ECAP变形对H65黄铜β相形态和显微硬度的影响

采用能实现大变形的等通道转角挤压法(ECAP),对H65黄铜进行ECAP变形实验,分析了H65黄铜在经ECAP变形后β相形态和硬度的演变规律。结果表明:铸态时β相呈半连续网状和短棒状无方向性分布,经ECAP奇数次挤压,β相变成了长条状,分布方向确定,间距变得紧密;经ECAP偶数次挤压,β相变成了粗的短棒状,分布方向不定,间距变得稀疏;ECAP变形对H65黄铜试样硬度提升作用明显,铸态时硬度值为70.8 HV,在3道次ECAP挤压后硬度达到最大值239.3 HV;β相对合金整体硬度的贡献主要发生在第1道次挤压,随后道次的挤压β相自身硬度值变化不大。     

等通道转角挤压Al-Mg2Si合金的组织与性能研究

研究Al-Mg2Si合金经250℃等通道转角挤压后的微观组织与力学性能。维氏硬度及拉伸力学性能测试结果表明:经4道次ECAP挤压后,Al-Mg2Si合金的硬度、抗拉强度和延伸率均显著提高;8道次挤压后合金的塑性进一步提高,但其硬度和抗拉强度却有所下降。扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜分析表明:经ECAP挤压后,原汉字状或骨骼状Mg2Si相显著碎化,且挤压道次越多,Mg2Si相的破碎效果越明显,合金组织也不断细化。对合金经较多道次挤压后硬度及抗拉强度反而有所下降的原因进行了分析。     

ECAP工艺对不同硅含量的镁合金组织和性能的影响

以纯镁、纯铝、ZL102铝合金为原料,采用金属铸模的方法配制出硅含量分别为0.5%、1.0%、1.5%的三种镁铝硅合金。对三种不同Si含量的镁合金进行了等通道转角挤压(ECAP),借助XRD、金相显微镜、显微硬度计等测试并研究了挤压后不同硅含量合金的物相组成、显微组织、力学性能的变化规律。结果表明:经过ECAP挤压后,0.5%Si含量的合金的硬度比挤压前降低;1.5%Si含量的合金组织细化明显,硬度比挤压前提高。     

等通道转角挤压Mg-3.52Sn-3.32Al合金的组织与力学性能

采用等通道转角挤压（ECAP）Bc路径对固溶态Mg-3.52Sn-3.32Al合金分别挤压1、4和8道次。利用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪分析合金的组织和相组成,并测试了其室温拉伸力学性能。结果表明,经ECAP挤压后,固溶态合金组织中析出大量细小的Mg2Sn相和极少量的Mg17Al12相。随挤压道次增加,合金的综合力学性能先提高后降低。经4道次挤压后,合金的综合拉伸力学性能相对较佳,抗拉强度、伸长率和硬度分别达到250 MPa、20.5%和61.3 HV9.8,较未ECAP时分别提高43.7%、105%和26.9%。经ECAP挤压的合金室温拉伸断口均呈韧性断裂。等通道转角挤压Mg-3.52Sn-3.32Al合金的力学性能受晶粒尺寸、析出相以及组织织构的共同影响。     

等通道转角挤压工艺对Ti-1023合金显微组织的影响

试验研究了不同温度以及不同挤压次数下Ti-1023合金经等通道转角挤压后组织演变规律。结果表明:挤压温度对微观组织有显著影响。在相变点以下挤压时,可以得到细小均匀的组织,且组织中含有大量的等轴α相;在相变温度以上挤压时,细小等轴β晶粒迅速长大,多次挤压并不能有效地细化β晶粒。此外,挤压次数对合金的组织演变也有较大影响,为了获得比较均匀细小的组织,挤压次数不宜过多。采用750℃挤压温度+标准热处理+4次挤压的工艺可以得到细小均匀的组织。     

