O,O-双芳基仲丁基膦酸酯的合成及其杀菌活性构效关系研究

有机磷酸酯类化合物具有良好的杀菌活性已见诸报导,而印度农业研究所最近报导的支链烷基基因能提高有机磷酸酯化合物杀菌活性还不多见。印度农业研究所从事支链烷基提高有机膦酸酯化合物杀菌活性的研究,前述报导是1988年《O,O-双芳基异丙基膦酸酯的合成、杀菌活性和定量构效关系》研究报告的续篇。当前研究课题是增加一个碳原子延长     

环烷基咪唑啉的合成及其缓蚀杀菌性能研究

以环烷酸与二乙烯三胺等有机多胺为原料,合成出不同配比的环烷基咪唑啉产品,研究了其缓蚀杀菌性能,结果显示,环烷基咪唑啉产品具有良好的缓蚀、杀菌效果,适宜于作炼油缓蚀剂、油剂杀菌防菌剂等。     

新型水质稳定杀菌剂的初步试验

为了寻找一种新型高效杀菌剂,我厂和上海化工学院共同对七种有机胺进行杀菌、聚凝、缓蚀、阻垢等筛选试验。经过试验,认为季铵盐1227(见表1)对循环水系统中出现的实际细菌有强烈的杀菌作用。当药剂作用浓度为100 ppm 时,其杀菌效率达99.9%以上。它不仅有强烈的杀菌性能,而且还具有聚凝作用。季铵盐1227作为一种新型的杀菌剂,在今后继续应用在水质稳定生产中是有一定前途的,有机胺 LE 有极为明显的聚凝性能,且又有一定的杀菌效果,也有希望在循环水系统中得到应用。试验情况简述如下:     

有机溴杀菌剂工业应用效果与评价

通过工业应用试验，表明有机溴杀菌速度快，对粘泥有较好的剥离效果，和水稳剂有良好的协同效应，费用低，投加方便，加氯的同时定投加有机溴是碱性条件下一种有效的杀生方案。     

有机磷农药

世界上生产和应用的农药有多种:有机氯、有机磷、氨基甲酸酯、有机硫、有机氮、有机汞、有机砷化合物和天然物。盛行一时的稻瘟病杀菌剂—有机汞,现在只做种子消毒剂使用,产量极小;一个相当时期内的主流杀虫剂——有机氯,因其对作物和环境的残留绝大部分禁止使用和限制使用。与此相反,有机磷农药的利用成为发展方向。作为农药的有机磷化合物大部分是磷酸酯型:P(O 或 S)(OR_1)(OR_2)(OR_3)—杀虫,杀菌;P(O 或 S)(SR_1)(OR_2)(OR_3)杀虫、杀菌;     

碘伏消毒剂杀菌效果及毒性研究

碘伏消毒剂具有很强烈的杀菌效果,同时也具有很大的毒性,我们要对碘伏消毒剂的杀菌效果和毒性进行研究就需要进行一定的实验,拳研究采用的实验方法是悬液定量杀菌实验,通过实验我们可以发现碘伏消毒剂具有很强烈的杀菌效果,对细菌繁殖体和真菌有良好的杀灭作用。     

温度、水硬度、有机干扰物对过硫酸氢钾复合粉杀菌效果影响的研究

过硫酸氢钾复合粉是一种新型的消毒剂,具有非常强大的氧化能力,因此常被应用到畜牧、水产养殖行业的杀菌消毒环节。复配后的过硫酸氢钾消毒剂,由于有氯化钠、有机酸等物质的存在,溶于水后会在水中发生氧化还原反应,生成的有杀菌能力的物质,包括次氯酸、过氧化氢等,在实验室环境下,过硫酸氢钾复合粉对金黄色葡萄球菌有着良好的杀灭能力,但是,在工厂进行消毒时各种环境因素都会对其杀菌能力产生影响,比如不同季节的温度、不同环境下的水的硬度或者消毒现场的洁净度等。本文通过对白鲨牌过硫酸氢钾复合粉在不同温度、水硬度、有机干扰物影响下的杀菌能力进行对比,得出结论,过硫酸氢钾复合粉的杀菌能力受多种因素影响。     

