基于区间分析理论的摩擦补偿研究

本文采用新型Stribeck模型和区间辨识方法对伺服系统中的摩擦补偿进行了研究。首先,针对Stribeck摩擦模型存在非线性、控制计算量大和不利于控制器设计等缺点,本文对其进行了线性化,并提出一种线性化的Stribeck模型;然后介绍了区间理论的参数辨识方法,并对方法的有效性进行了仿真验证研究;利用所提出的新模型进行了摩擦实验,结果显示该模型可以辨识出摩擦参数,接着设计了前馈摩擦补偿控制器。最后,分别采用阶跃和正弦输入信号进行实验,结果显示采用所设计摩擦补偿器补偿后,两种信号的稳态精度分别提高了26.8%和83.63%,验证了新模型和方法的有效性。本文提出的新型Stribeck模型易于工程应用,所用区间分析理论适用于参数辨识。     

基于参考轨迹修正的机床进给误差动态补偿研究

针对机床伺服进给系统的跟踪精度问题,对线性伺服动力学补偿器和闭环伺服控制系统进行了研究,提出了一种新的动态误差补偿方案,该方法通过修正参考轨迹,对伺服动力学和摩擦干扰引起的定位误差进行了预补偿.首先,对参考轨迹的速度和加速度曲线进行了调制,实现了精确跟踪;然后,根据预滤波器状态,对参考位置曲线进行了修正,从而消除了象限...     

基于LuGre模型的自适应摩擦补偿

为提高开放式伺服系统的动态性能,使其具有良好的适应能力,提出一种基于LuGre模型的自适应摩擦补偿方法.建立开放式伺服系统的动力学模型,并通过LuGre模型来描述系统的摩擦特性.考虑到摩擦模型的参数会随系统变化而发生改变,采用Backstepping方法设计自适应摩擦补偿控制器,并采用Lyapunov定理证明系统的全局渐进稳定性.通过可编程多轴控制器(Programmable multi-axis controller,PMAC)编写伺服算法实现该自适应摩擦补偿方案,并通过试验验证该方案的有效性.试验结果表明:与传统的速度加速前馈补偿相比,该自适应摩擦补偿方案在正弦运动作为输入信号时,其跟踪误差由±40 μn降低到±7 μm.采用该补偿方案能有效地抑制摩擦干扰对伺服系统的不利影响,为提高伺服系统的动态跟踪性能奠定基础.     

遗传算法优化前馈PID控制电液系统研究

电液比例系统由于维护成本低、维护难度小、环境适应性强等优点,被广泛应用于远程控制和恶劣的工作环境。针对比例阀具有低带宽、大死区和流量非线性以及高非线性摩擦等特性,降低了系统的控制性能。为达到伺服系统控制性能,设计了一种前馈控制来补偿系统的非线性,利用PID位置反馈补偿系统未建模的影响,并采用实数编码遗传算法对控制器参数进行优化。阶跃响应和正弦响应结果表明:系统输出达到了伺服控制系统的精度,证明了所设计的控制器的可行性。     

基于LuGre模型的二自由度摆头摩擦补偿

混联机床中二自由度摆头存在的非线性摩擦力矩严重影响加工精度.LuGre模型具有非线性摩擦描述能力,但模型复杂,参数辨识难度较大.本文提出一种改进型量子遗传算法可取得比传统遗传算法更高的辨识精度,并设计了基于模型的前馈补偿策略.为解决不确定因素导致的参数波动,将LuGre前馈补偿和模糊PID相结合,提高了补偿器的鲁棒性....     

二次调节主动升沉补偿实验平台的摩擦辨识与补偿控制

以二次调节主动升沉补偿实验平台为研究对象,针对系统中存在的非线性摩擦转矩,提出摩擦辨识及补偿方案。首先,选用Stribeck模型描述系统摩擦,建立了包含非线性摩擦转矩的平台数学模型;其次,根据平台特点设计摩擦辨识策略,使用最小二乘算法辨识得到未知系统参数,在此基础上拟合Stribeck曲线获取摩擦模型参数;然后,通过摩擦前馈和非线性PID实现摩擦补偿控制,提高升沉补偿精度;最终,实验验证了所提方案的有效性。     

一类不确定机械系统的双调节自适应模糊建模与鲁棒控制

针对含摩擦环节的不确定机械动力系统,建立摩擦力模型及其相应的控制补偿策略一直是人们所关注问题。由于摩擦力所固有的非线性及不确定特征,使得用传统的数学建模与控制补偿方法难以达到满意的系统性能要求。考虑到传统摩擦力模型的缺陷以及不具备自学习和自适应环境的能力,提出用自适应模糊建模技术逼近摩擦动力系统并将辨识结果用在控制器设计中。在用自适应模糊技术建立摩擦模型过程中,自适应参数由跟踪误差和摩擦建模误差共同调节,这加快跟踪误差的收敛速度和模糊建模的逼近精度。在控制器设计方面,考虑到系统存在摩擦建模误差,采用鲁棒控制器设计方案并运用李雅普诺夫稳定性分析证明闭环系统跟踪误差的有界性。数值仿真和试验结果验证了该方法的有效性和实用性。     