等通道转角挤压Mg-3.52Sn-3.32Al合金的组织与力学性能（英文）

采用等通道转角挤压(ECAP)Bc路径对固溶态Mg-3.52Sn-3.32Al合金分别挤压1、4和8道次。利用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪分析合金的组织和相组成,并测试了其室温拉伸性能。结果表明,经ECAP挤压后,固溶态合金组织中析出大量细小的Mg2Sn相和极少量的Mg17Al12相。随挤压道次增加,合金的综合力学性能先提高后降低。经4道次挤压后,合金的综合拉伸性能相对较佳,抗拉强度、伸长率和硬度HV9.8分别达到250 MPa、20.5%和613 MPa,较未ECAP时分别提高43.7%、105%和26.9%。经ECAP挤压的合金室温拉伸断口均呈韧性断裂。等通道转角挤压Mg-3.52Sn-3.32Al合金的力学性能受晶粒尺寸、析出相以及组织织构的共同影响。     

等通道转角挤压对Mg-6Zn合金显微组织和力学性能的影响

利用等通道转角挤压(ECAP)技术,在200℃对Mg-6Zn合金进行了不同道次的挤压。结果表明,经ECAP挤压后合金显微组织明显细化、均匀化,平均晶粒尺寸由15μm减小到3μm;ECAP过程中粗大的块状共晶相变形破碎、细化,并在周围诱发新相析出。通过XRD分析发现析出相主要是Mg_4Zn_7和MgZn_2。经过2道次ECAP挤压后,Mg-6Zn合金的抗拉强度可达275 MPa,屈服强度达到245 MPa,伸长率为24%。当ECAP道次增加到4道次和6道次后,强度反而下降。     

含硅量对等径角挤压镁合金组织和性能的影响

以Si含量0.5%、1.0%、1.5%三种含量的Mg-Al-Si镁合金为原料,在120°转角模具中,以Bc路径进行多道次挤压工艺实验,研究ECAP工艺对镁合金组织及力学性能的影响。借助金相显微镜、显微硬度测试计等进行测试,研究了挤压后不同硅含量合金的显微组织和力学性能。结果显示:经过ECAP挤压后,三种不同硅含量的合金其抗拉强度均有所提高。1.0%Si含量的合金经过挤压后硬度提高较大。     

Zn对铸态及ECAP态Mg15Al合金组织与性能的影响

采用XRD、SEM、EDS和拉伸试验,研究添加Zn元素前后铸态和等通道转角挤压(ECAP)态Mg15Al高铝镁合金的组织和力学性能。结果表明,Zn添加到Mg15Al合金中,主要固溶于β-Mg17Al12相,不生成新相。能够促进铸态Mg15Al合金中α-Mg晶粒细化,使β-Mg17Al12相质量分数增加,以及网状化加剧;使ECAP挤压后Mg15Al-1Zn合金中α-Mg基体晶粒平均尺寸由ECAP态Mg15Al合金的11.3μm减少到8.73μm,促进了β-Mg17Al12相的碎化和均匀分布;ECAP挤压能显著提高Mg15Al-1Zn和Mg15Al合金的综合力学性能,ECAP态Mg15Al-1Zn合金的抗拉强度较铸态合金提高了86%,ECAP态Mg15Al合金抗拉强度较铸态提高了60%,而且在屈服强度和塑性变化不大的情况下,ECAP态Mg15Al-1Zn合金比ECAP态Mg15Al合金室温抗拉强度提高了61.8MPa。说明Zn元素添加,能促进ECAP挤压对Mg15Al合金的晶粒细化效果,提高合金的综合力学性能。     

EOAP纯铝L2的力学性能及微观组织研究

等通道转角挤压（ECAP）是一种超细晶制备技术．可细化合金组织,改善材料性能。本文研究发现．ECAP纯铝L2,抗拉强度随挤压次数的增加而增加．8道次左右达到饱和。伸长率经1次挤压后大幅度下降,由40%下降至15%,4或5道次时仲长率有所增加。硬度随挤压次数的增加而增加．在3～4道次达到饱和。纯铝L2原始晶粒大小为1mm的近等轴状晶,ECAP后．随挤压道次的增加,向细小等轴晶转变．至8道次后．晶粒大小约为1μm。     

Transformation of the TiNi Alloy Microstructure and the Mechanical Properties Caused by Repeated B2-B19′ Martensitic Transformations

The influences of thermal cycling treatment in the temperature range of B2-B19 martensitic transformations (-150 to 150 °C) on the TiNi alloy structure and properties were studied. Different states named the initial coarse-grained (CG) state, the ultrafine-grained (UFG) state after ECAP (with a grain size of 200 nm), the state after ECAP and cold upsetting by 30% were considered. The results show that the microhardness and the strength increase in all the three states. According to the XRD analysis, a more significant increment in the dislocation density, resulting from thermal cycling, is observed in the UFG alloy than in the CG alloy.     

