WC—Co硬质合金的元素组成及化学状态的XPS分析

试样为未脱蜡ＷＣ－１０Ｃｏ硬质合金，在Ｎ２气氛下采用微波快速烧结。用ＸＰＳ灵敏度因子法分析了生坯、正常烧结样品及过烧样品的Ｗ、Ｃ、Ｃｏ化学状态及其相对含量异同。测得样品中Ｗ、Ｃ原子比同理论比基本一致，Ｃｏ的重量百分数同实际配比基本接近，从ＸＰＳ全区扫描谱线中的Ｎ１Ｓ峰观测说明，在Ｎ２气氛保护下样品不氮化。本文还着重就ＷＣ－Ｃｏ硬质合金碳的化学状态进行定量测定，结果表明，未脱蜡烧结后的样品中出现大量     

非均匀结构WC—Co硬质合金

对采用碳化烧结法制取非均匀结构硬质合金的工艺进行了研究。结果表明，碳化烧结工艺可制得非均匀结构ＷＣ－Ｃｏ硬质合金，配Ｃ量以６．０％￣６．１％（质量分数）较好，最佳烧结温度为１４２０￣１４５０℃。ＷＣ－１０％Ｃｏ（质量分数）合金的抗弯强度бｂｂ可达２６００￣２９００ＭＰａ，密度ｐ为１４．４￣１４．６ｇ／ｃｍ＾３，硬度ＨＲＡ为８８．２￣８９．９。此外，还可以获得ＷＣ〈１μｍ的合金。     

水热条件下易烧结PZT粉体合成的影响

用水热法合成了低温烧结用ＰＸＴ「Ｐｂ（Ｚｒ０．５３ＴｉＯ０．４７）Ｏ３」粉体。探讨了水热条件下对合成粉体性能的影响。合成时添加了有助于烧结的Ｆｅ＾２＋,Ｂｉ＾３＋,Ｃｕ＾２＋等离子化合物,经Ｘ－ｒａｙ,ＳＥＭ,ＴＧ－ＤＴＡ及比表面积的测定。表明：当反应介质为４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＮａＯＨ,时间２ｈ,反应温度２００℃时合成后的粉体有良好的烧结性,。粉体中外加了微量ＢＣＷ「Ｂａ（ＣＸｕ０．５Ｗ０．５）Ｏ３」,     

热—力循环对热处理硬质合金钴相结构的影响

用Ｇｌｅｅｂｌｅ－１５００动态应力应变／热模拟试验机对ＷＣ－２０％Ｃｏ（质量分数）热处理硬质合金进行热－力循环实验，借助ＸＲＤ技术分析计算了合金中钴粘结相的相组成，并在ＳＥＭ下观察了合金的微观组织。结果表明：合金烃热－力循环后，钴相中面心β－Ｃｏ含量降低，密排六方α－Ｃｏ含量相应升高；热处理合金钴相中面心钴相对体积百分含量下降的程度低于常规烧结合金。热处理硬质合金制品使用寿命的提高与合金中钴相相结     

等离子喷涂复合陶瓷涂层及其耐磨性能

用等离子喷涂技术制取了ＭＯ＋Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＴｉＯ２、ＭＯＳ２＋Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＴｉＯ２＋Ｃｒ３Ｃ２ＮｉＣｒ和ＭｏＳ２＋Ｃｒ３Ｃ２－ＮｉＣｒ复合涂层．利用ＳＥＭ、ＸＲＤ、和ＸＰＳ等技术．观察和分析了涂层的显微结构和喷涂过程中的物相变化及添加成分对涂层耐磨性能的影响．在ＭＭ－２００型磨损试验机上测定了涂层的滑动摩擦系数和磨损率．结果表明；Ｍｏ、ＭｏＳ２与Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＴｉＯ２的结合性能较好，ＴｉＯ２、ＭｏＳ２在Ｃｒ３Ｃ２－ＮｉＣｒ涂层的气孔和裂纹处偏聚；添加ＭｏＳ２对Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＴｉＯ２涂层的物相组成有明显的影响；适量的ＭＯ、ＭＯＳ２加入Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＴｉＯ２中，可以降低涂层的摩擦系数和磨损率；而ＴｉＯ２、ＭｏＳ２加入Ｃｒ３Ｃ２－ＮｉＣｒ中，对涂层的摩擦磨损性能影响不大     

