Automated analytical method for the determination of individual sugars in mixtures of glucose,fructose and sucrose

An automated colorimetric method, using p-hydroxybenzoic acid hydrazide and 2-thiobarbituric acid as colour reagents for the determination of total reducing sugars and fructose respectively, is described. The normal measurement range of reducing sugars is 50–1500 mg litre^?1, but with a simple modification of the autoanalyser arrangement it can be reduced to 1–30 mg litre^?1 or increased to 500–6000 mg litre^?1 without affecting the linearity of the calibration curve. Recovery of sugars by the known addition technique using this method range from 97 to 104%. The method is applicable for the joint determination of glucose, fructose and sucrose in fruits, vegetables and fermentation liquors.     

高效液相色谱法测定车厘子中果糖、葡萄糖及蔗糖含量

采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定车厘子中果糖、葡萄糖及蔗糖的含量。测定方法：Shodex SUGAR系列KS-801(钠型)色谱柱(8 mm×300 mm,6 μm)、流动相为超纯水,流速0.8 mL/min,柱温80 ℃,示差折光检测器(RID)温度30 ℃,进样量20 μL,外标法定量。该法对果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖测定的平均回收率分别为99.96%、100.30%、99.26%,相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为1.54%、0.49%、0.48%,检出限分别为3.50 μg/mL、4.88 μg/mL、7.50 μg/mL,果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖的标准曲线相关系数均在0.999以上(n=5)。该法可快速准确的对果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖定性、定量分析。结果表明,车厘子果肉中果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖的含量分别为5.69%、5.83%、0.24%。     

高效液相-示差折光法比较新疆地产8种蜂蜜中单糖的含量

目的 本文依据国标检测方法(GB/T18932.22-2003)并依据文献对其改进研究比较新疆地区8种蜂蜜中果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖的含量,评价其真伪和质量。方法 采用 Waters carbohydrate high performance(4.6 mm×250 mm,4 μm),乙腈：水(75:25,V:V)为流动相,流速：1.0 mL/min,柱温：35℃,检测器为示差折光检测器,进样量为10 μL。结果 混标及蜂蜜样品中的果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖和麦芽糖在10 min内均达到基线分离,加样回收率分别为98.6%～102.6%,相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为1.5%～2.6%,并且8种蜂蜜中果糖、葡萄糖含量均大于30%,蔗糖含量低于2%。结论 8中蜂蜜中山花蜂蜜果糖含量最高,枸杞蜂蜜葡萄糖含量最高,并且国标检测方法灵敏度高,分析时间短,结果准确可靠,适用于蜂蜜中糖的快速分析和质量控制。     

毛细管气相色谱法测定烟草中葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖的含量

建立了一种用毛细管气相色谱法测定不同烟草样品中水溶性葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖含量的方法。以80%(v/v)乙醇提取烟样中水溶性糖,糖液利用三甲基氯硅烷进行硅醚化反应后,进行毛细管气相色谱分析。结果表明葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖的含量与其峰面积具良好的线性(相关系数在0.9995~0.9998),重复性好(RSD< 1.39%),加标回收率在96.19%~99.16%,可以实现对烟草中单糖的分离鉴定。      

Total,non-volatile free fatty acids as a freshness index for hake (Merluccius hubbsi) stored in ice

Total, non-volatile free fatty acids (FFA) content was determined in hake muscle during fish storage in ice. FFA increased linearly in every season according to freshness loss as determined by sensory scoring. FFA determination is proposed as a valuable alternative to sensory scoring in determining fish deterioration in ice.     