等径弯曲通道变形制备超细晶铜的热稳定性

室温下采用等径弯曲通道变形(Equal Channel Angular Pressing,ECAP)C方式进行了纯铜(99.95%)12道次挤压变形。通过等温和等时退火,研究ECAP变形后铜的退火行为,并研究了等径弯曲通道变形和退火后纯铜的显微硬度和显微结构变化。分析了ECAP应变量、退火时间和退火温度对超细晶铜的再结晶行为、抗软化性能的影响。结果表明:ECAP变形后的超细晶铜在退火过程中,表现出不连续再结晶现象;ECAP降低了铜的热稳定性,变形道次越高再结晶温度越低。退火后稳态晶粒尺寸随变形道次的增加而细化,硬度值随变形道次的增加而增大,回归分析表明,晶粒尺寸与硬度之间的关系符合Hall-Petch公式。     

Mechanical Behavior and Microstructural Development of 6063-T1 Aluminum Alloy Processed by Equal-Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP): Die Channel Angle Influence

A commercial 6063-T1 aluminum alloy was investigated in this study. The specimens were processed for six, seven, and eight equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) passes using three die channel angles: 90°, 100°, and 110°, respectively (maintaining approximately the same value for the accumulated equivalent strain in each case). After ECAP, samples were cut from each specimen and were prepared for metallographic analysis and mechanical testing. The microstructures of the ECAP treated and as-received material were investigated using both optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the optimum ECAP die has a channel angle of 90°; the microstructure was more refined and homogeneous and second-phase particles were smaller as the die channel angle value decreased. All samples (ECAP processed and as-received) were also mechanically investigated in compression and microhardness tests. The maximum effect was observed when the 90° ECAP die was used, and significant total increases in ultimate compressive strength, yield strength, compression modulus, and microhardness were recorded compared to the as-received material. Also, it was shown that if the die channel angle value increases, then all the above mentioned mechanical properties decrease.     

Effects of ECAP and Aging on Mechanical and Superelastic Behaviors of Ti-Mo-Based and Ti-25at.%Nb SMAs

Ni-free Ti-based shape memory alloys (SMAs) are increasingly recognized as promising functional materials for medical applications. The mechanical properties of these metastable Ti-based SMAs are sensitive to aging and thermomechanical treatment. Effects of severe plastic deformation (SPD)-equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) and aging on superelastic behavior of Ni-free Ti-based SMAs, Ti-9.8Mo-3.9Nb-2V-3.1Al?wt.% (TMNVA) and Ti-25at.%Nb, have been investigated. The results show that the yielding strength of TMNVA alloy increases sharply with the number of ECAP processes??to greater than 1,400?MPa after two passes ECAP??but elongation of TMNVA alloy decreases severely and the plasticity is lost completely after two passes ECAP. Both ECAP process and flash annealing treatment have weak contribution to the superelastic recoverable strains of Ti-Mo-based alloy. For Ti-25at.%Nb alloy, after one pass ECAP process at 400?°C, the yielding stress increases obviously, and the recovery strain increases a little. With the further increase in the number of ECAP processes, the yielding stress and the recovery strain change little. Aging treatment at low temperature after ECAP process is in favor of superelasticity of Ti-25at.%Nb alloy. An almost completely recoverable strain of 1.5% is obtained in Ti-25at.%Nb alloy after two passes ECAP and aging at 300?°C for 1?h. The mechanisms of the effects of SPD and aging are also discussed.     

