基于中国美学精神的当代器物造型研究

目的研究中国美学精神在当代器物造型中的传承,创新器物造型的理论和表达方式。方法分析传统器物造型的成就和目前国内的发展现状,论述中国美学精神的当代价值与造型观念,阐述传承与创新的真谛是传递民族文化精神,承接中华美学思想。运用合成思维通达世间万象,提炼创意理念,采取融合与同构的造型原理,利用联象、重象、变象等表现形式,表达设计师的精神和审美取向。结论当代器物造型要注重传统文化精髓和美学思想的传承与再生,结合当今设计观念和造型手段,创作蕴涵民族精神和时代特征的器物造型作品。     

“轮人为轮”篇的设计美学思想及设计理念

《考工记》中"轮人为轮"篇对车轮制作的每一工序、工艺及规范都做出了明确规定和说明,体现了我国古代的设计美学思想及设计理念。其设计美学涉及器物功能、形式与造型、材料、结构等方面,同时从人、物、自然的关系出发,提出了"重己役物""天人合一""巧法造化""去其常然"等设计理念。     

现代包装仿生设计的时代需求研究

通过分析现代包装设计中所体现的绿色设计理念及反映的生态设计思想,阐述仿生设计在当代设计中的重要问题。以此为基础通过对仿生设计的可持续性设计观念的研究、区域文化的体现及个性消费的追求现象等3个方面,进一步分析仿生设计在现代包装设计的时代需求。进而表达出包装的仿生设计是演绎新时期包装设计的最佳方式之一。它与包装设计的发展趋势相适应——可持续发展的绿色设计、生态设计、人性化设计等观念,符合了新时代商品包装的需求。     

雅安社会创新设计中的锔瓷造器

目的研究社会创新背景下"锔瓷造器"的新方法和对传统手工艺的发展途径。方法雅安社会创新项目中"锔瓷造器"是进行不可复制、独一无二的器型再造,重新创造出一件新的器物,让它以另一种面貌获得"重生",这与传统锔瓷工艺在创意构思、设计理念上都有所不同。结论在社会创新大背景下,研究如何将传统工艺与当代设计相结合,将其参与到社会创新设计支持的公益实践中,使锔瓷工艺焕发新生,探索锔瓷工艺的可持续发展路径。     

传统造物视角解析当代智能家居“和”文化设计

从中国传统造物审美的视角来分析当代智能家居设计，通过对当代智能家居市场产品进行调研，使用对比研究的方法对现有产品功能点，交互点，及内部系统逻辑进行对比分析，研究当代智能家居在用户生活中的交互性及用户在整个使用产品过程中的参与性。从产品的情感化设计，用户需求层次，美学技法，审美设计的动态平衡等方面来论证传统造物思想在当代智能设计中的内在联系，将当代智能产品回溯到传统本真，遵循“道法自然”的设计原则。传统造物设计核心思想为人性化设计，即无论设计任何产品都应该考虑到人的使用因素，但人并非凌驾于物之上，两者应和谐相处，才能到达“和”的设计思想理念，此时人与物也会发挥最大效能。     

中国传统器具的设计观

通过对中国古代灯具主题性的研究,对中国古代的设计观进行梳理,寻找对当代设计有借鉴与启示意义的传统设计思想,从设计艺术学的角度对中国古代灯具造型设计特征、设计理念以及设计思想进行分析,得出了中国古代器物设计制器尚象的造型设计特征、以人为本的设计理念以及器以载道的设计思想。     

文物视角下设计文化的传承与创新

目的 以陕西历史博物馆珍藏的仰韶文化、西周、战国、秦、西汉及唐具有代表性文物为例,对中国传统设计文化进行了梳理和分析。方法 从历史、文化、科技、艺术等方面,结合文献资料分析、文物对比研究、材料科学及加工工艺分析等方法,探索中国古代器物设计的成因与演变,得到中国历史上各个时期器物的设计特点和发展脉络,设计文化更多体现在“天、地、人”的关系之中,体现了古代“由器至道”“格物致知”的造物思想。结果 证明中国自古以来都存在具有自身特点的设计,其“师法自然”“以人为本”“兼爱及节用”等设计思想对当代设计依然具有参考价值;每个时代都有属于当下的设计特征,与时俱进的思想贯穿了中国古代设计历程。结论 设计文化的继承不是复古,而是有创新的继承;不仅是“器”或“技”的继承,更重要的是设计思想的继承。中国的设计就是在“格物致知”和“由知格物”的循环递进中不断发展起来的。     

当代家具设计中的“新中国主义”建构

以"中国主义"的家具设计理论为启示,结合传统设计中的先进理念、优良工艺和审美思维等,对现有的且立足中国传统文化的家具设计作品进行分析归纳。通过在当代背景下重审传统设计中的新精神与新价值,进而提出了符合当代需求的功能渊源、榫卯复兴和形式底蕴的设计思想,并在此基础上创新性地建构了以功能、结构和形式作为支撑的"新中国主义"理论框架,其目的在于明确传统家具设计中顺应时代需求的核心理念,并试图为众多致力于传统振兴的家具设计成果正名。     

人性化设计在城市道路标准规划设计中的应用探究

城市道路存在的根本意义就是为人民提供更好的服务,有效地实现人性化的规划、设计和建设,这不仅仅是建设社会主义和谐社会的重要要求,同时也是解决当前城市交通众多问题的重要突破口。人性化设计在城市道路设计过程中处处都能够看见,可以说是无处不在的。人性化设计在城市道路标准规划设计过程中得到了极大的应用,本文围绕人性化设计在城市道路标准规划设计中的应用展开研究,重点分析了人性化相关概述、人性化设计的理念、城市道路规划中人性化设计的体现。     

当代儿童食品包装中的人性化设计研究

儿童的生理和心理正处于快速成长的时期,其分辨问题和处理事情的能力较低,是比较特殊的一类消费群体。通过关注儿童食品包装的人性化设计,准确把握儿童的生理特点和心理特征,在儿童食品包装中倾注更多的人文关怀,将对儿童的关爱更好的体现出来。本文通过阐述当代儿童食品包装人性化设计的重要性,根据实际情况提出当代儿童食品包装中的人性化设计路径,以此在儿童食品包装中体现出对儿童的关爱。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Effect of Oxide Assisted Metal Nanoparticles on Microstructure and Morphology of Gallium oxide Nanowires

Several researches have been reported about the characteristic of β-Ga2O3 nanowires which was synthesized on nickel oxide particle. But indeed, recent researches about synthesis of β-Ga2O3 nanowires on oxide-assisted transition metal are limited to nickel or cobalt oxide catalyst. In this work, Gallium oxide (β-Ga2O3 ) nanowires were synthesized by a simple thermal evaporation method from gallium powder in the range of 700 - 1000℃ using the iron, nickel, copper, cobalt and zinc oxide as a catalyst, respectively. The β-Ga2O3 nanowires with single crystalline without defects were successfully synthesized at the reaction temperature of 850, 900 and 950℃ in all the catalysts. But optimum experimental condition in synthesis of nanowires varied with the kind of catalyst. As increasing synthesis temperature,the morphology of gallium oxide nanowires changed from nanowires to nanorods, and its diameter increased. From these results, we could be proposed that the growth mechanism of β-Ga2O3 nanowires was changed with synthesis temperature of nanowires. Microstructure and morphology of Synthesized nanowire was characterized by HR-TEM, FE-SEM, EDX and XRD.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from