Quantification of glucose,fructose and sucrose in bayberry juice by NIR and PLS

Bayberry plays an important role in the nutrition and is a very important fruit-product. It has a high economic and officinal value. In this study, glucose, fructose and sucrose in bayberry juice were detected and quantified using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. The HPLC method was assumed to provide the reference value of the analyte for calibration. Partial least-squares regression (PLSR) was used to construct calibration models with different pre-processing methods. The number of PLS factors was optimised. The results show PLS models are good for predicting glucose, fructose and sucrose concentrations in bayberry juice, and their prediction accuracy can be improved by using derivative process with the exception of the glucose. The best models were mostly given by the second derivative processed spectra, especially for sucrose with the determination coefficient, R² of 0.9931. This demonstrates the potential of NIR spectroscopy to quickly detect these components simultaneously in bayberry juice with the reference method of HPLC.     

Quercetin content in stored onions (Allium cepa L.): effects of storage conditions,cultivar, lifting time and nitrogen fertiliser level

Storage experiments with commercial cultivars of onion (Allium cepa L.) were performed at low constant temperature (1°C) and at higher variable temperature (～8°C). Cultivar differences in quercetin glucoside content were significant, but neither nitrogen fertiliser level nor lifting time had more than minor effects at start of storage or after 3 or 5 months of storage. The role of onion size for quercetin glucoside content and composition was inconsistent but seemed to be of minor importance. Irrespective of storage conditions, the content of quercetin glucosides only showed minor reduction and the composition was unchanged. After 5 months of storage, onion sprouting was recorded during a shelf‐life period of 9 weeks at room temperature. Early lifting resulted in onions with low sprouting and good storage abilities without negative effects on quercetin glucoside content. The results suggest that it may be possible to minimise nitrogen fertiliser levels without negative effects on onion yield, quercetin glucoside content or storage capacity. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry     

液相色谱-示差折光法测定蜂蜜中果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖的改进研究

实验对反相高效液相色谱示差折光检测法测定蜂蜜中的果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖的方法进行了探讨.结果表明,均匀称取约5g蜂蜜样品,用乙腈+水(40∶60)稀释定容至100mL,既有效地提取蜂蜜中糖类物质,又确保与标准工作溶液的稀释液相对一致性,且稳定性高,重复性好.经过测试10种不同产地的蜂蜜样品,溶解时均无出现分层现象.     

HPLC-ELSD法测定微胶囊中阿拉伯糖、果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖、乳糖含量

建立高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射法(High performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light-scattering detection,HPLC-ELSD)同时测定微胶囊中阿拉伯糖、果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖、乳糖含量的高效液相色谱方法。样品经乙腈水超声波浸取,采用Waters Amide色谱柱(4.6×250mm3.5μm)分离,以1%氨水和乙腈为流动相,使用蒸发光散射检测器进行检测。结果表明,阿拉伯糖:0.44~7.06mg/mL、果糖:0.30~4.74mg/mL、葡萄糖:0.40~6.45mg/mL、蔗糖:0.32~5.04mg/mL、麦芽糖:0.40~6.47mg/mL及乳糖:0.41~6.61mg/mL范围内线性关系良好;方法检出限为0.02~0.03mg/mL;回收率为95.31%~105.33%,6种糖含量相对标准偏差在2.30%~3.50%之间。该方法前处理简单、灵敏度高和检测速度快,适用于微胶囊中阿拉伯糖、果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖、乳糖的定量检测。     

蜂蜜中果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖的测定能力验证结果与分析

目的通过参加FAPAS 2826 蜂蜜中果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖的测定能力验证,提高实验室对食品中果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖的检测能力。方法 FAPAS 2826样品经水提取后,采用高效液相色谱法(high performance liquid chromatography, HPLC)进行检测,并通过多种质量控制措施对测定结果进行评价。结果 FAPAS 2826样品的果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖测定结果分别为38.7 g/100 g、31.8 g/100 g和1.24 g/100 g; Z值分别为?0.3、1.1、0.4。结论实验检测能力评价为满意,表明本实验室蜂蜜中果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖的定量测定能力较好。     

