平面薄膜自由振动的有限元分析

构造6节点三角形单元,适合于平面薄膜自由振动的有限元分析.文中采用面积坐标,给出单元的形函数,根据哈密顿原理建立薄膜自由振动方程,推导其单元刚度矩阵和单元质量矩阵.3个典型算例表明,6节点三角形单元的计算结果比ANSYS三角形单元更接近理论解,具有更高的精度.     

视景仿真的关键技术

针对视景仿真开发中的几个常见问题,提出了解决方案。包括：利用回调函数将OpencL代码嵌入到Vega应用程序中,实现Vega中未能提供的图形功能;分析了视景坐标系与模型坐标系之间的对应转换关系,给出两种常用的转换公式;概述了通用视点方式的设计方法,通过开发自定义运动模式实现了以输入设备控制视点的方法。     

基于校准靶的C形臂相机模型自动校准方法

根据校准靶标志点影像的特点,提出一种自动的离线C形臂相机模型校准方法。应用聚类算法实现标志点信息的自动识别,通过行列索引表简化标志点网格姿态的识别,自动建立标志点在影像坐标系和空间坐标系下坐标的对应关系,经几何变形校正后,实现C形臂相机的校准。实验数据证明,该方法具有良好的鲁棒性,误差小于1 mm,可应用于基于术中C形臂X线影像的手术导航系统。     

空间薄壁梁单元面向对象程序的实现

针对传统有限元分析软件主要面向过程设计,其可维护性和可扩展性等较差的问题,基于面向对象程序设计方法,建立具有内部节点的空间薄壁截面梁单元模型,给出线弹性空间薄壁梁单元的UML类图,介绍矩阵类、截面类、材料类、节点类、单元类和结构类等6种类成员的主要属性和方法.用C#编制相应的有限元程序,通过T形框架算例比较和验证其位移和弯曲转角计算值、理论解和ANSYS的BEAM 189梁单元的数值解,结果表明该程序精度良好,可用于空间薄壁结构的有限元分析.     

平面应力问题新型广义有限元法

结合广义有限元和理性有限元的优势,针对平面应力问题提出一种新型广义四边形单元.该单元考虑泊松效应,以节点位移自由度约束弹性力学平面应力方程的半解析解,构造单元位移模式的附加项,较准确地反映真实位移场,提高单元的计算精度.推导新型广义单元及其等参单元的形函数公式,设计分片试验和数值算例验证单元的精度.数值算例结果表明：在规则网格和非规则网格下新单元的计算精度均优于传统有限元和广义有限元.新单元具有精度高且易于程序实现的特点,可推广应用到实际工程的结构分析中.     

物联网WSS簇间节点安全链路模型

针对物联网无线服务系统通信中易遭受数据窃听、恶意行为攻击和用户平台隐私泄露问题,提出了一个基于可信第三方的簇间节点安全链路模型.该模型基于离散对数困难问题和双线性对映射建立节点可信匿名认证及簇形结构地址查询机制,利用杂凑函数和随机数生成的临时身份代替节点的真实身份以实现匿名性,将可信第三方嵌入认证机制以防止匿名认证机构与协调器共谋对用户平台实施Rudolph攻击,同时仅对控制中心授权的可信簇形结构提供查询服务.通过源簇形结构与链路中各节点的证书验证、密钥协商和填充机制实现数据的嵌套加解密及防流量分析服务,保证簇间节点数据传输安全.在此基础上,给出了链路模型的UC安全性证明.理论分析和实验结果表明:该模型在抑制数据窃听、流量分析和保护节点匿名性方面有明显优势.     

