定子电阻辨识用于异步电机温度监测的研究

定子绕组温度监测是电机安全运行的重要保障.利用定子电阻值与温度的密切关系,提出了一种定子电阻估计方法以反映绕组温度的变化.在电流定向的坐标系中,异步电机数学模型中与定子电阻相关的部分得到简化.基于异步电机稳态模型,得到了独立于定、转子电阻和转速的稳态磁链估计,然后利用稳态磁链建立了定子电阻在线整定律.该整定律只需量测定子电流电压,简单易行.所提出的定子温度监测方法可以作为电机过热保护的一种辅助措施.     

一种基于锁相环原理的参考模型自适应感应电机转速估计方法

针对超低速及零定子频率运行条件下感应电动机转速的不可观测性导致基于电机模型的传统速度估计方案无法实现速度估计,引入了高频信号注入法来获得转子磁链矢量位置角并得到转子磁链的参考模型,并以转子磁链的电流模型作为调节模型,在此基础上,提出了基于锁相环原理的参考模型自适应速度估计方案．仿真结果进一步验证了该方案的有效性．     

基于DSP的自适应速度辨识直接转矩控制系统研究

异步电机直接转矩控制能产生快速且良好的鲁棒性响应,采用自适应磁链观测器,取代传统的积分器,构造了新型的速度估计器,并结合模糊控制器,实现对定子磁链准确观测和系统无速度传感器运行状态。基于DSP(TMS320LF2407A)核心芯片建立数字化控制系统。仿真与实验表明,该系统对电机定子磁链的观测精度高,转速估算准确,尤其在低速下能保持很高的性能。     

基于定子电流小波变换的感应电机速度估计算法的研究

提出一种基于齿槽谐波检测的转速估计算法。首先对感应电机定子电流进行小波变换,得到谱后再利用脊线检测算法提取瞬时频率,然后根据齿槽谐波频率估计转速。将该算法在感应电机无速度传感器直接转矩控制系统中进行了仿真,仿真结果表明,使用小波变换的估计算法不受电机参数的影响,明显提高了电机的转速估计精度,并且在整个转速范围内有效,从而也解决的了在低速范围内,转速估计精度低的问题。     

不确定性直接转矩控制系统

在异步电动机直接转矩控制系统中,由于定子电阻变化及负载扰动的不确定性,导致定子磁链、转子转速和电磁转矩估计不准确,从而影响系统的调速性能.本文基于扩展Kalman 滤波器,引进虚拟噪声补偿技术,然后采用sage 和Husa 噪声统计估值器,构成鲁棒扩展Kalman 滤波器.并将定子电流,定子磁链,转子转速,定子电阻及负载作为状态变量,基于鲁棒扩展Kalman 滤波器进行了大量实验研究.实验结果证实：状态变量能够准确估计,且转矩脉动优于常规的直接转矩控制方案,实现了高性能无速度传感器的直接转矩控制系统.     

基于位置估计的双馈风力发电机的控制策略

为了避免由机械传感器所带来的一些控制上的问题,提出了一种基于位置估计的双馈风力发电机的控制方案。在转速控制阶段,根据双馈发电机数学模型,通过采集电网电压电流,转子电压电流,采用定子磁场定向的矢量控制策略,利用转子电流矢量综合位置与定子电压矢量综合位置,对并网前后转子位置进行估算,得到转速及功率变化规律,运用这个规律可以实现对转速的控制。最后对1 MW的风力机模型进行系统仿真实验,结果表明整个转速控制区间对转子位置的估计都满足系统要求,基本上解决了风力发电机的转速和无功功率控制难的问题,验证了方案的正确性与可行性。     

高性能矢量控制中电机参数辨识及速度控制策略研究

电机参数的在线辨识补偿与控制器的设计是提高矢量控制系统性能的关键.基于多新息最小二乘法设计了感应电机参数辨识器,利用定子电压、定子电流和转速,估算出感应电机的转子时间常数和定子电阻;针对传统PI调节器的饱和现象,利用Anti-Wndup技术设计了速度控制器,通过引入反计算系数减小积分饱和对系统的影响,从而改善系统的动、...     