国内市售婴幼儿配方乳粉中葡萄糖、果糖、乳糖 及蔗糖含量的检测与分析

目的分析目前市场上售卖的主要品牌婴幼儿配方乳粉中葡萄糖、果糖、乳糖及蔗糖含量,掌握婴幼儿配方乳粉中葡萄糖、果糖、乳糖及蔗糖的质量状况,调查研究乳基婴儿配方食品是否违规添加果糖情况,指导消费者理性消费。方法本文对婴幼儿配方乳粉进行市场随机采样,建立离子色谱-脉冲安培法测定婴幼儿配方乳粉中葡萄糖、果糖、乳糖及蔗糖方法。经处理后的四种物质以高效阴离子交换柱为分析柱,氢氧化钠为淋洗液,梯度洗脱,脉冲安培检测器(PAD)检测,以保留时间定性,外标法定量。对检测数据进行分析。结果目前国内市场销售23品牌中69批次婴幼儿配方乳粉产品质量总体情况良好。结论婴儿配方乳粉中未发现违规添加果糖。     

离子色谱法同时测定蛋白胨中葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖、乳糖含量

目的建立离子色谱法同时检测蛋白胨中葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖、乳糖的分析方法。方法样品用水作为提取剂,用OnGuard Ⅱ RP柱和OnGuard Ⅱ H柱净化,50mmol/LNaOH溶液作为流动相,用Carbopac PA20柱进行离子色谱分析。结果在该条件下5种糖都能得到较好分离,线性良好,葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖、乳糖和麦芽糖的检出限为0.002、0.004、0.011、0.007、0.018 mg/L,平均回收率为90.59%～97.68%(n=9)。结论该方法操作简便、灵敏度高,可用于作为蛋白胨中葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖、乳糖的检测。     

离子交换色谱法测定10种热带水果中的葡萄糖、蔗糖和果糖

建立了高效阴离子交换-脉冲安培检测（High performance anion exchange-pulsed amperometric detection,HPAE-PAD）测定火龙果、莲雾、牛油果等10种热带水果中葡萄糖、蔗糖和果糖的检测方法。热带水果中的多糖经超声萃取后,用METROSEP CARB 1（150 mm×4.0 mm）色谱柱进行分离,以30.0 mmol/L Na OH为流动相,等度洗脱,用安培检测器检测,18 min可完成对样品多糖的分离和定量分析。经测定,葡萄糖和蔗糖的检出限分别为0.1209μg/m L和0.2827μg/m L,线性范围为1.0⁷0.0μg/m L;果糖的检出限为0.5501μg/m L,线性范围为5.0⁸0.0μg/m L。样品溶液连续5次进样,3种糖的相对标准偏差为0.67%⁷.04%,平均回收率为78.70%¹17.75%。该方法前处理简单、选择性好、灵敏度高,可用于热带水果中可溶性糖的测定。      

高效液相色谱法检测乳制品中果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖和乳糖的含量

建立用高效液相色谱法同时测定乳制品中果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖和乳糖含量的方法。以乙腈-水(体积比75:25)为流动相,通过氨基柱分离和示差折光检测器测定四种糖的含量。在2～20mg/mL范围内线性良好,果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖和乳糖精密度分别为2.90%、1.41%、1.40%和2.79%,相应的回收率分别为94.96%、104.61%、104.56%和97.87%,此法具有快速准确的特点。     

Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis of aqueous sugar solutions containing fructose, glucose, sucrose, maltose and lactose

The glass transition of glucose, fructose, lactose, maltose and sucrose solutions at maximum cryo-concentration was studied by Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis (DMTA), using the disc bending technique. The glass transition temperatures were determined from the peaks in the loss modulus E ', which corresponds theoretically to the resonance point (Maxwell model) for several input frequencies. The frequency dependence was well described by both an Arrhenius-type model and by the WLF (Williams, Landel and Ferry) equation, yielding glass transition temperatures for an average molecular vibration time of 100 s, which were similar to published midpoint temperatures determined by DSC scans. Some sugar mixtures were studied, yielding results that were well described by the Gordon–Taylor equation, using literature data. The frequency dependence of the viscoelastic ratio was also well approximated by an Arrhenius-type equation, with activation energies similar to those of the glass transition temperature and corresponded well to published values of the endset of glass transition.     

