测量磁各向异性的实验装置研究

本文介绍一种采用安培力矩补偿方法的磁各向异性测量装置原理、结构特点和工作过程。该装置可测量各向异性能为１０＾－９－１０＾－４焦耳的样品；光学方法测定法线方向，准确可靠。     

一种测量钢材残留应力的磁性各向异性方法

详细地论述了用磁性物理的方法测量残留应力的基本原理和方法.提出了利用磁性各向异性方法测量钢材残留应力.为了证明该方法的正确性,将用磁性各向异性的方法测量钢材的残留应力的数据与用应变片法测量钢材的残留应力的数据进行了比较,得到了令人满意的结果.该方法是一种全新的磁性应力测量方法,实验和理论都证明,这种磁性残留应力的测量方法具有其它方法所无法比拟的优势.它将会在工程技术上具有更加广泛的应用.     

纳米磁性液体薄膜磁光特性研究

制备出了纳米磁性液体薄膜，研究了纳米磁性液体薄膜在不同外加磁场（垂直和平行）下，其透射光学特性随着磁场变化的规律，对纳米磁性液体薄膜磁光现象产生的原因进行了解释。研究发现：（1）薄膜外加垂直磁场时，光透射强度随着磁场强度的增加而减小；（2）薄膜外加平行磁场时，垂直偏振光和平行偏振光的透射强度随着磁场强度的增加而变化规律不同；（3）存在一个临界磁场，其值约为4776A/m，当外加磁场（垂直和平行）强度＞4776A/m后，薄膜透射光强的变化规律有明显不同，这种现象是由于外加磁场使纳米磁性液体微粒产生聚集，磁场〉4776A/m后，形成有规则的排列结构所造成；（4）纳米磁性液体外加垂直磁场下透射强度的响应时间随磁场强度的变化情况。     

Al(Ga)原子择优占位对Gd2Co17化合物磁晶各向异性的影响

用磁性测量和磁取向粉末X射线衍射方法,研究了Gd2Co17-xMx(M=Al,Ga;x≤4)化合物的磁晶各向异性与Al(Ga)原子浓度的依赖关系.随着x的增加,Gd2Co17xAlx(x≥1)和Gd2Co17-xGax(x≥2)化合物的室温磁晶各向异性由易面转变为易轴;在Al、Ga原子的浓度分别为x=0.9和x=1.8附近时,室温各向异性常数K1由负变正,在x=3时达到最大值,且含Al化合物的K1最大值约为含Ga化合物的四倍.根据Al(Ga)原子在Gd2Co17化合物不同Co晶位择优占位的事实,讨论了Co亚点阵磁晶各向异性的演变结果表明,Al原子择优占据6c晶位是导致Al原子对Co亚点阵各向异性正贡献大于Ga原子的主要原因.     

各向异性的粘结钕铁硼／铁氧体永磁复合材料的磁性能

采用高性能的各向异性ＨＤＤＲ－Ｎｄ－Ｆｅ－Ｂ磁粉和铁氧分与塑料复合,制成了各向异性粘结ＮｄＦｅＢ／铁氧体复合永磁材料研究了它们的磁性能。结果表明,随ＨＤＤＲ－Ｎｄ－Ｆｅ－Ｂ含量增加,各向异性的塑料粘结ＨＤＤＲ－Ｎｄ－Ｆｅ－Ｂ／铁氧体复合永磁材料磁性能ｂＨｃ和密度几乎是线性增大,而ｊＨｃ,（ＢＨ）ｍａｘ和Ｂｃ开始都增大,当达到一定值后基本保持不变,出现一平台,随后又继续增大,但ｊＨｃ与Ｂｒ和（ＢＨ）     

