混床树脂污染失效原因分析及处理

大庆石化分公司化工一厂脱盐水工段生产的是二级脱盐水,有3个除盐系列,2个冷凝液精制系列和1套反渗透装置,生产的脱盐水供锅炉除氧器使用.采用离子交换法进行水处理.交换树脂可再生重复使用.由于回收的冷凝液水温、水质变动,及水质监控不及时,或树脂长期使用造成老化失效等原因,造成运行床再生后不合格,使供锅炉水出现结垢、积盐和腐蚀现象[1].影响了锅炉的正常运行和安全生产,严重时会造成锅炉炉管爆裂的重大事故.     

阴床阴离子交换树脂被阳离子交换树脂污染原因分析及处理

针对化学除盐装置90A系列阴床阴离子交换树脂被阳离子交换树脂污染原因进行了分析,并制定了一定防范措施。     

复床在除盐工艺中的应用研究

复床设备系统在强酸型阳树脂、强碱型阴树脂化学除盐工艺中具有较高的实用价值。简要论述了复床在阳、阴离子交换系统中的使用特点；着重研究了阴床在使用中存在的问题，提出合理可行的改进措施，井由实际运行结果证明了在采用新的两步进碱法再生工艺后阴床的运行完全可以达到设计指标，而且获得了明显的经济效益。具有很高的推广使用价值。     

合成气氢源下悬浮床加氢反应焦炭及催化剂特性分析

在高压釜中,合成气气氛下考察了克拉玛依减压渣油在不同分散型催化剂作用下的裂化反应,对反应前后催化剂的存在形态进行了光学显微扫描(SEM)分析和X射线衍射(XRD)分析。实验结果表明,催化剂存在的主要作用是抑制生焦和抑制过度裂化,改善产品分布。催化剂和焦的XRD分析谱图中没有检测到钼的硫化物形式,而在二元钼钴复合催化剂的焦XRD谱图中检测到非化学计量的CoMoS_x;焦的SEM分析表明,催化剂的存在有利于抑制焦炭颗粒的长大,水溶性催化剂作用下焦炭颗粒最小,颗粒尺寸约1μm。水溶性二元复合催化剂的总体催化性能优于相应的一元水溶性催化剂和油溶性催化剂,所选用的几种催化剂的活性从大到小的顺序为:Mo/CoMo/NiCoNaphNiNaphCo(NO_3)_2,Ni(NO_3)_2AMT。     

三室三层浮动床处理高含盐量黄河水技术改造

介绍了齐鲁石化公司热电厂二期水处理装置采用三室三层浮动床技术进行黄河水处理的改造及运行情况。对三室三层浮动床的改造和运行中的问题进行了探讨并提出解决方案。改造工程的实践证明,对于电导率不大于1080μs/cm的原水,采用离子交换法制取除盐水在技术上是可行的。     

浅议双室浮动床中弱型树脂的配用

叙述了双室浮动床中弱型树脂的作用机理，详细介绍了配用量的计算方法以及配用中应予重视的若干问题。     

双室浮动床水处理技术的应用与提高

对原有锅炉水处理单元的工况进行了分析 ,阐述了改造理由 ,提出了改造方案 ,并进行了工艺核算和优化 ,改造后取得了十分明显的经济效益。     

阴树脂老化导致的问题及其处理方法

格尔木炼油厂离子交换阴床运行近13年后，出现连续再生3次都无法还原彻底的异常现象。通过详细的检查和试验，表明导致此现象的原因是阴树脂老化、强度下降、树脂破碎，碎树脂在交换剂层中会引起结块，使再生液分配不均匀，部分树脂再生度低，必然影响出水水质与制水量。采用碱液空气擦洗法有效地解决了此问题。     

稠油污水深度处理所需离子交换树脂的影响因素研究

随着国内油田稠油的不断开采，需要对大量废弃的稠油污水进行有效处理并利用。根据油田对稠油污水深度处理回注锅炉的需要，对深度处理过程中软化水质步骤所需的离子交换树脂的主要影响因素进行了研究，为现场离子交换树脂的有效使用提供了实验依据。     

Solid-phase extraction of staphylococcal enterotoxin A in dairy products using an ion exchange resin

In this study, we developed a solid-phase extraction method for staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE), especially SE type A (SEA), in milk and dairy products. Ion-exchange resin, a cation-exchanger, was applied for the extraction of SEA, which was then measured using a sensitive fluorescence immunoassay. First, the optimal pH for the binding of SEA to the cation exchanger was determined to be pH 4.0. Second, the optimal volume of elution buffer, consisting of phosphate buffer with 0.5 M sodium chloride at pH 8.0, was estimated to be 6 ml for a column containing 4 ml wet volume of the cation-exchanger. Food samples (10 ml each) were then studied for the application of the extraction method. High recovery of SEA was obtained from raw milk (approximately 90%), sterilized milk product (approximately 60%), and skimmed milk powder (approximately 60%), whereas the recovery from cheese (approximately 40%) was lower than from other samples. These recoveries were almost constant at different concentrations of spiked SEA. The minimum measurable level with this extraction method was very low, being 0.25 ng/g in skimmed milk powder for example. With a larger volume (60 ml) of sample, this level was as low as 0.025 ng/g SEA in skimmed milk powder. The present extraction method was very simple and time saving in comparison with the conventional method with chloroform and trichloroacetic acid. The results of this study indicate that this extraction method could be applicable for the measurement of SEA in milk and dairy products.     