高稳定二溴海因水溶液制备及其消毒效果研究

以氨基磺酸为稳定剂,配制质量浓度为25. 3 g/L的二溴海因水溶液,测定了水溶液的紫外吸收光谱、稳定性和杀菌性。由实验结果可知,该水溶液在波长280 nm处有吸收峰,表明水溶液中氨基磺酸氮原子与二溴海因分子中的部分活性溴形成共价键,从而减缓活性溴的释放,增强二溴海因在水溶液中的稳定性;稳定性实验表明该水溶液具有良好的稳定性;二溴海因质量浓度为1 000 mg/L的消毒液对悬液中大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌具有优异的杀菌效果,二溴海因质量浓度为2 500 mg/L的消毒液对悬液中白色念珠菌具有优异的杀菌效果;现场消毒实验表明二溴海因消毒液对物体表面自然菌具有良好的杀菌效果。     

PS-12缓蚀杀菌剂的缓蚀性能及机理研究

研究了含有膦酰基、羧基的季铵盐缓蚀杀菌剂PS-12对45#碳钢在模拟循环冷却水中的缓蚀性能、杀菌性能及缓蚀机理。失重法和极化曲线测度结果说明：PS-12对45#碳钢具有良好的缓蚀作用,属混合型缓蚀剂。XPS分析结果表明PS-12能与Fe^2 、Ca^2 等离子螯合,生成螯合物覆盖在金属表面形成性能良好的缓蚀膜。杀菌测试说明PS-12有良好的杀菌性能。     

双季铵盐杀菌剂的合成及其杀菌性能研究

利用自制的双卤代醚与长链叔胺,合成了双季铵盐杀菌剂,并对其结构进行了红外表征,评价了其杀菌效果,并与12 2 7进行了杀菌性能的对比。实验结果表明:双季铵盐对SRB具有良好的杀菌性能,而且杀菌能力也明显优于12 2 7,在菌量较高的情况下(1.5×10 8个·mL-1)杀菌浓度仅为5 0mg·L-1,就能10 0 %杀死SRB ,是一种很有应用前景的新型杀菌剂。     

Characteristics of nitrile–butadiene rubber layered silicate nanocomposites with silane coupling agent

Nanocomposites of organophilic montmorillonite (C18‐MMT), nitrile–butadiene rubber (NBR), and a coupling agent were produced during a melt compounding process at room temperature. During the process, it was clearly observed that organo‐MMT particles were exfoliated into nanoscale layers of approximately 1–30 nm thickness, in addition to their original 40 μm thickness. These MMT layers were uniformly dispersed in the NBR matrix. The effects of a coupling agent such as 3‐(mercaptopropyl)trimethoxy silane in C18‐MMT/NBR nanocomposites were studied. The C18‐MMT/NBR nanocomposites in the presence of the coupling agent were identified and characterized by X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, a universal testing machine, thermogravimetric analysis, and IR spectroscopy. It was observed that an additional silane coupling agent, 3‐(mercaptopropyl)trimethoxy silane, enhanced the chemical interaction and was accompanied by the formation of Si? O? Si coupling bonds between C18‐MMT and the coupling agent and Si? C coupling bonds between NBR and the coupling agent. This work resulted in improved properties of organo‐MMT/NBR nanocomposites because of the nanoscale effects and strong interaction of the coupling bonds between NBR and organo‐MMT. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 2633–2640, 2003     

N-羟乙基全氟辛酰胺甲基丙烯酸酯聚合物的合成及性能研究

以全氟辛酸为起始原料合成N 羟乙基全氟辛酰胺甲基丙烯酸酯 ,再经均聚得到溶剂型的有机氟织物整理剂。均聚物对水和二碘甲烷的接触角分别为 98 4°和 80 5° ,计算得到其表面自由能为 0 0 185J/m2 。处理后的各类织物憎水性达 10～ 11级 ,憎油性达 4～ 5级     

Selective Sorption of Mercury(II) from Aqueous Solution with an Organically Modified Clay and its Electroanalytical Application

Abstract

The organo‐clay used in this work was prepared from a Na‐montmorillonite (Wyoming‐USA deposit) by treatment with water solution of hexadecyltrimethylammonium cations. As organo‐clays exhibit strong sorptive capabilities for organic molecules, 2‐mercapto‐5‐amino‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole organofunctional groups, with potential usefulness in chemical analysis, were incorporated on its solid surface. The physically adsorbed reagent did not present any restrictions in coordinating with several metal ions on the surface. The resultant organo‐clay complex exhibited strong sorptive capability for removing mercury ions from water in which other metals and ions were also present. The purpose of this work is to study the selective separation of mercury(II) from aqueous solution using the organo‐clay complex, measured by batch and chromatographic column techniques, and its application as preconcentration agent in a chemically modified carbon paste electrode for determination of mercury(II) in aqueous solution.     