有限元数据场可视化的扫描母元法

介绍一种画等参单元云图及等值线的新方法,称为扫描母元法.采用自然坐标系中母元被划分为足够小的三角形子域,然后用一条水平线,依次扫描母元中子域的顶点,利用顶点的自然坐标以及等参单元的形函数计算实际坐标及场量.利用实际坐标找到像索,利用场量求出颜色,把像素设置为求出的颜色.扫描母元法适用于画二维单元及三维单元表面或剖面上的云图和等值线,由于没有对高阶场量进行线性化等近似计算,所以,保持了高阶单元的精度.实践表明,方法精度高,速度快.易于实现.     

绘制二维单元等值线的一种简单方法

等值线是二维标量场可视化的一种主要手段,提出一种画二维单元等值线的简单方法。首先把母元等分成4个子块,然后利用子块顶点的自然坐标和单元的形函数,求出实际单元中对应子块的顶点温度,利用子块顶点温度判断是否有等值线通过。对于有等值线通过的子块,求出其包围盒的尺寸,如果小于等于一个像素,则把对应的像素设置为相应的颜色,否则,在母元中把子块继续4等分,直到实际坐标系中子块的包围盒尺寸小于一个像素为止。应用实践表明,这种方法原理简单,精度高,易于编写程序。     

全局坐标系下有限元形函数的直接构造方法

在有限元分析中,当计算全局坐标系下某坐标点(x,y)的场变量时,往往先通过求解等参逆变换得到该点的局部坐标(ξ,η),再通过插值函数求得该点的场变量的大小.然而等参逆变换的求解等价于求解一非线性方程组.本文基于Lagrange插值原理和形函数的特点构造了全局坐标系下的形函数,算例表明本文得到的形函数求解简单,精度与常规逆变换相当.     

混凝土三维钢筋埋置组合式有限单元模型及其网格自动生成

为克服三维钢筋混凝土有限单元模型中网格划分存在的缺陷，提出了埋置组合式有限单元模型。该模型在形成混凝土三维单元时可不考虑钢筋的方位，只要给出钢筋起点与终点的坐标，即可自动形成钢筋在组合单元中的信息，实际应用表明，该模型方便可行，单元划分效率较高。     

基于空间组合式单元模型的表面求交算法

在空间埋置组合式单元模型中，钢筋单元可埋置于混凝土单元任何位置，混凝土单 元网格剖分不受钢筋位置的限制，方便实用，但需确定钢筋单元两端在混凝土单元表面的位置坐 标。因此，求解钢筋线与混凝土单元表面的交点坐标是应用该单元模型的前提，现有的求解方法 只适用于混凝土单元表面是平面的情况。为此，提出了牛顿迭代法和分块解析法两种处理方法， 能求解钢筋线与混凝土单元表面为任何形状时的交点坐标，增强了该模型的适用性。通过算例验 证了这两种方法的正确性。从适用性而言，分块解析法要优于牛顿迭代法。     

基于Ansys的带侧向支撑桩的稳定性

为分析既有建筑物增设地下空间托换桩的稳定性,利用Ansys建立增设侧向支撑的钢筋混凝土桩的三维有限元模型,通过改变桩周土水平抗力系数的比例系数、桩周土开挖深度、桩身截面边长、桩身配筋率和载荷偏心距等参数,分析桩的受压极限承载力和相应支撑轴力的变化规律.结果 表明:桩受压极限承载力和相应支撑轴力随载荷偏心距和桩周土开挖深...     

倒塌分析中框架及土体的模型

以有限元软件MSC Marc为平台,利用其方便的二次开发功能,开发钢筋混凝土框架结构和土体的计算模型. 框架梁柱采用钢筋混凝土杆系结构的纤维模型THUFIBER模拟,地基土则采用一种改进的Drucker-Prager模型来模拟. 计算结果表明,基于MSC Marc出色的非线性分析能力和二次开发能力,可以很好进行结构倒塌过程中上部结构和土体关系的模拟.     