添加元素和制备工艺对Ag（Cu）—WC触头材料性能的影响

分别用固相烧结和熔浸工艺制备Ａｇ（Ｃｕ）－ＷＣ３５和Ａｇ（Ｃｕ）－ＷＣ６５触头材料，研究添加元素Ｃｏ、Ｆｅ，Ｎｉ和制备工艺对材料性能的影响。结果表明，ＷＣ粉愈细，烧结收缩愈小，硬度愈高，湿混合方式优地干混合，添加Ｃｏ，Ｆｅ，Ｎｉ能促进Ａｇ（Ｃｕ）－ＷＣ烧结。由于形成了金属间化合物，改善了液态铜对ＷＣ颗粒表面的润湿性，ＷＣ颗粒在液态铜中的重排列更容易进行，Ｘ射线衍射和ＳＥＭ分析表明，ＷＣ颗粒表面生成     

新型 Al_2O_3 基陶瓷刀具材料颗粒弥散增韧与晶须增韧的协同作用

研制成功了一种新型陶瓷刀具材料——ＳｉＣ晶须（ＳｉＣｗ）增韧和ＳｉＣ颗粒（ＳｉＣｐ）弥散增韧Ａｌ２Ｏ３陶瓷刀具ＪＸ－２－Ｉ,该材料具有良好的抗弯强度和断裂韧性,同Ａ（Ａｌ２Ｏ３）,ＡＰ（Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＳｉＣｐ）和ＡＷ（Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＳｉＣｗ）等材料相比较表明,在ＪＸ－２－Ｉ材料中具有明显的增韧叠加效应,详细研究了晶须增韧和颗粒弥散增韧的协同作用,建立了理论模型并进行了实验验证．     

meso-四(4-乙酰氧基苯)卟啉与痕量 Cd(Ⅱ)显色反应的分光光度法研究

研究了在ＳＤＳ、ＣＴＭＡＢ及ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００存在下，ｍｅｓｏ－四（４－乙酰氧基苯）卟啉［简称Ｔ（４－ＡＯＰ）Ｐ］与Ｃｄ（Ⅱ）的新显色反应。结果表明，在碱性介质中，在沸水浴中加热２０ｍｉｎ，该卟啉与Ｃｄ（Ⅱ）可形成稳定的高灵敏络合物，其ε４４４ｎｍ＝３．２×１０５Ｌ·ｍｏｌ－１·ｃｍ－１．Ｃｄ（Ⅱ）浓度在０～０．４０ｍｇ／Ｌ遵守比耳定律。络合物中的摩尔比为Ｃｄ（Ⅱ）∶Ｔ（４－ＡＯＰ）Ｐ＝１∶１．在掩蔽剂存在下，方法的选择性较好，可允许存在大量的Ｐｂ（Ⅱ）、Ｃｏ（Ⅱ）、Ａｌ（Ⅲ）、Ｆｅ（Ⅲ）、Ａｇ（Ⅰ）、Ｍｎ（Ⅱ）等离子，直接测定了工业废水中的痕量镉，结果满意。     

CNx薄膜的制备及电子结构

采用反应溅射方法制备了氮化碳薄膜，研究了反应气体压力，溅射功率对薄膜形成的影响，并用Ｘ射线电子能谱（ＸＰＳ）和富里叶变换红外光谱（ＦＴＩＲ）对样品的电子结构进行了分析，结果表明，反应气体Ｎ２的压力大高或太低，溅射功率太大或太小，均不利于氮化碳膜的形成，在Ｎ２压力的８Ｐａ溅射功率为２００Ｗ时，薄的氮原子数分数得到最大值４１％，ＸＰＳ和ＦＴＩＲ分析结果揭示了膜中没有的Ｎ原子，所有的Ｎ原子均与Ｃ原子作用     