高加速度运动系统的非线性摩擦前馈补偿控制

高加速度运动系统中非线性摩擦的建模补偿对提高轨迹跟踪性能至关重要。本文针对传统参数化模型难以准确预估高加速度运动启停阶段摩擦过冲等非线性摩擦的问题,在传统模型结构的基础上,结合扩展Stribeck模型,提出一种扩展参数化模型,模型参数的训练和学习样本源于高精度迭代学习控制获取的有限轨迹下非线性摩擦前馈补偿数据,并采用Levenberg-Marquardt算法拟合模型参数。最后,在音圈电机驱动的高加速定位平台上针对不同运动轨迹进行了实验验证。结果表明,该方法能够克服传统参数化模型难以消除高加速度启停阶段摩擦过冲等非线性摩擦对轨迹跟踪精度的影响;且与迭代学习控制的轨迹跟踪精度接近,有效避免了迭代学习泛化性差等问题,可实现工作空间下任意轨迹的摩擦补偿。     

面向直接示教的机器人零力控制

提出基于力矩控制的零力控制方法应用于机器人直接示教。针对机器人连杆重力矩和关节摩擦力矩难以直接建模计算,分析机器人关节力矩与连杆自重、关节位姿、负载大小、库仑摩擦力、黏滞摩擦力等因素的关系,提出基于自测量的重力矩及摩擦力矩计算方案,并给出重力矩、摩擦力矩求解所需参数的具体测量方案。在自行研制的直流电动机驱动机器人样机上验证所研究补偿算法,力矩补偿效果明显。与现有基于位置控制的零力控制方法相比,该方法无需多维力传感器,系统简洁、成本低、示教灵活,为各类运动轨迹复杂的机器人示教开辟了新途径。     

基于LuGre模型的气动位置伺服系统摩擦补偿控制

气动伺服系统的摩擦力/驱动之比较大,摩擦力模型复杂、受影响因素较多且存在一定的不确定性,导致精确建模比较困难;另一方面,摩擦力和气体的低刚度、弱阻尼特性相互作用导致爬行、黏滑振荡现象,严重影响了伺服系统的动态及稳态性能的提升。在综合考虑摩擦力特征、系统自身非线性、未建模动态不确定性及摩擦力和系统性能相互影响的基础上,结合LuGre摩擦模型,采用双观测器估计摩擦力模型中的部分不确定性参数,提出非线性自适应反步摩擦补偿控制方法。通过在低速和高速工况下分别进行试验验证,并与PID控制方法进行比较,结果表明非线性自适应反步摩擦补偿控制方法有效改善了起步阶段的动态滞后现象,减少了低速工况下爬行及高速工况下的黏滑振荡现象,提高系统的响应速度及跟踪精度。     

A compound scheme on parameters identification and adaptive compensation of nonlinear friction disturbance for the aerial inertially stabilized platform

A compound scheme is proposed to compensate the effect of nonlinear friction disturbance on the control precision of a three-axis inertially stabilized platform (ISP) for aerial remote sensing applications. The scheme consists of friction parameters identification and adaptive compensation. A LuGre model-based ISP friction model is first developed. Then, a comprehensive experimental scheme is proposed to obtain the static friction parameters. Further, the dynamic parameters are identified by experiments and dynamic optimization. On the basis of identified parameters and Lyapunov stability theory, a backstepping integral adaptive compensator is designed to compensate the nonlinear friction disturbance. Simulations and experiments are carried out to validate the scheme. The results show that the compound scheme can accurately obtain the friction parameters and improve the control precision and stability of ISP.     

High precision tracking control of a servo gantry with dynamic friction compensation

This paper is concerned with the tracking control problem of a voice coil motor (VCM) actuated servo gantry system. By utilizing an adaptive control technique combined with a sliding mode approach, an adaptive sliding mode control (ASMC) law with friction compensation scheme is proposed in presence of both frictions and external disturbances. Based on the LuGre dynamic friction model, a dual-observer structure is used to estimate the unmeasurable friction state, and an adaptive control law is synthesized to effectively handle the unknown friction model parameters as well as the bound of the disturbances. Moreover, the proposed control law is also implemented on a VCM servo gantry system for motion tracking. Simulations and experimental results demonstrate good tracking performance, which outperform traditional control approaches.     