D002强酸性离子交换树脂催化醇醛缩合生产甲缩醛的工艺模拟

基于连续搅拌反应器(CSTR),对D002离子交换树脂作催化剂反应合成甲缩醛的过程进行了模拟。在确定了参数的甲缩醛反应动力学模型的基础上,用Aspen Plus软件建立了CSTR流程。在甲醇进料流量为2kmol/h、甲醛进料流量为1kmol/h、水进料流量为4.44mol/h的条件下研究了催化剂用量、反应温度、反应器体积、反应器操作压力等因素对甲缩醛收率的影响。得到的优化工艺条件如下:催化剂质量分数为10%,反应温度为100℃,反应器体积为10m3,醇醛物质的量比为2:1,反应器操作压力为常压。采用优化的工艺参数后甲缩醛收率可达58.0%。     

阳离子交换树脂催化水解乙酸甲酯的动力学研究

在间歇搅拌釜反应器中测定了G-6104型阳离子交换树脂催化水解乙酸甲酯的反应动力学；测得了消除外扩散影响的水解反应速率数据，归纳得到了实验条件下的动力学模型方程。研究表明，控制步骤是吸附在催化剂表面的乙酸甲酯与未吸附的水所发生的表面反应。实验还测定了反应温度、催化剂用量和水酯比对乙酸甲酯水解率的影响。     

钻井液CO2污染的预防与处理

柴3井是新疆柴窝铺地区土墩子构造上的1口探井,是柴2井（距柴3井150m)的替身井,设计井深为4500m,地层泥页岩成岩性差,水敏性强,极易不化剥落,含有CO2气体,柴3井应用具有抗CO2污染能力的钾基聚合物石蒌钻井液体系钻井,预防CO2气体的污染,用室内研制的FCLS,CaO,KOH胶液配方处理被CO2严得污染的钻井液,顺利完钻,柴3井现场试验表明,适当提高钻井液密度,能有效阻止地层中CO2气体的侵入,适当提高钻井液的pH值,有利于消除CO2的污染。     

国内外ABS树脂发展态势分析与建议

分析了国内外ＡＢＳ树脂的供需状况,预测了未来几年的发展趋势,对我国ＡＢＳ树脂工业的发展提出了建议。     

焦化蜡油活化树脂吸附脱氮及反应性能的研究

在实验室条件下,分别以D72阳离子活化树脂和D001-CC阳离子活化树脂为吸附剂,在连续吸附固定床反应器中对焦化蜡油进行吸附脱氮研究,并用催化裂化微反装置对脱氮后的焦化蜡油进行催化裂化反应性能研究。考察两种活化树脂在固定床吸附反应器中的吸附穿透曲线、两种活化树脂对焦化蜡油中碱性氮的动态吸附特性及两种活化树脂在不同吸附温度下对焦化蜡油碱性氮脱除率的影响,比较两种活化树脂的吸附性能。脱氮前后焦化蜡油分别进行催化裂化反应,比较脱氮前后焦化蜡油催化裂化反应性能。实验结果表明:D001-CC活化树脂的最佳吸附温度为70℃,6h后吸附能力达到饱和,饱和吸附量为19.35mg/g;D72活化树脂的最佳吸附温度为60℃,5h后吸附能力达到饱和,饱和吸附量为7.75mg/g。焦化蜡油经树脂脱氮处理后催化裂化反应程度加深,转化率提高。反应温度为400℃时,未脱氮的焦化蜡油转化率为44%,经过30min吸附脱氮处理,焦化蜡油的转化率达到81.5%。在较高的反应温度下,碱性氮的含量对催化剂活性的影响更为敏感,碱性氮的含量减少幅度较大的焦化蜡油,催化裂化的转化率增加更多。     

聚乙烯管材及管用树脂的开发与应用

介绍了国内外聚乙烯管材及管用树脂的开发趋势及产品的使用情况，并根据目前国内的市场需求及未来的发展，针对大庆石化公司塑料厂的聚乙烯生产装置特点提出新产品的开发方向。     

Comparison between fixed and fluidized bed cathodes and effect of supporting electrolyte in electrochemical removal of copper ion from dilute solutions

Comparison between fixed and fluidized bed cathodes was experimentally investigated in a circulated-batch system. The cell was made of a Perspex column of cylindrical shape; the inside diameter and the height were 10 and 70 cm, respectively. The results indicated that the performance of the fixed bed is better than that of fluidized bed considering the rate of removal percent and current efficiency.Experimental study of the role of the supporting electrolyte in electrolytic cells confirmed that, type and concentration of supporting electrolyte have a remarkable effect on the two aforementioned parameters as well as the rate of removal. Using of NaCl showed better results than Na₂SO₄.     

铝塑复合管用黏合性树脂的制备及其加工工艺

采用接枝技术，制备了PE－g-MAH。在此基础上通过掺混同种或异种树脂提高其黏合性能，制备了满足铝塑复合管用的黏合性树脂。     

Simulation for estimation of hydrogen sulfide scavenger injection dose rate for treatment of crude oil

The presence of hydrogen sulfide in the hydrocarbon fluids is a well known problem in many oil and gas fields. Hydrogen sulfide is an undesirable contaminant which presents many environmental and safety hazards. It is corrosive, malodorous, and toxic. Accordingly, a need has been long left in the industry to develop a process which can successfully remove hydrogen sulfide from the hydrocarbons or at least reduce its level during the production, storage or processing to a level that satisfies safety and product specification requirements. The common method used to remove or reduce the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the hydrocarbon production fluids is to inject the hydrogen sulfide scavenger into the hydrocarbon stream. One of the chemicals produced by the Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI) is EPRI H₂S scavenger. It is used in some of the Egyptian petroleum producing companies. The injection dose rate of H₂S scavenger is usually determined by experimental lab tests and field trials. In this work, this injection dose rate is mathematically estimated by modeling and simulation of an oil producing field belonging to Petrobel Company in Egypt which uses EPRI H₂S scavenger. Comparison between the calculated and practical values of injection dose rate emphasizes the real ability of the proposed equation.