Comparative performance analysis of various binary coded PSO algorithms in multivariable PID controller design

In this paper, comparative performance analysis of various binary coded PSO algorithms on optimal PI and PID controller design for multiple inputs multiple outputs (MIMO) process is stated. Four algorithms such as modified particle swarm optimization (MPSO), discrete binary PSO (DBPSO), modified discrete binary PSO (MBPSO) and probability based binary PSO (PBPSO) are independently realized using MATLAB. The MIMO process of binary distillation column plant, described by Wood and Berry, with and without a decoupler having two inputs and two outputs is considered. Simulations are carried out to minimize two objective functions, that is, time integral of absolute error (ITAE) and integral of absolute error (IAE) with single stopping criterion for each algorithm called maximum number of fitness evaluations. The simulation experiments are repeated 20 times with each algorithm in each case. The performance measures for comparison of various algorithms such as mean fitness, variance of fitness, and best fitness are computed. The transient performance indicators and computation time are also recorded. The inferences are made based on analysis of statistical data obtained from 20 trials of each algorithm and after having comparison with some recently reported results about same MIMO controller design employing real coded genetic algorithm (RGA) with SBX and multi-crossover approaches, covariance matrix adaptation evolution strategy (CMAES), differential evolution (DE), modified continuous PSO (MPSO) and biggest log modulus tuning (BLT). On the basis of simulation results PBPSO is identified as a comparatively better method in terms of its simplicity, consistency, search and computational efficiency.     

改进粒子群优化算法在PID参数整定中的研究

针对粒子群优化算法（PSO）容易出现早熟收敛的问题,提出一种改进的粒子群优化算法（IMPSO）。该算法通过引入粒子群聚合度和变异的思想,能很好避免早熟,提高粒子全局搜索能力。将此改进的粒子群优化算法用于PID控制器的参数整定,具有操作简单,寻优快速等优点。     

控制系统的辨识建模及微粒群优化设计

针对控制系统的传递函数建模与控制器的参数优化问题,提出了基于Prony和微粒群优化（PSO）算法的设计方案。首先在被控对象的输入端施加一个脉冲信号,然后对其输出信号进行Prony分析,得出该被控对象的传递函数,最后采用改进PSO算法进行控制器的参数优化设计。基于辨识的Prony算法可快速准确得出被控对象的传递函数;基于T-S模型模糊自适应的改进PSO算法（T-SPSO算法）依据种群当前最优性能指标和惯性权重自适应惯性权重取值,较好解决了PSO算法的早熟问题,可以更好地优化控制器参数。该方案实现了控制系统的精确建模与优化设计,仿真结果验证了所提方案的有效性。     

基于多模型粒子群优化的PID参数鲁棒整定

针对常规粒子群优化算法存在的鲁棒性能差的问题，提出一种基于多模型的粒子群优化方法．将其应用于对PID控制器参数的优化，有效地避免了PID控制器设计中复杂的参数调试．即使在模型失配的情况下，控制系统仍保持了良好的控制品质和鲁棒性．通过对几个典型被控对象的仿真实验，证明了所提出的优化算法的实用性、有效性和优越性．     

基于粒子群算法的一种非线性PID控制器

基于PID控制器各增益参数与偏差信号之间非线性关系,分析了一种P/I/D各部分参数关于误差的理想变化过程,根据控制与误差之间的调节规律,给定一组增益参数的连续非线性函数,构造出一种非线性PID控制器。粒子群算法具有对整个参数空间进行高效并行搜索的特点,采用该算法寻优整定该非线性PID控制器的各增益参数。仿真结果表明了所提算法的有效性和所设计控制器的优越性能。     

Position control of electro-hydraulic actuator system using fuzzy logic controller optimized by particle swarm optimization

The position control system of an electro-hydraulic actuator system (EHAS) is investigated in this paper. The EHAS is developed by taking into consideration the nonlinearities of the system: the friction and the internal leakage. A variable load that simulates a realistic load in robotic excavator is taken as the trajectory reference. A method of control strategy that is implemented by employing a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) whose parameters are optimized using particle swarm optimization (PSO) is proposed. The scaling factors of the fuzzy inference system are tuned to obtain the optimal values which yield the best system performance. The simulation results show that the FLC is able to track the trajectory reference accurately for a range of values of orifice opening. Beyond that range, the orifice opening may introduce chattering, which the FLC alone is not sufficient to overcome. The PSO optimized FLC can reduce the chattering significantly. This result justifies the implementation of the proposed method in position control of EHAS.     

