高体积含量颗粒增强复合材料的一个细观力学模型Ⅱ: 弹塑性与损伤分析

在高体积含量颗粒增强复合材料细观弹性分析的基础上, 引入了细观塑性和细观损伤模型: 基体用服从Von Mises 屈服准则的理想弹塑性材料模拟, 用沿圆柱形基体轴线方向的平均应力(即对称面上的应力) 来判断基体的屈服, 并将基体的塑性部分简化为圆柱状轴对称区域。建立了基体和颗粒/ 基体界面统一的损伤准则, 该准则同时考虑了最大应变和三轴应力的影响, 通过对细观塑性和细观损伤在空间取向上的平均, 建立了材料宏观模量的折减法则。用该细观力学模型, 数值模拟了一种实际金属基复合材料的强度实验, 理论模型与实验结果吻合。      

单向纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料单轴拉伸行为

采用细观力学方法对单向纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料的单轴拉伸应力-应变行为进行了研究。采用Budiansky-Hutchinson-Evans（BHE）剪滞模型分析了复合材料出现损伤时的细观应力场,结合临界基体应变能准则、应变能释放率准则以及Curtin统计模型三种单一失效模型分别描述陶瓷基复合材料基体开裂、界面脱粘以及纤维失效三种损伤机制,确定了基体裂纹间隔、界面脱粘长度和纤维失效体积分数。将剪滞模型与3种单一失效模型相结合,对各个损伤阶段的应力-应变曲线进行模拟,建立了准确的复合材料强韧性预测模型,并讨论了界面参数和纤维韦布尔模量对复合材料损伤以及应力-应变曲线的影响。与室温下陶瓷基复合材料单轴拉伸试验数据进行了对比,各个损伤阶段的应力-应变、失效强度及应变与试验数据吻合较好。     

金属基复合材料微屈服行为的力学分析与试验

本文采用细观力学计算、有限元分析和试验测试等方法,定量研究了短纤维增强金属基复合材料微屈服过程中应力应变分布和微屈服规律,结果表明不同短纤维分布朝向、体积比的Al2O3-SiO2(sf)/Al-Si复合材料微屈服行为符合Brown-Lukens关系,在增强体短纤维附近存在较大应力集中,晶粒直径、位错密度等材料参数对等效应力影响不大,对等效塑性应变有显著影响,同时分析了增强体短纤维的体积含量和短纤维分布状态对材料微屈服强度的影响。     

颗粒增强金属基复合材料微屈服行为的细观力学计算

本文采用细观力学模型 ,计算了颗粒增强金属基复合材料的微屈服行为规律。计算模型是以有限元法、应力二阶矩的割线模量法、Eshelby等有效夹杂方法和双夹杂模型等为基础。计算结果表明在基体材料的微屈服规律符合Brown Lukens线性规律的情况下 ,颗粒增强金属基复合材料的σ 〈εp〉1 2 关系也近似呈线性符合Brown Lukens规律。同时计算了增强体颗粒的含量、热残余应力和位错密度等多方面因素对复合材料微屈服规律的影响。     

颗粒增强高分子基复合材料细观塑性研究

基于基体的Raghava屈服准则,及改进的割线模量法,本文给出了一种细观力学方法来描述由于基体的S-D效应及宏观三轴应力对复合材料塑性变形的影响.      

形状记忆合金短纤维增强弹塑性基体复合材料的力学行为

基于Eshelby等效夹杂方法和Mori-Tanaka的平均化理论推导了针对SMA短纤维增强弹塑性基体复合材料的细观力学模型。利用此模型,分析了这种复合材料的力学行为,讨论了材料温度、纤维体积分数和纤维特征形状等参数对复合材料残余应力和残余应变的影响。这对复合材料的分析和设计都有重要的意义。      

短纤维增强金属基复合材料微屈服行为的计算机模拟

本文采用细观力学模型 ,根据Eshelby等效夹杂原理和双夹杂模型等 ,用计算机模拟的方法定量计算了短纤维增强金属基复合材料微屈服行为规律。计算结果表明在基体材料的微屈服规律符合Brown Lukens线性规律的情况下 ,金属基复合材料的σ - <εp>1 2 也近似符合Brown Lukens规律。同时计算了增强体短纤维的含量、形状、热残余应力和位错密度等多方面因素对复合材料微屈服规律的影响     