CSH相脱水过程中β－C2S的形成过程研究

使用化学纯试剂Ｈ２ＳｉＯ３、ＣａＯ为原料，在常压１００℃的条件下，分别合成了钙硅比（Ｃ／Ｓ）等于１．０，１．５和２．０的ＣＳＨ相，探讨了β－Ｃ２Ｓ在ＣＳＨ相脱水过程中的形成温度和形成速度，同时对于Ｃ／Ｓ＝１．０和１．５的两个体系，我们在样品中补充部分ＣａＣＯ３，进一步探讨了由β－ＣＳ＋ＣａＯ→β－Ｃ２Ｓ转化的速度。β－Ｃ２Ｓ的形成数量使用定量Ｘ衍射进行测定     

Atomic force microscope study of WC-10Co cemented carbide sintered from nanocrystalline composite powders

In order to compare the spark plasma sintedng （SPS） process plus hot isostatic press （HIP） with vacuum sintedng plus HIP, an investigation was carried out on the topography, microstructure and gain size distribution of nanocrystalline WC-10Co composite powder and the sintered specimens prepared by SPS plus HIP and by vacuum sintering plus HIP by means of atomic force microscopy （AFM）. The mechanical properties of the sintered specimens were also investigated. It is very easy to find cobalt lakes in the specimen prepared by vacuum sintering plus HIP process. But the microstructure of the specimen prepared by SPS plus HIP is more homogeneous, and the grain size is smaller than that prepared by vacuum sintering plus HIP. The WC-10Co ultrafine cemented carbide consolidated by SPS plus HIP can reach a relative density of 99.4%, and the transverse rupture strength （TRS） is higher than 3540 MPa, the Rockwell A hardness （HRA） is higher than 92.8, the average grain size is smaller than 300 nm, and the WC-10Co ultrafine cemented carbide with excellent properties is achieved. The specimen prepared by SPS with HIP has better properties and microstructure than that prepared by vacuum sintering with HIP.     

Powder Extrusion Molding of Nanocrystalline WC-10Co Composite Cemented Carbide

The rods that were shaped from nanocrystalline WC- 10.21 Co-0.42 VC/ Cr3 C2 （ wt% ） composite powders by using powder extrusion molding （PEM） were investigated. The nanocrystalline WC- 10.21 Co- 0. 42 VC/ Cr3 C2 （ wt% ） composite powders were prepared by the spray thermal decomposition-continuous reduction and carburization technology. In order to improve the properties of rods shaped by using powder extrusion molding, the cold isostatic pressing （CIP） technology was used before or after debinding. Specimens were siutered by vacuum siutering and hot isostatic pressing （HIP）. The density, Rockwell A hardness, magnetic coercivity , and magnetic saturation induction of siutered specimen were measured. The microstructure of the green bodies and the siutered specimens was studied by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. Results show that the rod formed by using powder extrusion molding after debinding and followed by cold isostatic pressing can be siutered to 99.5% density of composite cemented carbide rods with an average grain size of about 200- 300 nm, magnetic coercivity of 30.4 KA / m, Rockwell A hardness of 92.6 and magnetic saturation induction of 85% . Superfine WC- 10 Co cemented carbide rods with excellent properties were obtained.     

Research on Ultrafine WC-10Co Cemented Carbide with High Propertie

1 IntroductionMaterials scientists overthe world have been workingto seek for materials with both high hardness and hightoughness. The ultrafine grained WC-Co (cobalt-bondedtungsten carbide) is one of ideal materialstill now.Nano-crystalline WC-Co cemented carbides have both highhardness and hightoughness[1-8].Submicron hardmetals are used as wear parts ,circu-lar shearing and cutting blades , magnetic video tapes ,chipless formingtools ,dental tools and others .The per-formances of these t…     

氧在阻氢薄膜TiC_x中的行为研究

采用磁控溅射和离子束混合技术制备不同C/Ti含量比的TiCx阻氢薄膜,并利用XPS测试手段分析氧在薄膜中的分布及存在方式,进而分析C/Ti含量比和H＋辐照对氧行为的影响,以期求得在不影响TiCx薄膜阻氢性能的基础上有效降低薄膜中氧含量的途径,提高薄膜的抗氧化性能,延长薄膜的有效寿命。     

XPS Studies of Magnetic Multilayers

NiOx/N81Fe19 and Co/AlOx/Co magnetic multilayers were fabricated by reactive RF/DC magnetron sputtering on clean glass substrates and oxidized Si (100) substrates, respectively. The exchange biasing field (Hex) between NiOx, and Ni81Fe19 as a function of NiOx, oxidation states was studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The oxidation states and the oxide thickness of Al layers in magnetic multilayer films consisting of Co/AlOx/Co were also analyzed. It is found that the Hex of NiOx/Ni81Fe19 films only depends on Ni2+ but not on Ni3+ or Ni. The bottom Co can be completely covered by depositing an Al layer thicker than 2.0 nm. The oxide layer was Al2O3, and its thickness was 1.15 nm.     