基于粒子群优化算法的PID控制器参数整定

PID控制器的性能完全依赖于其参数的整定和优化,但参数的整定及在线自适应调整对常规的PID控制器是难以解决的问题。根据粒子群算法具有对整个参数空间进行高效并行搜索的特点,提出了一种基于粒子群优化算法整定PID控制器参数的设计方法,并定义了一种新的性能指标函数来评价PID控制器的性能。现以二阶的船舶控制装置为研究对象,运用粒子群优化方法对PID控制器参数进行了寻优研究。仿真结果表明,该方法比一般PID参数整定方法具有更好的控制性能指标,有着一定的工程应用价值。     

Longitudinal control of an intelligent vehicle using particle swarm optimization based sliding mode control

This paper focuses on the design of longitudinal controller for an intelligent vehicle which was built at Asian Institute of Technology based on sliding mode control. The proposed controller uses particle swarm optimization (PSO) for optimal tuning of sliding surface and controller gain in the sliding mode controller (SMC). The longitudinal control is conducted via controlling of throttle value angle using PSO-based SMC on the simplified first-order linear model of the intelligent vehicle and controlling of brake force using fuzzy logic. In order to achieve the desired headway time, integration of throttle valve angle control and brake force control is required. To obtain the optimal parameters of SMC, two equations velocity updating and position updating are applied. Firstly, the performance of proposed controller is evaluated by using MATLAB simulation to compare with conventional PD controller. Finally, the experimental results show that the proposed PSO-based SMC can perform efficiently in longitudinal control of the intelligent vehicle.     

基于HS-PSO算法的PID控制器参数自整定

针对粒子群算法(PSO)算法局部搜索能力差的问题,提出一种对PID控制器参数进行自整定的基于和声搜索(HS)的改进粒子群优化算法(HS-PSO).通过引入种群进程因子对惯性权重进行自适应调节以提高PSO算法的收敛速度.另外在PSO进化过程中每代产生的最优个体以新陈代谢方式进入和声记忆库中并进行和声搜索,以克服粒子群优化...     

Design of a Proportional-Integral-Derivative Controller for an Automatic Generation Control of Multi-area Power Thermal Systems Using Firefly Algorithm

Essentially, it is significant to supply the consumer with reliable and sufficient power. Since, power quality is mea sured by the consistency in frequency and power flow between control areas. Thus, in a power system operation and control, automatic generation control (AGC) plays a crucial role. In this paper, multi-area (Five areas: area 1, area 2, area 3, area 4 and area 5) reheat thermal power systems are considered with proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller as a supplemen tary controller. Each area in the investigated power system is equipped with appropriate governor unit, turbine with reheater unit, generator and speed regulator unit. The PID controller parameters are optimized by considering nature bio-inspired firefly algorithm (FFA). The experimental results demonstrated the comparison of the proposed system performance (FFA-PID) with optimized PID controller based genetic algorithm (GA PID) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique (PSO PID) for the same investigated power system. The results proved the efficiency of employing the integral time absolute error (ITAE) cost function with one percent step load perturbation (1% SLP) in area 1. The proposed system based FFA achieved the least settling time compared to using the GA or the PSO algorithms, while, it attained good results with respect to the peak overshoot/undershoot. In addition, the FFA performance is improved with the increased number of iterations which outperformed the other optimization algorithms based controller.      

基于改进粒子群优化算法的PID控制器参数优化

针对PID控制器参数整定问题,提出一种基于改进粒子群优化算法的优化方法。该方法在实数编码及设定参数搜索空间的基础上,采用基于指数曲线的非线性惯性权值递减策略,以较大幅度地提高算法的收敛速度和精度;嵌入基于差分进化算法变异算子的局部搜索策略,以有效提高粒子个体的适应性和群体的多样性,改善解的质量,同时增强算法全局空间探索和局部区域改良能力的平衡。仿真结果表明,该方法与传统和智能算法相比较,所得到的控制器参数能够使控制系统获得更好的动态响应特性和满意的控制效果。     

基于粒子群的H_∞混合灵敏度在飞控系统中的应用

提出了一种基于粒子群优化算法的H∞混合灵敏度控制律设计方法。该方法采用粒子群优化算法来优化加权函数,用H∞混合灵敏度方法设计飞行控制系统鲁棒控制器,满足了系统时域和频域性能要求。以某型飞机横侧向运动为例进行仿真,结果表明,用该方法设计的飞行控制系统具有良好的鲁棒性能和稳态性能,而且具有很好的动态品质。     

Type-2 fuzzy control for a flexible-joint robot using voltage control strategy

Type-1 fuzzy sets cannot fully handle the uncertainties. To overcome the problem, type-2 fuzzy sets have been proposed. The novelty of this paper is using interval type-2 fuzzy logic controller (IT2FLC) to control a flexible-joint robot with voltage control strategy. In order to take into account the whole robotic system including the dynamics of actuators and the robot manipulator, the voltages of motors are used as inputs of the system. To highlight the capabilities of the control system, a flexible joint robot which is highly nonlinear, heavily coupled and uncertain is used. In addition, to improve the control performance, the parameters of the primary membership functions of IT2FLC are optimized using particle swarm optimization (PSO). A comparative study between the proposed IT2FLC and type-1 fuzzy logic controller (T1FLC) is presented to better assess their respective performance in presence of external disturbance and unmodelled dynamics. Stability analysis is presented and the effectiveness of the proposed control approach is demonstrated by simulations using a two-link flexible-joint robot driven by permanent magnet direct current motors. Simulation results show the superiority of the IT2FLC over the T1FLC in terms of accuracy, robustness and interpretability.     