短纤维对基体微裂纹扩展的阻滞效应分析

本文用细观力学方法分析短纤维对基体微裂纹扩展的阻滞效应。考虑了单向和随机各向两类短纤维增强复合材料,用应力强度因子和应变能密度因子的变化来表征纤维阻滞裂纹扩展的效应。本文对三种短纤维复合材料作出了具体计算。     

2D-SiC/SiC复合材料拉伸加卸载行为

为了研究国产2D-SiC/SiC复合材料的拉伸损伤行为以及低周循环载荷作用下的力学性能,通过试验和建立加卸载细观力学模型,对其拉伸加卸载行为进行了探讨。建立了单向连续纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料加卸载细观力学模型,得到了初始加载、卸载和重新加载时的应力-应变关系;利用断裂统计方法得到了基体裂纹数随应力变化的关系和复合材料失效判断条件。经过应力转化,将该模型应用于国产二维编织SiC/SiC复合材料。对单向加载试件,采用正交试验方法和最小二乘法得到基体Weibull模量和界面剪切阻力,通过控制材料失效强度与试验结果一致,得到纤维Weibull模量。由上述参数确定的2D-SiC/SiC复合材料拉伸循环加卸载应力-应变曲线与实测曲线吻合很好。通过Matlab编程得到2D-SiC/SiC复合材料单向加载时基体开裂过程图。结果表明,2D-SiC/SiC复合材料失效时,基体裂纹分布相对比较均匀;基体裂纹数随应力单调增加,未出现持平段,表明材料失效时,基体裂纹还没有达到饱和。     

正交铺设陶瓷基复合材料单轴拉伸行为

采用细观力学方法对正交铺设陶瓷基复合材料单轴拉伸应力-应变行为进行了研究。采用剪滞模型分析了复合材料出现损伤时的细观应力场。采用断裂力学方法、 临界基体应变能准则、 应变能释放率准则及Curtin统计模型4种单一失效模型确定了90°铺层横向裂纹间距、 0°铺层基体裂纹间距、 纤维/基体界面脱粘长度和纤维失效体积分数。将剪滞模型与4种单一损伤模型结合, 对各损伤阶段应力-应变曲线进行了模拟, 建立了复合材料强韧性预测模型。与室温下正交铺设陶瓷基复合材料单轴拉伸应力-应变曲线进行了对比, 各个损伤阶段的应力-应变、 失效强度及应变与试验数据吻合较好。分析了90°铺层横向断裂能、 0°铺层纤维/基体界面剪应力、 界面脱粘能、 纤维Weibull模量对复合材料损伤及拉伸应力-应变曲线的影响。      

Strain inhomogeneities in eutectic composites

Transmission and replica electron microscopy have been performed on deformed samples of the as-quenched Ni-W eutectic composite, which deforms extensively by slip in both phases. Two types of strain inhomogeneities were found for samples loaded above the yield point. Longitudinal plastic strain inhomogeneities were a result of the banding of matrix slip. This banding sometimes caused sufficient stress concentrations in the reinforcement phase that it yielded locally at applied stresses well below its macroscopic yield point. Transverse plastic-strain inhomogeneities in the matrix were caused by the preferential yielding of the matrix at or near the reinforcement/matrix interface. The matrix strain gradient caused by this local yielding did not appear to persist for large strains due to the fairly long slip-line length relative to the interfibre spacing. A second mode of transverse strain inhomogeneity was the local yielding of only a fraction of the W fibres intersected by each slip band. Yielding at the reinforcement/matrix interface could be seen to occur at both fibre corners and near ledge-type defects on the flat faces. Because of the severe compatability constraints imposed by the bicrystallike deformation of the composite, secondary slip systems operated locally for plastic strains as low as 0.4%.     

Effect of in-plane constraint on mechanical behaviour of a metallic composite in biaxial stress states

This investigation focuses on the effect of in-plane constraint, which is a measure of the hydrostatic tension at the plane stress condition, on the yielding, fracture and fatigue of thin-walled tubes of an alumina particle-reinforced 6061 aluminium alloy composite. The results are compared with that of the unreinforced alloy. The yield surface radius of the particulate reinforced metal matrix composite (PMMC) is larger than that of the alloy in all loading paths. The fracture strength of the PMMC in terms of equivalent stress value is less sensitive to the change of the in-plane constraint of biaxial loading than that of the unreinforced alloy. The fatigue lives of the composite under the same equivalent strain decrease with the increase of the in-plane constraint factor, but by a lesser amount in comparison to that of the alloy.     