HPLC-CAD法测定乳制品中果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、乳糖、半乳糖和麦芽糖含量的不确定度评定

目的采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)串联电喷雾检测器(CAD)法同时测定乳制品中果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、乳糖、半乳糖和麦芽糖的含量,分析果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、乳糖、半乳糖和麦芽糖不确定度。方法通过HPLC-CAD法测定乳制品中果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、乳糖、半乳糖和麦芽糖的含量方法建立数学模型,对各个不确定度因素进行评估、计算,由此计算合成不确定度,最终给出测量结果在95%置信区间下的扩展不确定度。结果本次实验含量测定结果为果糖2.15±0.009(g/100g)葡萄糖7.7490±0.010(g/100g)蔗糖24.5571±0.014(g/100g)乳糖19.8333±0.021(g/100g)半乳糖1.0168±0.026(g/100g)麦芽糖1.8727±0.019(g/100g)。结论所建方法可行,适用于乳制品中果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、乳糖、半乳糖和麦芽糖含量的测定。     

Cost‐effective colorimetric microtitre plate enzymatic assays for sucrose,glucose and fructose in sugarcane tissue extracts

Quantification of sucrose, glucose and fructose is essential for developing a physiological understanding of growth and development of plant species. This is usually achieved by either HPLC or enzymatic assays for specific sugars. The need for reliable and cost‐effective assays of large numbers of samples led us to compare microtitre plate‐adapted enzymatic assays for sucrose, glucose and fructose with current HPLC protocols. The enzymatic assay techniques were modified without loss of precision or accuracy when compared to the original protocols. Application of HPLC and the modified enzymatic assay to a range of sugarcane stem extracts found no difference in assay sensitivity. The enzymatic assay had considerable advantages in terms of sample throughput and cost‐effectiveness. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry     

Separation of fructose,glucose and sucrose in fruit by high performance liquid chromatography using UV detection at 190 nm

Fructose, glucose and sucrose were separated by high performance liquid chromatography (h.p.l.c.) on a 5 μm amine column and detected by absorbance at 190 nm. The procedure quantified these sugars in orange juice and in carambola fruit, but preliminary ion exchange column chromatography was necessary before satisfactory h.p.l.c. results could be obtained. The method is sensitive to 1.2 μg of fructose or 9 μg of glucose or sucrose.     

Pasting properties of Angelica dahurica starches in the presence of NaCl,Na2CO3, NaOH,glucose, fructose and sucrose

The pasting viscosities of starches from Angelica dahurica (three cultivars named Chuan Baizhi, Yu Baizhi and Qi Baizhi in Chinese, respectively), in the presence of NaCl, Na₂CO₃, NaOH, glucose, fructose and sucrose were determined with a rapid visco analyser. The pasting peak, trough or final viscosities and the pasting temperatures (Pt) of Baizhi starches increased with NaCl concentration increased from 0 to 3.0%. The peak viscosities of Baizhi starches increased at 0.2% Na₂CO₃ concentration and then decreased with Na₂CO₃ concentration up to 0.8%. The trough and final viscosities and the Pt decreased with Na₂CO₃ concentration up to 0.8%. The peak viscosities increased in 0.1%, but decreased in 0.2% NaOH concentration. The trough and final viscosities and the Pt decreased in the presence of NaOH. With the concentration of sugar (glucose, fructose and sucrose) increased from 0 to 20%, the pasting peak, trough and final viscosities of these starches increased significantly. For the same Baizhi starch, the elevation of peak viscosity was the most significant when fructose was added, and the elevation of final viscosity was the greatest when sucrose was added.