分析的基础上将多小波变换应用到FOG信号滤波处理中,并与标量小波多尺度分析进行了对比;理论分析和实验表明:多小波和标量小波都能在一定程度上抑制噪声对初始对准精度的影响,但多小波的滤波效果优于标量小波.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。