砷化镓晶体力学特性的各向异性计算

砷化镓因其良好的光电特性被广泛应用于电子与半导体领域, 为推动砷化镓解理加工技术, 对砷化镓材料力学特性的各向异性进行计算并分析。本研究对砷化镓各个晶面之间的夹角、面间距、原子的密度等结构参数进行计算, 基于广义胡克定律结合压痕实验, 分析砷化镓材料表层弹性模量、泊松比、剪切模量、硬度、断裂韧性等力学特性在{100}晶面沿不同晶向力学性能的变化规律。结果表明: 砷化镓不同晶面间结构参数的不同是导致砷化镓力学特性呈现各向异性的主要原因; 砷化镓在{100}晶面上弹性模量、泊松比、剪切模量的各向异性均呈现出周期性变化, 且{100}晶面的剪切模量为恒值59.4 GPa; 砷化镓{100}晶面硬度的各向异性变化幅度较小, 断裂韧性变化幅度较大, 最小值为0.304 MPa·m^1/2, 位于<110>晶向, 确定<110>晶向是裂纹最容易扩展的晶向。     

复凝聚法制备磁性微胶囊及其磁响应特性

采用复凝聚法,以亲油改性的纳米Fe3O4为磁性颗粒,白油为分散介质,明胶、阿拉伯胶为壁材,在不同工艺条件下制备磁性微胶囊.通过激光粒度分析仪测试微胶囊的粒径及粒径分布,采用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察微胶囊的表面形貌及分散状态,借助磁铁和振动样品磁强计(VSM)测试微胶囊的磁响应性能.结果表明,反应溶液pH=3.8、芯壁比1∶1时,微胶囊收率最高;搅拌速率为600r/min时,微胶囊的粒径分布最均匀;在pH=3.8、芯壁比1∶1、搅拌速率600r/min条件下制备的微胶囊形状规整性及单分散性好,且囊壁透明、表面光滑,具有良好的磁响应性能,可应用于磁泳显示和靶向药物传输领域.     

晶粒尺寸对软-硬磁性晶粒间有效各向异性的影响

以软磁性相α—Re和硬磁性相Nd2Fe14B为例，研究了软—硬磁性晶粒间的交换耦合相互作用和有效各向异性随晶粒尺寸和软、硬磁性晶粒尺寸比(Ds：Dh)的关系，软—硬磁性晶粒间的有效各向异性常数可以用软、硬磁性相的平均各向异性常数的统计平均值表示，当晶粒尺寸大于其铁磁交换长度时，晶粒分为有、无交换耦合两部分，无交换耦合部分的各向异性常数为通常的K1，而耦合部分的各向异性常数随到晶粒表面的距离而变化，研究结果表明：软—硬磁性晶粒间的有效各向异性随晶粒尺寸的减小而下降，随着软、硬磁性晶粒尺寸比值(Ds：Dh)的减小而增加，为使软—硬磁性晶粒间的有效各向异性常数Keff保持较高的值，应控制硬磁性晶粒大于35nm，软磁性晶粒尺寸为10nm左右。     

磁组装薄膜材料的结构及磁各向异性研究

在近平行方向磁场作用下,制备出有序平行线形阵列结构的纳米Fe3O4/氟碳树脂磁组装薄膜材料。利用偏光显微镜和紫外-可见-近红外分光光度计(UVPC)研究不同场强条件以及不同粉体含量对薄膜内部阵列结构的影响;采用振动样品磁强计(VSM)研究不同条件下磁组装薄膜的磁各向异性。结果表明:随着磁场强度增加,阵列变得越来越密集,随着Fe3O4含量的增加,线形阵列逐渐变粗;磁组装薄膜具有明显的磁各向异性,且随着磁场强度增加以及粉体的减少其等效磁各向异性常数逐渐增大。     

软磁性薄膜微波磁特性的研究进展

概述了软磁性单层膜、多层膜、颗粒膜的微波磁特性研究进展,对这些薄膜的基本磁性和微波磁性进行了总结和讨论,得出软磁纳米晶薄膜可望成为应用于微波领域的主体候选材料,指出了Co(Fe)基软磁性薄膜微波特性的研究方向.     

Effects of fiber anisotropy on the microbuckling loads for a fiber composite

Effects of fiber anisotropy on the local critical buckling loads are estimated. The problem formulation deals with a transversely isotropic elastic fiber embedded in a matrix. In the solution, surface effects of the matrix are taken into account. A perfect adhesion between the fiber and the matrix is assumed. A solution procedure is proposed. Numerical results demonstrate the application of the method.     