A rotor speed estimation algorithm in variable speed permanent magnet synchronous generator wind energy conversion system

A rotor speed estimation algorithm in a direct vector controlled permanent magnet synchronous generator wind energy conversion system is proposed. The proposed method is based on a simple equation obtained from the flux model of the machine and contains only stator flux and current. Constant gain recursive least squares estimator is used for implementing the speed estimation algorithm. Rotor position information used for coordinate transformation is computed using the estimated speed. Stator flux information required by the speed estimator is obtained using the stator voltage equation by implementing a programmable low pass filter. The estimated speed is used as the feedback signal for the speed control loop of the vector controlled machine side converter control system whose command speed is obtained from a wind speed sensorless maximum power point tracking controller, thus, we obtain a complete rotor speed and wind speed sensorless permanent magnet synchronous generator wind energy conversion system. Simulation is carried out to validate the performance of the proposed method. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Further results on nonlinear tracking control and parameter estimation for induction motors

The original contribution of this paper, which concerns induction motors with uncertain constant load torque and rotor/stator resistances, is twofold. The first innovative contribution relies on the experimental analysis of the latest theoretically-based sensorless/output feedback solutions to the problem of tracking rotor speed and flux modulus reference signals with the simultaneous estimation of the uncertain parameters. The second novel contribution is constituted by the proof of existence for a new adaptive local flux observer from rotor speed and stator currents/voltages, which, in its full-order or reduced-order-like versions, involves neither over-parameterizations nor non-a priori verifiable first order stator resistance identifiability conditions at steady-state.     

Adaptive sensorless robust control of AC drives based on sliding mode control theory

This paper focuses in the design of a new adaptive sensorless robust control to improve the trajectory tracking performance of induction motors. The proposed design employs the so‐called vector (or field oriented) control theory for the induction motor drives, being the designed control law based on an integral sliding‐mode algorithm that overcomes the system uncertainties. This sliding‐mode control law incorporates an adaptive switching gain in order to avoid the need of calculating an upper limit for the system uncertainties. The proposed design also includes a new method in order to estimate the rotor speed. In this method, the rotor speed estimation error is presented as a first‐order simple function based on the difference between the real stator currents and the estimated stator currents. The stability analysis of the proposed controller under parameter uncertainties and load disturbances is provided using the Lyapunov stability theory. The simulated results show, on the one hand that the proposed controller with the proposed rotor speed estimator provides high‐performance dynamic characteristics, and on the other hand that this scheme is robust with respect to plant parameter variations and external load disturbances. Finally, experimental results show the performance of the proposed control scheme. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Recursive identification of induction motor parameters

The use of linear parameter estimation techniques to determine the rotor resistance, self-inductance of the rotor winding, as well as the stator leakage inductance of a three-phase induction machine is investigated in this paper. In order to obtain results with maximum accuracy, some specific procedures to reduce the effect of the operating conditions on the quality of the estimates are investigated. For analytical identification, a model is developed from the steady-state equations of induction motor dynamics. The identification procedure, based on a simple algorithm derived from least squares techniques, uses only the information of stator currents and voltages and rotor angular speed as input–output data. The computer simulation as well as the experimental results are used to anchor the main conclusions issued from this study and to demonstrate the practical use of the identification method.     

基于感应电机状态方程的定子电阻辨识方法的研究

基于感应电机两相同步旋转坐标系状态方程,提出了一种新的定子电阻辨识方案。在分别利用励磁电流微分方程和转矩电流微分方程推算转速的基础上,利用二者的等量关系实现了定子电阻在线辨识。该方案的优点是,定子电阻估算仅需要电机终端可测的定子电压、电流,无须借助转子或定子磁链。仿真实验将其应用于无速度闭环矢量调速系统,实时更新转速估算模块中的定子电阻,论证了该方案对电机参数变化鲁棒性强及对改善转速估算精度的有效性。     

High performance of brain emotional intelligent controller for DTC-SVM based sensorless induction motor drive

This paper introduces the application of the induction motor (IM) drive brain emotional intelligent controller (BEIC). Intelligent regulation, modelled on the human brain, is capable of generating impulses and is used as a controller. A Model Reference Adaptive System is developed using stator current and stator voltages, which are further developed with BEIC to approximate the rotor rpm. This paper proposes that speed estimation using BEIC for direct torque control (DTC) of IM drive. The experimental work is conducted on a hardware-in-loop mechanism using a real-time digital simulator (Op-RTDS-OP5600). The simulation and test results are discussed. The proposed method is compared to the DTC-SVM-based IM drive speed control with the existing controllers.

     

感应电机二阶滑模次优算法定子磁链观测器设计

提出了基于二阶滑模次优算法的感应电机定子磁链观测方法,设计了定子磁链观测器,并应用到感应电机直接转矩控制中.本文设计的磁链观测器,通过准确的跟踪电流及其变化率,从而实现对转子磁链的准确估算,然后利用转子磁链与定子磁链的关系,估算出定子磁链.由于本文设计的定子磁链观测器是一个多输入多输出(MIMO)系统,稳定性分析非常复杂,为此将磁链估算误差的微分看作扰动处理,从而将MIMO的观测器模型分解成两个独立的单输入单输出(SISO)系统,简化了稳定性分析.将该观测器用于感应电机直接转矩控制中,达到了很好的控制效果.仿真和实验验证了该方法的有效性.     