Control system design of a linear motor feed drive system using virtual friction

This paper proposes a friction compensator and a design method for control systems to improve the response characteristics of linear motor feed drive systems. The proposed friction compensator cancels the real nonlinear friction of feed drive systems by using the nonlinear friction model proposed in this study and introduces virtual linear friction to facilitate the control system design. The proposed design method enables the determination of servo gains and friction compensator parameters that lead to desirable tracking performance and disturbance rejection without many trial-and-error tuning processes. In addition, the proposed method facilitates the design of the velocity feedforward compensator by using the inverse transfer function of the velocity control loop to correct the position tracking errors for various position commands. The effectiveness of the proposed method with the friction compensator and the velocity feedforward compensator was verified in simulations and experiments using a one-axis feed drive system consisting of a rod-type linear motor and linear roller guides. The results confirmed that the proposed method enables desirable overshoot-free responses and corrects motion trajectory errors due to nonlinear friction characteristics, and the proposed velocity feedforward compensator can correct tracking errors in both constant velocity motion and circular motion.     

Sliding mode control with fuzzy adaptive perturbation compensator for 6-DOF parallel manipulator

This paper proposes a sliding mode controller with fuzzy adaptive perturbation compensator (FAPC) to get a good control performance and reduce the chatter. The proposed algorithm can reduce the chattering because the proposed fuzzy adaptive perturbation compensator compensates the perturbation terms. The compensator computes the control input for compensating unmodeled dynamic terms and disturbance by using the observer-based fuzzy adaptive network (FAN). The weighting parameters of the compensator are updated by on-line adaptive scheme in order to minimize the estimation error and the estimation velocity error of each actuator. Therefore, the combination of sliding mode control and fuzzy adaptive network gives the robust and intelligent routine to get a good control performance. To evaluate the control performance of the proposed approach, tracking control is experimentally carried out for the hydraulic motion platform which consists of a 6-DOF parallel manipulator.     

精密定位系统的摩擦力建模与补偿

为了提高由直线电机驱动的精密定位系统的定位精度,建立了优化Stribeck摩擦模型,对摩擦力这一影响定位精度的主要因素进行补偿。首先,对于传统的Stribeck摩擦模型进行优化,采用改进的最小二乘算法对模型参数进行辨识。然后,对所建立的摩擦模型补偿算法进行仿真并与扰动观测器的补偿算法进行比较,发现前者速度比后者速度在补偿后提高了4.33%,对摩擦力具有更好的补偿效果。最后,在大行程二维精密定位平台上进行验证,根据平台能够达到的最大速度定义0.005 m/s为低速运动,0.05 m/s为高速运动,在这两种速度下进行实验,并与基于库仑摩擦前馈补偿模型比较。实验结果表明：精密定位平台在速度为0.005 m/s的低速运动时,优化模型的跟随误差减小了67.67%;在速度为0.05 m/s的高速运动时,优化模型的跟随误差减小了51.63%,验证了优化Stribeck摩擦模型补偿算法的有效性。本文提出的优化Stribeck摩擦模型可用于提高由直线电机驱动的精密定位系统的定位精度。     

Dynamic Friction Control Using Dynamic Structured RFNN and Friction Parameter Estimator

A nonlinear dynamic friction control is dealt with using dynamic friction observer and intelligent control.The adaptive dynamic friction observer based on the LuGre friction is proposed to estimate the friction parameters and a directly immeasurable friction state variable.The dynamic structured Recurrent Fuzzy Neural Network(RFNN)is designed to give additional robustness to the control system under the presence of the friction model uncertainty.A proposed composite control scheme is applied to the position tracking control of the servo system.The performances of the proposed friction observer and the friction controller are demonstrated by simulation.     

新型摩擦模型的参数辨识及补偿实验研究

针对影响运动控制性能的非线性摩控因素,对一种新型摩擦模型的参数辨识及其基于摩控模型的补偿进行了实验研究,详细地给出了摩控模型参数的辨识步骤及补偿算法,实验结果表明,此辨识方案及补偿算法可以应用于工业的高精度运动控制中。     

PRACTICAL FRICTION MODELS AND FRICTION COMPENSATION IN HIGH-PRECISION ELECTRO-HYDRAULIC SERVO FORCE CONTROL SYSTEMS

Nonlinear friction is the main factor in the electro-hydraulic servo force control system. It causes steady-state and tracking errors that are difficult to eliminate during static and dynamic loading. In recent years, many studies have been done to reduce or eliminate the influence of the friction in the control system. This article discusses an electro-hydraulic servo force control system to complete simulation experiments in the laboratory. According to friction theory, the effect of friction near the zero-velocity point that appeared twice within a cycle during the test would be very obvious, which distorts the waveform and decreases the control accuracy. Due to the special purpose of the electro-hydraulic servo force control system, a practical friction compensation method has been introduced in this article. The friction static friction model, dynamic friction model, and identification methods are discussed in detail. The experimental results show that this practical friction compensation method can significantly reduce the influence of the nonlinear friction and improve control accuracy in the high-precision electro-hydraulic servo force control system.