反铁磁层厚度对垂直磁各向异性钴/铂/铁锰多层膜磁性质的影响

在室温下用超高真空磁控溅射系统制备了一系列的Pt(4.0nm)/[Co(0.5nm)/Pt(0.3nm)]3-FeMn(tAFnm)多层膜样品,研究了反铁磁层厚度对于易轴垂直于样品表面的Co/Pt/FeMn多层膜磁性质的影响。在室温下利用样品的剩磁进行了X射线磁圆二色测量(XMCD),结果表明在铁磁/反铁磁界面有反铁磁层铁锰的净磁矩,这些净磁矩仅来自于铁元素。铁的磁矩倾向于垂直于膜面排列。磁测量结果表明,随着铁锰层厚度的增加,交换偏置场HEB增加直到饱和,而HC先增加,然后轻微减少,在tAF7.5nm以后,HEB和HC都几乎不变了。没有观察到磁锻炼效应。     

碳纤维增强复合材料单向层合板直角自由切削热特性试验

为揭示碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)切削温度与切削要素之间的关系,采用直角自由切削对CFRP单向层合板进行了切削试验,并采用OMEGA-0.05mm高灵敏K型热电偶对切削温度进行测量,讨论了切削参数、刀具几何参数及材料参数对切削温度的影响。结果表明:对切削温度的影响程度由高到低的参数依次为切削速度、切削厚度、刀具后角和钝圆半径,切削参数对温度的影响效应不受纤维方向角的影响;不同于金属材料,CFRP纤维方向角对切削温度影响突出,顺纤维方向上的切削温度明显高于逆纤维方向上的,切削温度在θ=90°时达到最大值,且为θ=0°时的2倍;CFRP切削回弹对刀具后刀面与已加工表面的接触状况影响较大,从而影响切削温度,加剧了切削温度的各向异性特征,且第3变形区切削热对切削温度影响突出;CFRP切削温度范围窄,最大切削温度在300℃左右,将导致切削质量对温度变化更为敏感。     

Magnetic orientation and magnetic anisotropy in paramagnetic layered oxides containing rare-earth ions

The magnetic anisotropies and easy axes of magnetization at room temperature were determined, and the effects of rare-earth (RE) ions were clarified for RE-based cuprates, RE-doped bismuth-based cuprates and RE-doped Bi-based cobaltite regarding the grain orientation by magnetic field. The easy axis, determined from the powder orientation in a static field of 10 T, depended qualitatively on the type of RE ion for all three systems. On the other hand, the magnetization measurement of the c-axis oriented powders, aligned in static or rotating fields, revealed that the type of RE ion strongly affected not only the directions of the easy axis but also the absolute value of magnetic anisotropy, and an appropriate choice of RE ion is required to minimize the magnetic field used for grain orientation. We also studied the possibility of triaxial grain orientation in high-critical-temperature superconductors by a modulated oval magnetic field. In particular, triaxial orientation was attempted in a high-oxygen-pressure phase of orthorhombic RE-based cuprates Y₂Ba₄Cu₇O_y. Although the experiment was performed in epoxy resin, which is not practical, in-plane alignment within 3° was achieved.     

Magnetic orientation and magnetic anisotropy in paramagnetic layered oxides containing rare-earth ions

Abstract

The magnetic anisotropies and easy axes of magnetization at room temperature were determined, and the effects of rare-earth (RE) ions were clarified for RE-based cuprates, RE-doped bismuth-based cuprates and RE-doped Bi-based cobaltite regarding the grain orientation by magnetic field. The easy axis, determined from the powder orientation in a static field of 10 T, depended qualitatively on the type of RE ion for all three systems. On the other hand, the magnetization measurement of the c-axis oriented powders, aligned in static or rotating fields, revealed that the type of RE ion strongly affected not only the directions of the easy axis but also the absolute value of magnetic anisotropy, and an appropriate choice of RE ion is required to minimize the magnetic field used for grain orientation. We also studied the possibility of triaxial grain orientation in high-critical-temperature superconductors by a modulated oval magnetic field. In particular, triaxial orientation was attempted in a high-oxygen-pressure phase of orthorhombic RE-based cuprates Y₂Ba₄Cu₇O_y. Although the experiment was performed in epoxy resin, which is not practical, in-plane alignment within 3° was achieved.     