开关磁阻电机转子位置软测量建模与仿真

位置检测是开关磁阻电机调速系统中的重要环节。实时、准确的位置信息是开关磁阻电机正确运行的关键。由于其转子位置角是各相磁链与电流的高度非线性函数,传统线性及解析的方法难以精确求得。提出了基于BP神经网络的位置检测方法,采用BP神经网络建立软测量模型,通过离线和在线相结合的方法对网络进行训练,建立开关磁阻电机的电流、磁链与转子位置之间的非线性映射,从而实现SRM转子无位置传感器的检测。仿真及实验结果表明,方法能够实现电机转子位置的准确估计,进而实现开关磁阻电机的无位置传感器控制。     

基于滑模与自适应观测器的感应电机非线性控制新策略

提出一种结合滑模变结构和自适应观测技术的感应电机非线性控制新方法. 以定子电流与定子磁链为状态变量建立感应电机模型, 采用非线性分析方法建立转矩与磁链误差方程, 使用自适应滑模技术设计转矩与磁链控制器, 推导出定子电压控制量. 基于模型参考技术设计自适应观测器, 向控制器提供准确的转速辨识与磁链观测值,并给出了控制系统的稳定性证明. 该方法具有转矩脉动小、定子磁链畸变不明显的优点, 低速时也具有良好的控制性能, 且对参数与负载变化有较强的鲁棒性. 仿真与实验结果证明了该控制策略的正确性与有效性.     

Simulation and analysis of the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor as a brushless AC-drive

In the present paper the behavior of the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) fed by a current controlled voltage source inverter under static and dynamic conditions is presented. A method is explained, which estimates the rotor position angles and rotating speeds at several conditions by measuring the instantaneous values of stator voltages and currents. The estimator is an extended Kalman filter (EKF). The simulation results under four different dynamic conditions, namely the starting, loading of the motor, reversing of speed, and starting with unknown initial rotor position value, are presented.     

Robust speed control of induction motors using position and currentmeasurements

A nonlinear robust output feedback control is designed for a sixth-order model of an induction motor. The control uses only measurement of the rotor position and stator currents. It contains two observers, a second-order observer to estimate the rotor flux from the stator current and a third-order high-gain observer to estimate the rotor speed and acceleration from its position. The control is robust to uncertainties in the rotor and stator resistances, and a bounded time-varying load torque. It guarantees that the speed tracking error can be made arbitrarily small by choice of certain design parameters. Moreover, when the speed reference and load torque are constant, it ensures asymptotic regulation. Simulation results agree well with the analysis     

A novel rotor position estimation approach for an 8/6 solid rotor switched reluctance motor

Switched reluctance motor (SRM) is becoming popular due to its simple construction, low manufacturing cost, ruggedness and fault-tolerant capability. In conventional switched reluctance motor (SRM), rotor is laminated. But in solid rotor switched reluctance motor (SRM), rotor is not laminated, and it is suitable for applications where rotors are immersed in water environment. A stationary can arrangement is introduced between stator and rotor. In this research, an 8/6 solid rotor switched reluctance motor which is used in reactivity control mechanisms of nuclear reactors is considered as test motor. As solid rotor switched reluctance motor is suitable for working in water environments in nuclear reactors, rotor position estimation is the topic of interest. A new approach which adopts two-phase excitation method is presented for rotor position estimation. Four different artificial neural networks (ANNs) with 2-5-5-1 structure are trained to estimate rotor position. The main advantage of this approach is to minimize the required number of voltage and current sensors. The validity of the new approach is verified through online comparison of estimated and actual rotor position.     

无速度传感器直接转矩控制系统仿真研究

在直接转矩控制系统中,采用传统的纯积分器(U-I模型)作为磁链观测器存在低速时定子磁链难以准确观测的问题,采用速度传感器测量转速存在增加系统的复杂性、降低系统可靠性和鲁棒性并增加系统成本和维护要求的问题。文章提出了利用闭环磁链观测器取代传统的纯积分器来观测定子磁链、依据模型参考自适应理论(MRAS)构造速度观测器来实现速度估计的方法。应用该方法,在Matlab仿真工具中构建了异步电动机无速度传感器直接转矩控制系统的仿真模型,仿真结果证明了该方法的合理性和有效性。