超音速火焰喷涂两种WC-17%Co涂层的组织和性能研究

采用超音速火焰喷涂法制备纳米和普通WC-17%Co涂层,借助于SN-3400型扫描电镜(SEM)、D8型X射线衍射仪(XRD)、HXD-1000TM型显微硬度计、SHT4605型拉伸试验机和TRB型球盘磨损试验机对涂层组织结构、相组成、显微硬度、结合强度及耐磨性能进行了分析.结果表明,两种WC-17%Co涂层形成过程中WC发生了分解,并形成了W2C、W和CoxWyCz(Co3W3C、Co3W9C4)等一些新相,纳米涂层的组织形态明显好于普通涂层,组织晶粒细小,WC晶粒保持在120~150 nm的纳米尺度范围;纳米涂层的显微硬度、结合强度和耐磨性都高于普通涂层,相比之下,纳米涂层的显微硬度、结合强度比普通涂层高出近30%,在相同的试验条件下普通涂层的磨损体积是纳米涂层的2倍.     

Effects of Phosphorus Additions on Microwave Sintering Properties of UltrafineWC-lOCo Cemented Carbides

Using the microwave sintering technology, the effects of phosphorus （P） additions on the microstructure and properties of the ultrafine WC-10Co alloys were investigated. The experimental results show that with only 0.3wt% P additions, full density WC-10Co cermets were obtained at temperature of 1250℃, which is 70 ℃ lower than that of the undoped counterparts. Lower sintering temperature can result in finer WC grain growth; therefore, the P-doped WC-10Co alloys exhibited higher hardness than the undoped ones. But at the same time, P doping could lead to sacrifice of fracture toughness ofWC-10Co cemented carbides.     

VC/Cr3C2对微波烧结超细WC-10Co性能的影响

利用微波烧结技术，研究了添加VC／CBQ晶粒生长抑制剂对WC-10Co超细硬质合金微观结构及性能的影响。结果表明，添加总量质量分数为0．6％的抑制剂的合金的综合性能最好，过量的抑制剂反而会降低合金性能；并且微波烧结合金不论是否有晶粒长大抑制剂，均能得到均匀的细晶结构。     

Effect of sintering atmosphere on microstructure and properties of TiC based cermets

The effect of the sintering atmospheres （vacuum, N2, Ar） on the microstructures and properties of the TiC based cermets was studied using XRD, SEM/BSE and energy dispersive spectrometer. Compared with the alloy sintered in vacuum, the carbon content of the specimen sintered in N2 and Ar is lower by 0.5%; and the nitrogen content is higher by 0.3% when sintered in nitrogen. The central part of the ring structure may be carbide with either a high W or Ti content. The ring structures are （Ti, W, Ta, Mo, Co, Ni）C solid solutions with different metallic elements and distributions. The composition of the binder phase is （Co, Ni） solid solution with different Ti, W, Ta, Mo, C contents. The structures are uniform for the cermets sintered in vacuum and the properties are the best. When sintered in Ar or N2, the O2 and N2 in the atmosphere take part in the sintering reaction to break the carbon balance in the cermets to form a shell structure and defects, which results in poor density, microhardness （HV） and transverse rupture strength （TRS）.     

Rapid Sintering of Alumina in Low Pressure RF Plasma

PlasmashowsmanypeculiarPrOPertiesforspecimenheating.Manyparaxneters,suchasgeneratingmethods,workingpressure,andgasspeciesofplasmaaffectheatingcharacteristicstospecimens.TheplasmasinteringofoxideceramicswasexaminedtOhavethecharacteristicsofrapidheatin...