MgO/Pd底层对CoSiB/Pd多层膜垂直磁各向异性及热稳定性的影响EI北大核心CSCD

采用磁控溅射方法在玻璃基片上制备以MgO/Pd为底层的CoSiB/Pd多层膜样品,研究MgO底层厚度t对CoSiB/Pd多层膜垂直磁各向异性(perpendicular magnetic anisotropy,PMA)的影响,分析具有MgO/Pd底层的多层膜的热稳定性。通过对样品的反常霍尔效应的测试分析发现,底层中引入MgO层能够提高其PMA性能,当t为3.5 nm时,样品的矩形度最好。对最佳样品MgO(3.5 nm)/Pd(3 nm)/[CoSiB(0.5 nm)/Pd(0.8 nm)]2/Ta(2 nm)的磁滞回线进行测试,其有效磁各向异性常数K eff达到2.0×10^5 J/m^3。热稳定性分析发现,当退火温度为200℃时,样品的K eff达到最大值2.6×10^5 J/m^3;当退火温度达到400℃时,样品仍能保持良好的PMA性能。     

FeNHf软磁薄膜中磁各向异性对太赫兹波调控的研究

本文制备了具有磁各向异性的纳米FeNHf软磁薄膜,表征了FeNHf薄膜的微结构、磁性能、微波磁动力学行为和磁各向异性对太赫兹波传输特性的影响.FeNHf薄膜的难轴方向具有410的磁导率,易轴方向没有磁导率信号,磁各向异性场为2537.65 A/m.FeNHf薄膜在1.04 THz时出现了共振吸收峰,当调控磁化强度方向分...     

Sol-Gel法制备钛酸铅涂层碳纤维工艺研究

用三种不同方案制备了钛酸铅（PT）溶胶,并在碳纤维表面制备了PT溶胶涂层。测试了溶胶黏度和稳定性,对纤维涂层的物相进行了XRD分析。实验表明,加入乙酰丙酮能有效地螯合Ti^4＋和控制水解的程度,合成的溶胶宜于长期放置;增加[Ti]^4＋／[Pb]^2＋比值会使溶胶的稳定性降低;溶胶黏度与浓度有相同的增大趋势,但高浓度的溶胶不宜于涂层制备;将溶胶涂于碳纤维表面,在氮气保护下经热处理,XRD检测结果有PbTiO3相存在,可成功制得连续的阿涂层碳纤维。     

应力生长FeCoSiB非晶薄膜的磁各向异性研究

采用应力生长方法，制备出受压应力和张应力作用的FeCoSiB非晶磁弹性薄膜，研究了薄膜中的应变大小对FeCoSiB薄膜的磁滞回线、剩磁、应力诱导各向异性场等磁特性的影响．结果表明，无应变薄膜在薄膜面内呈现各向同性，而有应变的薄膜呈现出明显的各向异性。张应力诱导的各向异性与应力方向平行，而压应力形成垂直于应力方向的磁各向异性。各向异性场随应变的增大而线性增大。     

Effects of MgO and MgO/Pd seed-layers on perpendicular magnetic anisotropy of CoPd thin films

We studied the effects of MgO and MgO/Pd seed-layers on perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in co-sputtered CoPd films. CoPd films with the MgO seed-layer showed perpendicular magnetic properties that were superior to those with another after annealing. The loop squareness was unity, indicating strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, when the MgO seed-layer was thicker than 2 nm. We observed that the out-of-plane CoPd (111) texture was strongly developed, as well as the in-plane tensile stress in the CoPd films. The magnetoelastic anisotropy coming from a negative magnetostriction λ₁₁₁ under the in-plane tensile stress dominating over other anisotropies is likely responsible for creating such strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. In the case of the MgO/Pd seed-layer, the CoPd films showed mixed anisotropy having both in-plane and out-of-plane magnetic anisotropy components after annealing. The appearance of the strong (100) texture of the CoPd films with the MgO/Pd seed-layer is believed to have caused the decrease in the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy that originated from the magnetoelastic anisotropy due to the additional contribution from the positive magnetostriction λ₁₀₀ but less contribution from the negative magnetostriction λ₁₁₁ when the CoPd films are under in-plane tensile stress.