膨润土增稠流变剂的特性与应用

膨润土增稠流变剂具有流变性能稳定、适用范围广、价格低廉等特点。阐述丁该类流变剂的结构、特性及其作用机理。介绍了有机膨润土在溶剂型漆和乳胶漆中的使用方法及应用实例。     

有机硅隔离剂的进展

概述了压敏胶带工业常用隔离剂的主要品种,隔离剂的作用原理,已有的有机硅隔离剂的概况,以及作者研制、开发的关于硅丙乳液隔离剂和UV固化硅丙无溶剂隔离剂的研究概况。     

有机酸钾盐对气溶胶发生剂的消焰降温作用研究

研究了有机酸钾盐对于一种烟火型气溶胶发生剂 (EBM灭火剂 )的消焰降温作用 ,对比分析了不同有机酸钾盐在不同添加量时的改性效果     

有机粘土吸附处理水中苯酚的性能及应用

分别用溴化十六烷基三甲铵（ＣＴＭＡＢ）、氯化十六烷基吡啶（ＣＰＣ）和氯化十四烷基吡啶（ＴＰＣ）改性膨润土、沸石和硅藻土；探讨了制备有机粘土的适宜条件；研究了粘土类型、表面活性制种类及其浓度对有机粘土吸附处理水中苯酚性能的影响。结果表明，有机粘土吸附处理苯酚的性能较钉适应的的土好得多。通过Ｘ－衍射分析等手段探讨了有机粘土的结构及其吸附处理。     

EP树脂/Mt纳米复合材料的制备与性能研究

以双酚Ａ型环氧（ＥＰ０树脂为基体,有机胺处理蒙脱土（Ｍｔ）为增强剂,制备了ＥＰ树脂／Ｍｔ纳米复合材料。通过热重分析、Ｘ射线衍射、透射电子显微镜等方法对纳米复合材料的制备条件进行了优化,对聚合物基纳米复合材料的结构、力学性能、热性能进行了表征。     

The effect of clay type and of clay–masterbatch product in the preparation of polypropylene/clay nanocomposites

Clay containing polypropylene (PP) nanocomposites were prepared by direct melt mixing in a twin screw extruder using different types of organo‐modified montmorillonite (Cloisite 15 and Cloisite 20) and two masterbatch products, one based on pre‐exfoliated clays (Nanofil SE 3000) and another one based on clay–polyolefin resin (Nanomax‐PP). Maleic anhydride‐grafted polypropylene (PP‐g‐MA) was used as a coupling agent to improve the dispersability of organo‐modified clays. The effect of clay type and clay–masterbatch product on the clay exfoliation and nanocomposite properties was investigated. The effect of PP‐g‐MA concentration was also considered. Composite morphologies were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEG‐SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The degree of dispersion of organo‐modified clay increased with the PP‐g‐MA content. The thermal and mechanical properties were not affected by organo‐modified clay type, although the masterbatch products did have a significant influence on thermal and mechanical properties of nanocomposites. Intercalation/exfoliation was not achieved in the Nanofil SE 3000 composite. This masterbatch product has intercalants, whose initial decomposition temperature is lower than the processing temperature (T ～ 180°C), indicating that their stability decreased during the process. The Nanomax‐PP composite showed higher thermal and flexural properties than pure PP. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

Synthesis and oil absorption of poly(butylmethacrylate)/organo‐attapulgite nanocomposite by suspended emulsion polymerization

A series of polybutylmethacrylate/organo‐attapulgite (PBMA/organo‐APT) nanocomposites were prepared by suspended emulsion polymerization using ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as a crosslinker, and organo‐APT treated by different quaternary ammonium salt (C12, C16, and C18) as an inorganic component. The nanocomposites were characterized by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), showing that organo‐APT participated in polymerization by which a nanocomposite structure was formed. The effects of crosslinker and organo‐APT with different alkyl chain length on oil absorbency were investigated. The swelling kinetics in toluene, chloroform and gasoline were also systematically studied. The results reveal that introducing organo‐APT with moderate hydrophobic‐chain length into the PBMA polymeric network can improve oil absorption capability and swelling rate. POLYM. COMPOS., 2013 © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers