双光子激发二氢卟吩衍生物的光物理特性

用飞秒脉冲激光,研究了二氢卟吩光敏剂CPD3分子在双光子激发(TPE)下的光物理过程。报道了该分子在四氢呋喃(THF)溶剂中的TPE荧光光谱及其寿命,以及在波长800nm处的双光子吸收(TPA)截面,其中,TPE与单光子激发(OPE)的荧光光谱形状一致,具有相同的荧光发射带,荧光寿命分别为5.1ns和5.7ns;在波长800nm处的TPA截面σ2≈12.5×10-22cm4/GW。本文分析表明:在TPE下,该分子跃迁到激发态S2,经历了无辐射弛豫到达OPE的同一荧光能级,呈现激发Q带所产生的正常的荧光发射;该分子具有大的TPA截面是起源于该分子的刚性平面共轭结构所固有的线性吸收特性和TPA共振增强;CPD3作为光动力治疗(PDT)的光敏剂,又具有长波长的荧光发射、ns级的荧光寿命和大的TPA截面特性,这些双重特性使其有可能成为双光子荧光分子探针,借助于双光子荧光显微和成像技术,在分子水平上揭开PDT光敏药物与细胞器的结合特性和作用靶点等深层次问题。     

3-羟基黄酮的双光子吸收特性研究

3-羟基黄酮（3-HF）是一类具有激发态质子转移（ESPT）效应的有机分子，通过双光子诱导荧光研究了3-HF的ESPT的过程，并利用开孔Z-扫描的方法，在波长为532nm的皮秒脉冲激光激发下测量3-HF在环己烷溶液中的ESPT的双光子吸收系数。实验测得了在不同光强条件下的双光子吸收系数，结果表明，3-HF的双光子吸收系数随入射光强的增加而减小。这是由于在皮秒脉冲光的作用下，大量的3-HF分子被激发到激发态，而不能迅速返回，造成基态的粒子数不断减小，因此当光强增强时，双光子吸收系数减小。     

CS2宽带光限幅和非线性吸收特性研究

利用ns脉冲激光,研究了CS2在420-470nm波长范围内的非线性吸收和光限幅特性。实验结果表明,CS2对420-450nm波长的脉冲激光具有大的非线性吸收和优良的光限幅性能,随着波长的增加,其非线性吸收和光限幅性能逐渐减小;CS2良好的宽带光限幅性能源于其大的非线性吸收,其非线性吸收机制为双光子吸收（TPA）以及由TPA诱导的激发态吸收（ESA）。     

TbP_5O_(14)非晶中Tb~(3+)的双光子吸收

本文报导了我们首次观察到TbP_5O_(14)非晶中Tb~(3*)离子的双光子吸收现象,发现二级理论允许的双光子吸收较强,否则则很弱,并且这些弱的双光子吸收的强度可由进一步考虑三级自旋轨道相互作用对双光子吸收的微扰贡献加以解释。     

新的偶氮类有机共轭化合物的合成及三阶非线性光学性能

设计合成了6个新的偶氮类有机共轭化合物,用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR),1H核磁共振(1H NMR)和元素分析确证了结构.采用飞秒激光,运用简并四波混频(DFWM)法,研究了化合物在非共振状态下的三阶非线性光学(NLO)性能.它们的三阶非线性光学极化率x(3)为(3.31～3.96)×10-13 esu,非线性折射率n2为(6.08～7.27)×10-12esu,分子二阶超极化率γ为(3.44～4.11)×10-31 esu,响应时间τ为102～111 fs.探索了化合物的分子结构对三阶非线性光学性能的影响.引入离域能小的芳杂环,增长共轭链,形成吸供构型,增大取代基的供电子能力,提高共轭体系的共平面程度等因素,有利于获得较大的三阶非线性光学性能.     

SBS相位共轭技术在强激光-振放系统上的应用

对SBS相位共轭技术应用于强激光振放系统(masteroscillator power amplifier,MOPA)系统的研究工作进行了回顾,介绍了几种用于放大级畸变修正、退偏补偿、激光束并束的典型实验方案,指出了SBS相位共轭技术应用于MOPA上的一些可能的发展方向。     

多聚烯化合物光反应制御与双光子吸收光谱相位共轭补偿大气传输中SBS的阈值效应对目标上光强分布的影响

实验发现,芪,1,4-二苯基1,3-丁二烯等多聚烯化合物的非共振双光子(NRTP)异构化强烈地依赖于光波长。顺反异构的双光子制御不仅证明了激发态的对称性质,而且给出了一种获得某些低荧光化合物双光子吸收光谱的新方法。提出了在用非线性光学技术补偿激光大气传输过程中,利用受激布里渊散射(SBS)的阈值效应可以在非配合目标上主动获得小面积的信标光斑。从理论上证明了在存在大气湍流的情况下,阈值效应对目标上信标光强分布的影响。最后分别就最初目标上的光斑是由两个强反射光点组成的光斑和是一个大面积的强度连续分布的光斑的情况进行了实验研究,实验结果与理论相符合。     

Tb3+掺杂SrO-TiO2-SiO2玻璃在红外飞秒激光照射下的三光子激发上转换发光

Tb3 掺杂SrO-TiO2-SiO2 玻璃在 800nm 的飞秒激光照射下可以观察到红外至可见的上转换现象.由飞秒激光激发的上转换荧光光谱与 267 nm 氙灯激发的荧光光谱非常相似.其上转换荧光可归因于Tb3 的5D3→7F4和5D4→7FJ(J=6,5,4,3)能级跃迁.由发光强度和泵浦光源能量之间的关系可以得出此上转换过程为三光子同时吸收过程.基态电子同时吸收三个红外光子被激发到较高激发态,然后以非辐射跃迁方式弛豫到较低激发态,再辐射跃迁到基态从而产生 Tb3 的特征发光峰.这现象可应用于三维立体显示,可见激光和高密度光存储技术.     

CdSeS量子点的光学非线性特性研究

以Nd:YAG锁模激光器二倍频532 nm的激光作激发光,利用Z-扫描技术研究了CdSeS量子点的光学非线性特性.实验结果表明,CdSeS量子点在532 nm光激发下具有很大的非线性吸收效应,吸收光谱和荧光光谱表明,CdSeS量子点的非线性吸收效应来自于双光子吸收.与已经有报道的量子点相比较发现CdSeS量子点产生双光子吸收效应的阈值为1.36 GW/cm2,非线性折射率达10-8 esu量级,平均双光子吸收截面为25 960GM.CdSeS量子点的这些优异光学非线性特性可使其广泛地应用在生物成像、荧光标记、全光光开关及光限幅等方面.     

Spectral imaging technology of epithelial tissue based on two-photon excited fluorescence and second-harmonic generation

The layer structures of the esophageal and oral tissues were investigated by using spectral imaging technology based on two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) and second-harmonic generation (SHG). Because spectral imaging technology allows a simultaneous record of both the spectra and image, it is capable of identifying the layered structures of the epithelial tissues, including the keratinizing layer, epithelial cell layer and stromal layer in the molecular level, which are strongly correlated to tissue pathology. All this work indicates that this technique has the potential to provide more accurate and comprehensive information for the early pathological diagnosis of tissues with the stratified squamous epithelia.     

一种新型芴类衍生物的双光子光致漂白三维光存储

基于光致漂白的双光子吸收三维光信息存储原理,以钛蓝宝石飞秒脉冲激光在一种新型光致漂白材料芴类衍生物BMOSF中进行光致漂白双光子信息写入和读出的实验研究,实现了6层光信息存储,信息点间距和信息层间距分别为8和10μm;采用MATLAB软件对6层信息点进行信号强度识别和信号点强度对比.实验表明,芴类衍生物BMOSF可以用...     

水溶性量子点ZnS:Mn的光学非线性特性研究

以Nd:YAG锁模激光器二倍频532 nm激光为泵浦光,用Z-扫描技术详细研究了水溶性量子点ZnS:Mn的光学非线性特性.实验结果表明,ZnS:Mn量子点对532 nm的光存在明显的双光子吸收.重点研究了在双光子吸收区ZnS:Mn量子点的非线性吸收和非线性折射,求解了不同入射光强下ZnS:Mn量子点的双光子吸收系数、双光子吸收截面、非线性折射率以及三阶非线性极化率,计算得到双光子吸收截面的最大值达10650×1050 cm4·s·photon-1,平均非线性折射率为8.22×10-20 m2·W-1.分析表明,ZnS:Mn量子点具有长波长的荧光发射、优良的光化学稳定性以及较小的双光子吸收截面,这些特性使其有可能成为双光子荧光分子探针.     

探测大气压力的差分吸收激光雷达的一种光发射机

介绍了一种氧气A带差分吸收激光雷达发射机,试图用于大气压力探测实验.该激光发射机是基于种子注入的光参量振荡器和光参量放大器的结构.作为从振荡器,采用一个环形腔KTP光参量振荡器.作为注入种子的主振荡器,即一个连续波外腔调谐二极管激光器.该连续波外腔调谐二极管激光器,由高精度的波长计构成的一个PID(Proportional-Integral-Derivative)伺服控制环,稳定其工作波长.向光参量振荡器的谐振腔注入连续波的种子激光,通过"Ramp-Hold-Fire"技术,锁定OPO(Optical Parametric Oscillator)谐振腔的腔长.该激光发射机具有高的光频率稳定性(30 MHz/rms)、窄的线宽(傅立叶转换限)、高的脉冲能量(≥45 mJ)等性能,能够在工作期间保持稳定.发射机系统以单纵模式工作,使得差分吸收激光雷达对后向散射光信号的窄带探测成为可能.因而此类系统具有精确探测大气压力的发展潜力.     

基于TDLAS技术的空气气压精确测量

基于可调谐激光二极管吸收光谱(TDLAS)技术,通 过测量水汽吸收线的展宽,实现了气体压力的精确测量。实验中光源被 分为两束,一束通过压力可调的样品池获得吸收光谱数据,另一束通过FP标准具用以波 长定标。选取 水汽在7243cm－1附近的两条吸收线, 利用测得的10～20kPa之间的水汽吸收线压力展宽值对 HITRAN数据库中的空气展宽系数进行校正。实时测量了参考气压值从30～100kPa时的 水汽吸收线压力展宽,计算得到气压值并与参考气压进行比较,不同参考压力下利用水汽7243.075cm－1 和7242.370cm－1处吸收峰计算结果与参考气压值的偏差分别分布于0.9%附近和2.0%附近,两条吸收谱线 测量结果波动均小于0.2%。实验测量结果与参考值几乎一致,且同一条件不同次测量结果波 动较小,证明了TDLAS技术应用于实时环境气压精确快速测量的可行性。     

Optical absorption properties of HgCdTe epilayers with uniform composition

Hg_1−xCd_xTe is an important material for high-performance infrared detection for a wide spectral range, from 1.7 μm to beyond 14 μm. An accurate understanding of the relationship between optical absorption and bandgap energy of this semiconductor alloy is needed for pre-process layer screening, detector design, and interpretation of detector performance. There is currently a disparity among the infrared detector community in relating the optical absorption properties to HgCdTe alloy composition and bandgap energy. This disagreement may stem from a misunderstanding of absorption properties, where existing models were developed decades ago using either bulk material or material with nonuniform composition. In this work, we have initiated an investigation of the optical absorption properties of HgCdTe with uniform composition grown by molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE) with in-situ compositional control via spectroscopic ellipsometry. The absorption properties show unique characteristics in the bandtail region, with insignificant temperature dependence. The absorption properties above the bandgap suggest a hyperbolic bandstructure as opposed to the common assumption of a parabolic bandstructure. The temperature dependence of the bandgap energy shows good agreement to the commonly used expression developed previously by Hansen et al.     

Semiconductor-to-metallic phase transition of VO<Subscript>2</Subscript> by laser excitation

VO₂ thin films deposited on MgO and fused silica glass substrates were prepared by the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique, which shows phase transition (PT) from the monoclinic semiconductor phase to a metallic tetragonal rutile structure at temperatures over 68°C. The observed PT is reversible, showing a typical hysteresis. The PT can also be induced through optical pumping by laser excitation. In this case, it was found that the optically induced PT is ultrafast and passive, but not thermally initiated. In order to understand the PT mechanism, a study of transient holography using degenerate-four-wavemixing (DFWM) measurement was conducted. A Nd:YAG pulsed laser with pulse duration of 30 psec operating at 532 nm was employed as the coherent light source. This showed that the observed transient holography in VO₂ thin film is associated with the excited state dynamical process, which essentially causes the structural change, or so-called optically induced PT. The observed extremely large polarizability is believed to relate to the large offset in the potential well minimum between the ground state and excited state. Through an unidentified intermediate state, the transient lattice distortion triggered the structural change.     

Temperature,thickness, and interfacial composition effects on the absorption properties of (Hg,Cd)Te epilayers grown by liquid-phase epitaxy on CdZnTe

Transmission spectra of liquid-phase epitaxy (LPE) Hg_1-xCd_xTe with Cd mole fractions in the range of 0.23<x<0.30 have been obtained as a function of temperature and thickness. The results are described using a model consisting of exponential (Urbach) absorption in the band tail region and band-to-band absorption, predicted by a Kane k p model, for the above band gap region. Modifications to the Urbach and transmission expressions are found to be necessary to properly describe the shape, temperature, and thickness dependence of the spectra. A known composition gradient was found to be sufficient to describe the spectra obtained for thin (<20-μm) samples.