等径角挤压制备CuCrZr合金的抗软化性能

研究了CuCrZr合金等径角挤压(ECAP)后的微观组织演变及软化温度.结果表明,固溶态CuCrZr合金经路线B_c(每挤一道次后试样沿同一方向旋转90°)等径角挤压10道次后组织细化至亚微米级,超细晶晶粒较为等轴、均匀.等径角挤压10道次后合金的软化温度约为530℃,但550℃时,合金的硬度仍高达161HV,这说明ECAP后合金的抗软化能力并没有降低.因为ECAP促进了时效时析出相的析出,使得析出相更为弥散、细小,从而提高了合金的力学性能.     

Microstructures of ultra-fine grained FeCoV alloys processed by ECAP plus cold rolling and their evolutions during tempering

A new processing method,equal channel angular pressing(ECAP)plus cold rolling(CR),was applied to producing ultra-fine grained FeCoV alloy.The microstructures of ultra-fine grained FeCoV alloy after ECAP,ECAP plus CR,and the effect of tempering treatment on the microstructure of FeCoV alloy produced by ECAP plus CR were investigated.The results show that an elongated substructure with a width of about 0.3μm is obtained after four-pass ECAP using Route A.Cold rolling after ECAP cannot change the morphologies of elongated substructure,and it results in higher fraction of high-angle boundaries and higher dislocation density compared with the identical ECAP without rolling.Subsequent tempering for 30 min at 853 K brings about many nano-phases precipitating at subgrain boundaries and insides the grains,and the size of precipitated phase is measured to be about 10 nm.Nano-phases grow up with increasing tempering temperature and equiaxed structure forms at 883 K.     

等通道转角挤压对L2工业纯铝力学性能的影响

利用等通道转角挤压(ECAP)技术挤压工业纯铝L2，探讨了挤压次数对其力学性能的影响。结果表明，随挤压次数的增加，L2的抗拉强度和硬度得到显著提高，抗拉强度可提高95％，硬度提高70％。挤压1次后，其伸长率由40％下降至15％，此后伸长率基本保持稳定。     

等通道转角挤压对生物Mg-Zn-Ca合金显微组织与腐蚀行为的影响

旨在探讨等通道转角挤压(equal-channel-angular-pressed,ECAP)对生物医用Mg-3Zn-0.2Ca合金的显微组织以及腐蚀行为的影响。对铸态Mg-3Zn-0.2Ca合金进行了1,2,4道次的剪切挤压变形。采用光学显微组织观察、X射线反射法、电化学等手段研究了挤压道次对镁合金显微组织、织构以及腐蚀行为的影响,也特别关注了ECAP对试样的不同截面方向的显微组织演变以及模拟体液(simulatedbodyfluid,SBF)电化学腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明:ECAP变形后铸态Mg-3Zn-0.2Ca镁合金晶粒逐渐细化,变形后镁合金呈现出与挤压方向呈一定角度的002面剪切织构;随着挤压道次增加,合金的耐蚀性先增加后降低。等通道转角挤压对合金耐蚀性的影响是晶粒尺寸、晶体缺陷和织构变化的综合效果;ECAP变形后合金不同截面方向呈现不同的耐蚀性,垂直于挤压方向截面的耐蚀性优于另2个方向截面的耐蚀性。     

扩展路径低温ECAP及时效热处理对Cu0.6Cr合金的组织和性能影响

采用光学显微镜和X射线衍射仪对Cu0.6Cr合金经低温扩展路径等通道转角挤压（ECAP）后的组织演变规律进行了研究。采用扫描电子显微镜和能谱仪研究了Cu0.6Cr合金经不同时效热处理条件后的晶粒大小、析出相分布规律和断裂特征。并且分别测试了合金经低温ECAP和低温ECAP+时效热处理后的抗拉伸强度、硬度和导电率。结果表明,Cu0.6Cr合金经低温ECAP变形后形成明显细化且相互交割的纤维组织,并且合金在变形中始终保持（111）面的择优取向。时效热处理的合金变形量越大,析出相的数目和尺寸就越大,第二相析出速率也越快。5道次合金经450 ℃时效2 h后的抗拉伸强度为568.1 MPa,维氏硬度为1624.8 MPa,导电率为82%IACS。