Nonlinear finite element analysis of concrete structures using new constitutive models

Nonlinear finite element analysis was applied to various types of reinforced concrete structures using a new set of constitutive models established in the fixed-angle softened-truss model (FA-STM). A computer code FEAPRC was developed specifically for application to reinforced concrete structures by modifying the general-purpose program FEAP. FEAPRC can take care of the four important characteristics of cracked reinforced concrete: (1) the softening effect of concrete in compression, (2) the tension-stiffening effect by concrete in tension, (3) the average (or smeared) stress–strain curve of steel bars embedded in concrete, and (4) the new, rational shear modulus of concrete. The predictions made by FEAPRC are in good agreement with the experimental results of beams, panels, and framed shear walls.     

Two-dimensional modeling of material failure in reinforced concrete by means of a continuum strong discontinuity approach

The paper presents a new methodology to model material failure, in two-dimensional reinforced concrete members, using the Continuum Strong Discontinuity Approach (CSDA). The mixture theory is used as the methodological approach to model reinforced concrete as a composite material, constituted by a plain concrete matrix reinforced with two embedded orthogonal long fiber bundles (rebars). Matrix failure is modeled on the basis of a continuum damage model, equipped with strain softening, whereas the rebars effects are modeled by means of phenomenological constitutive models devised to reproduce the axial non-linear behavior, as well as the bond-slip and dowel effects. The proposed methodology extends the fundamental ingredients of the standard Strong Discontinuity Approach, and the embedded discontinuity finite element formulations, in homogeneous materials, to matrix/fiber composite materials, as reinforced concrete. The specific aspects of the material failure modeling for those composites are also addressed. A number of available experimental tests are reproduced in order to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed methodology.     

Some aspects on three-dimensional numerical modelling of reinforced concrete structures using the finite element method

This paper deals with some aspects related to three-dimensional numerical modelling of reinforced concrete structures using the Finite Element Method (FEM). Some subjects such as the solution technique of the non-linear equilibrium equations and the constitutive model for concrete and reinforcement steel are emphasised and commented. A robust method for the evaluation of the intersecting points of the embedded reinforcement bars into the three-dimensional finite element mesh is also presented. The main advantages of the Generalised Displacement Control Method with the Generalised Displacement Parameter to improve the response of the concrete and reinforced concrete analyses are highlighted. Finally, a series of numerical examples related to the above-mentioned aspects are presented.     

Numerical modeling of masonry-infilled RC frames subjected to seismic loads

The behavior of masonry-infilled reinforced concrete frames under cyclic lateral loading is complicated because a number of different failure mechanisms can be induced by the frame-infill interaction, including brittle shear failures of the concrete columns and damage of the infill walls. In this study, nonlinear finite element models have been used to simulate the behavior of these structures. Diffused cracking and crushing in concrete and masonry are described by a smeared-crack continuum model, while dominant cracks as well as masonry mortar joints are modeled with a cohesive crack interface model. The interface model adopts an elasto-plastic formulation to describe the mixed-mode fracture of concrete and masonry. The model accounts for cyclic crack opening and closing, reversible shear dilatation, and joint compaction due to damage. The constitutive models have been validated with experimental data and successfully applied to the dynamic analysis of a three-story, two-bay, masonry-infilled, non-ductile, reinforced concrete frame tested on a shake table. The results have demonstrated the capabilities of the finite element method in capturing the nonlinear cyclic load–displacement response and failure mechanisms of the structure, and indicated the important contribution of infill walls to the seismic resistance of a non-ductile reinforced concrete frame.     

不同载荷工况下机床主轴预紧力选取的数值分析方法

为研究预紧力对机床主轴的影响,提出在不同载荷工况下机床主轴预紧力选取的数值分析方法.计算得到预紧力与轴承刚度的关系,在轴系结构有限元模型中设置不同预紧力下的轴承刚度值,通过静力学分析求解轴系变形和刚度;计算得到预紧力与轴承发热量的关系,在轴系热分析有限元模型中设置轴承热源,通过传热分析求解主轴温升.计算结果表明,该方法...