SEM in-situ Fracture Observation and the Reinforcing Effect of Composite SiCp/ZA22

The strengthening effect of a Zn alloy reinforced by SiC particulate was examined. Based on the results of SEM in-situ fracture observation and stress field analysis by finite element method, it is believed that the reinforcing effect of this composite is due to the combination of strain and stress hardening in the matrix.     

颗粒增强复合材料中界面破裂过程数值模拟研究

运用材料真实破裂过程分析RFPA系统,模拟研究了颗粒增强复合材料中的界面破裂过程及其对材料宏观力学性能的影响。所研究的复合材料由基体、颗粒和界面等三相材料单元组成。单元的破裂同时采用拉伸和剪切强度准则进行判断。分别研究了单颗粒和复杂多颗粒分布的情形。模拟结果不仅在应力场分布方面与MARC和ABAQUS等软件的分析结果一致,对于帮助理解颗粒增强复合材料的破坏机理具有重要意义。     

Effect of Particulate Silicon Carbide on Cyclic Plastic Strain Response and Fracture Behavior of 6061 Aluminum Alloy Metal Matrix Composites

In this paper, the cyclic stress response and cyclic stress–strain response characteristics, cyclic strain resistance and low-cycle fatigue life, and mechanisms governing the deformation and fracture behavior of aluminum alloy 6061 discontinuously reinforced with silicon carbide (SiC) particulates are presented and discussed. Two different volume fractions of the carbide particulate reinforcement phase in the aluminum alloy metal matrix are considered. The composite specimens were cyclically deformed using fully reversed tension–compression loading under total strain-amplitude-control. The stress response characteristic was observed to vary with strain amplitude. The plastic strain-fatigue life response was found to degrade with an increase in carbide particulate content in the metal matrix. The fracture behavior of the composite is discussed in light of the interactive influences of composite microstructural effects, cyclic strain amplitude and concomitant response stress, deformation characteristics of the composite constituents and cyclic ductility.     

Interfacial studies on carbon/thermoplastic model composites using laser Raman spectroscopy

Interfacial studies were carried out on a model composite system consisting of a short carbon fibre embedded in a polycarbonate matrix. While the composite was being strained, the local strain along the fibre was monitored using a Raman spectroscopic technique. The residual compressive strain in the fibre due to fabrication was found to be –0.45%. Subsequent loading of the composite up to 0.55% in tension resulted in a complex stress field consisting of tension at the fibre ends and compression in the middle of the fibre. The fibre strain at different levels of applied load was converted to interfacial shear stress (ISS) distribution along the fibre by employing a simple equilibrium analysis. The shape of the ISS profiles indicated a predominantly frictional type of load transfer from the matrix to the fibre. Finally, the maximum ISS value of 15 MPa was found to be unaffected by the amount of strain experienced by the composite.     

A novel approach to measure local strains in polymer matrix systems using polarised Raman microscopy

A novel approach to measure local strains in amorphous polymers is described. The method is based on the identification of changes in the molecular orientation with strain. Molecular orientation is quantified through a series expansion of Legendre functions where the coefficients of the series are determined from the Raman scattering intensities by varying the polarizations of incident and scattered light. The relations between the elements of the strain tensor and the coefficients of the Legendre functions are obtained from a set of simple uniaxial strain tests. The experimental technique is applied to measure the thermal strain field in the matrix around an embedded fibre in a single fibre model composite. The experimental results indicate that local shear yielding takes place within the matrix. This conclusion was supported by measurements of strain distribution in the fibre.     

Micromechanical modeling of local field distribution for a planar composite under plastic deformation

Summary Due to statistical distribution of local material property, local stress and strain fields in a composite are random in nature. Classical micromechanical methods can only predict the average value of these local fields in different phases. An analytical method, which combines the maximum entropy theory and secant moduli method, is proposed in this paper. The distribution of the local field for a planar composite with plastic deformation is examined by the proposed method. The results show that with increase of plastic deformation the stress field in the matrix becomes more and more inhomogeneous. The predicted results on the stress distribution are in reasonable agreement with finite element simulation. Some salient features near the elastic and plastic deformation transition revealed by finite element simulation are also discussed.