宽板坯连铸结晶器浸入式水口结构优化的研究

针对宽板坯连铸生产现状,采用商业软件PHOENICS对其建立三维数值模型,模拟宽板坯连铸结晶内钢液的流场分布.研究了不同水口倾角、插入深度及拉速等参数条件对结晶器内流场的影响,得出了适用于宽规格结晶器合理的浸入式水口.这为优化宽板坯结晶器内钢液的流场及浸入式水口结构及确定合理的工艺参数提供了科学依据.     

宽板坯结晶器浸入式水口结构优化的数值模拟

以某钢厂宽板坯连铸结晶器为研究对象,利用商业软件PHOENICS建立一个三维有限差分模型,模拟宽板坯连铸结晶器内钢液的流动分布.通过分析水口底型、倾角、插入深度等工艺参数对钢液面波动、流股对结晶器窄面的冲击力及涡心高度的影响,得出适用于宽规格结晶器的合理的浸入式水口.通过研究,为优化宽板坯结晶器内钢液的流场及浸入式水口的设计提供了科学依据.     

1 850 mm×230 mm板坯连铸结晶器流场与温度场数值模拟

为研究连铸工艺参数对结晶器内部钢液的作用规律,对涟钢1 850 mm×230 mm板坯连铸结晶器流场和温度场进行了系统的数值模拟,研究了不同吹氩量(0～7 L/min)、不同水口浸入深度(110～150 mm)和不同拉速(0.9～1.2 m/min)对结晶器内钢液行为的综合影响。结果表明,随着吹氩量增加,自由液面的钢液流速和温度总体呈现降低的趋势;随着水口浸入深度增加,自由液面的钢液流速先降低后增加;随着拉速增加,自由液面的钢液流速增加;水口浸入深度和拉速对温度场的影响较小。当吹氩量为5 L/min、水口浸入深度为130 mm、拉速为0.9 m/min时,结晶器自由液面具有较小的钢液流速和湍动能,同时液面具有较好的温度均匀性。通过数值模拟研究,为合理选择结晶器相关工艺参数提供了理论依据。     

高拉速厚板坯连铸结晶器流场影响因素的模拟研究

运用数值模拟研究方法,研究高拉速厚板坯连铸结晶器流场的影响因素;研究浸入式水口结构、水口控流方式、水口出口角度、水口浸入深度、结晶器宽度、结晶器厚度、吹氩等因素对结晶器流场、液面流速以及初生坯壳的影响.结果表明在高拉速下,结晶器的流场不稳定因素增多,工艺参数对结晶器流场的影响因数增加.在高拉速下结晶器流场流速高,液面波动大,液钢流束冲击深度大,势必造成产品质量的下降趋势,因此高拉速厚板坯连铸过程必须采用电磁制动或流场控制技术,降低高流速带来的不利影响;水口结构与结晶器规格最优化与匹配能得到适宜的结晶器流场;同时发现高拉速钢液流束对结晶器初生坯壳的影响严重,是高拉速漏钢率高的直接原因之一.     

柳钢板坯连铸结晶器流场优化

结合柳钢炼钢厂3号板坯连铸机的工艺参数,采用水力学模型物理模拟,通过测量结晶器液面波高和注流冲击深度,研究了浸入式水口侧孔形状、侧孔倾角、插入深度和拉速对结晶器流场的影响规律;采用数值模拟,分析了优化后结晶器的流场特征及钢液面的运动速度.结果表明:水口侧孔形状为椭圆形,侧孔倾角为18°,插入深度为160 mm时,在中高拉速下都能获得合理的结晶器流场.应用生产后,铸机年平均漏钢次数下降了43.1 %,铸坯表面清理率下降了44.9 %,冶金效果明显.     

天钢板坯结晶器流场物理模拟及连铸工艺优化

为研究结晶器内钢液流场,通过对工艺参数的优化,进一步提高铸坯质量,以天津钢铁集团有限公司4#-VAI板坯连铸结晶器为原型进行水模试验,通过调节拉速、水口浸入深度,研究了结晶器内流场形态、液面波动、流场冲击深度和保护渣形貌等的变化情况。模拟试验表明,在现有参数和水口尺寸情况下,结晶器流场合理、液面渣层平稳、坯壳厚度均匀,能够满足铸坯质量要求。     

浸入式水口对超宽板坯结晶器内流场影响

针对超宽板坯连铸生产情况,进行了超宽板坯连铸结晶内钢液的流场分布模拟分析,研究了不同水口倾角、侧孔开口面积、插入深度及拉速等参数条件对结晶器内流场的影响。     

板坯连铸机结晶器内钢液流场的数值模拟

基于流体力学的基本理论,利用商业软件fluent的,κ-ε湍流模型,实现了对结晶器内钢液流场的三维数学模拟.重点分析了浸入式水口的形状、插入深度、水口侧孔倾角以及拉速等工艺参数对结晶器钢液流场的影响.结果表明,对于断面为1280 mm × 180 mm的板坯结晶器,水口插入深度为150 mm,水口倾角为向下15°,拉坯速度为1 m/min时,结晶器内的流场较好.     

厚板坯连铸结晶器流场数值模拟

针对鞍钢新轧钢第一炼钢厂厚板坯连铸结晶器建立了三维湍流数学模型和三维实体模型.应用有限元软件对厚板坯连铸结晶器内的流场进行了模拟,计算了铸机拉速、浸入式水口出口倾角和水口浸入深度等工艺参数对结晶器内钢液流动的影响.对比表明,数值模拟结果与水模实验结果相符.     

板坯连铸浸入式水口浸入深度对卷渣行为的影响

板坯连铸中,浸入式水口浸入深度对保护渣卷入有着非常重要的影响.针对某厂板坯结晶器流场、钢液表面流动情况展开研究,通过数值模拟对不同浸入水口浸入深度进行对比分析,并采用水模型试验进行验证.结果表明,浸入深度为100 mm和110 mm时,结晶器液面表面流速较高,最高分别为0.215 m/s和0.210 m/s;浸入深度为...     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.