基于粒子群算法的无线充PID控制器优化设计

对于谐振式无线充电系统,由于负载和线圈耦合变化等扰动影响,供电池负载充电的电流若只进行开环控制易产生扰动,故在前向通道中加入经典PID控制器,对系统进行实时有效的闭环控制。针对经典PID控制器的参数无法自适应整定的问题,提出了利用粒子群算法（PSO）自整定设计无线充电PID控制器参数的方法,并进行仿真分析和实验验证,结果表明：引入粒子群算法后的PID控制器快速性和稳定性都优于经典PID控制器,调节时间减少0.647s,最大超调量下降了4,1%,稳态误差误差下降了1.04%,证明了该方法对于改善无线充电系统输出动静态特性的可行性和有效性。     

腰部外骨骼机器人线性自抗扰控制器参数优化

针对腰部外骨骼机器人线性自抗扰控制器参数难以调整的问题,本文提出一种基于天牛须搜索的改进粒子群算法(PSO)。建立腰部外骨骼机器人模型,采用线性自抗扰控制器,进一步引入改进的PSO对其进行参数优化。该算法通过混沌初始化种群,提高粒子执行效率;采用非线性策略调整惯性因子和学习因子,加强粒子的搜索能力;引入天牛须搜索算法与PSO结合,并采用自适应权重,使得粒子可对周边环境进行较好地判断,避免粒子陷入局部最优。分别通过6个测试函数和建立系统评价指标进行仿真实验,结果表明所提出的算法有更好的收敛精度,优化后的控制器具有更好的控制性能。     

基于智能优化的移动机器人轨迹跟踪控制

建立了机器人运动学模型,设计了基于Lyaponov稳定理论的轨迹跟踪控制器,该控制器的性能取决于其参数的大小。粒子群优化算法具有收敛速度快,需要调节的参数少等优点,但优化过程中容易发生“早熟”收敛,使优化陷入局部极小值。通过引入模拟退火算法、“交叉算子”和“变异算子”,提出了一种改进粒子群优化算法,对控制器的参数进行优化设计。最后,通过仿真计算,证明了该方法的有效性。     

基于粒子群算法的PID控制器参数自整定

根据粒子群算法具有对整个参数空间进行高效并行搜索的特点,提出一种对PID控制器参数和非最小相位系统的两阶段PI／PD控制器参数进行自整定的计算框架．仿真结果表明了所提出算法的有效性和所设计控制器的优越性．     

基于改进粒子群算法的PID参数优化与仿真

提出了一种基于改进的粒子群优化（PSO）算法的PID控制器参数整定方法。该方法采用了PSO的惯性权值自适应调整机制和粒子种群的动态更新策略,用以加速优化算法的收敛和维持群体的多样性。与常规的PSO算法相比,该方法简单易行,更容易找到全局最优解,优化效率和性能明显提高。将该算法应用非最小相位、一阶滞后等系统的PID控制器参数的优化,能够使控制系统获得较好的动态特性和很强的鲁棒性。仿真实验表明了所提出算法的有效性和优越性。     

A new controller for DC-DC converters based on particle swarm optimization

We propose a new controller for DC-DC converters based on particle swarm optimization (PSO). This new converter controller uses the PSO optimization method to directly control, by itself, the output voltage of a boost DC-DC converter. In order to validate and qualify the proposed converter controller, we analyzed and implemented some variants of the PSO algorithm, namely the standard PSO and the global local best PSO. The proposed converter controller was then compared with a variant of the classic PI controller with anti-windup, for different operational conditions. The three controllers compared in this work were implemented in the microcontroller TMS320F28027 by using the code composer studio from Texas Instruments. The results show that the proposed controller exhibits better behavior in terms of settling time and overshoot. Unlike most popular DC-DC converter controllers, the proposed controller does not require any sort of optimal parameter determination.     

求解TSP问题的混合遗传微粒群算法

采用借鉴遗传算法的编码、交叉和变异操作的遗传微粒群算法对旅行商问题进行求解。针对微粒群算法的进化机制,设计了满足三条染色体交叉需要的分步式交叉算子。对多个基准测试实例的仿真计算表明,算法能有效的求解旅行商问题,在求解不同规模旅行商问题上性能均优于标准微粒群算法和离散二进制版本的微粒群算法。