防火阀耐火试验装置研究

一、研究背景防火阀、排烟防火阀的试验项目包括五项 :温感器动作性能试验 ;关闭可靠性能试验 ;盐雾试验 ;漏风量试验 ;耐火试验。本课题研究主要是针对后两项试验进行的。(一 )防火阀、排烟防火阀的概念防火阀是指安装在通风、空调系统的送、回风管路上 ,平时呈开启状态 ,火灾时当管道内气体温度达到70℃时自动关闭 ,在一定时间内能满足耐火稳定性和耐火完整性要求 ,起隔烟阻火作用的阀门。排烟防火阀是指安装在排烟系统管道上 ,平时呈开启状态 ,火灾时当管道内气体温度达到 2 80℃时自动关闭 ,在一定时间内能满足耐火稳定性和耐火完整性要…     

防火阀气密性能探讨

本文为防、排烟阀门性能试验研究报告之二。着重述及防火阀气密性能的技术要求、评价标准以及试验方法,并列出部分样机的试验结果,得到该类阀门的气密性能特性曲线,供有关科研、设计和生产单位参考,     

(排烟)防火阀易熔合金的研制

温度熔断器是(排烟)防火阀中的重要部件之一,而其中的易熔片又是熔断器的关键元件.本试验研制的高温、低温两种易熔合金,焊接性能良好,在2 kg弹簧压力下,分别于70℃和280℃熔断,完全符合(排烟)防火阀的标准要求.     

防火阀温感性能探讨

本文为防排烟阀门性能试验研究报告之一.文章分析了目前国内产品在温感性能方面存在的一些问题,提出了改进的途径,并着重阐述了防火阀温感性能评价标准、试验方法以及部分样机的试验结果等。     

防火阀易熔合金的研制

防火阀易熔合金的研制重庆建筑大学严治军防火阀是防排烟设施中的重要设备。设置于通风空调管道内的防火阀，当气流温度达到７０℃时关闭，以阻止火灾初期烟气沿风道扩散；设置于防排烟管路上的防火阀，当烟气温度达到２８０℃时关闭，停止排烟，以阻止火势沿排烟管道蔓延...     

对防火阀试验方法及排烟防火阀试验方法的一点看法

GB15930-1995防火阀试验方法中规定以下五项试验。a.温感器试验,b.关闭可靠性试验,c.盐雾试验,d.环境温度下的漏风量试验,e.耐火试验1.温感器试验。该试验中5.1.2.1条不动作试验,即将温感器的感温元件完全浸入水中65±10.5℃,该水温保持恒温5min内温感元件不动作。5.1.2.2条动作试验,将上述试验用的温感器自然冷却至常温,然后将水继续加热到73±0.5℃保持恒温,温感器的感温元件放进去,在1min内动作为合格。2.关闭可靠性试验。将阀门固定在试验台上,做250次关闭试验,没有明显变形、磨损等损失,为合格,见5.2.1及5.2.2条。3.盐雾试验。试验时,…     

防火阀试验装置的研究

防火阀试验装置的研究防火阀试验装置是测定防火阀、排烟防火阀的温感器动作性能、关闭可靠性能、耐腐蚀性能、环境温度下的漏风量以及耐火性能的专用试验装置。该装置由公安部天津消防科研所依据国际标准ＩＳＯ／ＤＰ１０２９４和国家标准《防火阀试验方法》设计研制成功...     

对防火阀、排烟防火阀设置的思考

整理比较GB 51251-2017《建筑防烟排烟系统技术标准》、GB 50016-2014《建筑设计防火规范》(2018年版)、GB 50116-2013《火灾自动报警系统设计规范》、GB 51348-2019《民用建筑电气设计标准》对暖通专业各类防火阀、排烟防火阀、排烟阀等的相关规定,分析各类阀的类别、作用、设置位置...     

通风空调系统中防火阀电气联控问题的探讨

0　引言在通风空调系统的送回风管道上设置防火阀 ,是为了防止火灾发生时空气导入助燃 ,防止火势或烟气通过风管蔓延烧毁通风空调设备。文献 [1 ]提及了防火阀的电气联控 ,其联控方式为防火阀易熔片熔断 ( 70℃ ) ,发出连锁信号 ,通风或空调风机关闭。《采暖通风与空气调节设计规范》(ＧＢＪ 1 9-87)没有规定防火阀要电气联控 ,设计时是否要做电气联控 ?哪些地方的防火阀要做电气联控呢 ?本文就这些问题作如下讨论。1　防火阀的电气联控文献 [2 ]中将机械防排烟及通风空调系统防火控制程序按“不设消防控制室”和“设消防控制室”分为两种情…     

上海大华新型钎焊材料厂

该厂原系上海大华焊材研究所 ,是上海研制温感易熔合金材料最早的单位之一。十多年来 ,该厂开发、生产的 5 5℃～ 2 80℃温感易熔合金、易熔片 (管 )系列 ,专用于消防产品如防火阀、排烟防火阀、排烟风口、排烟专用风机、易熔合金洒水喷头、隐蔽型自动洒水喷头、防火门窗、防火卷帘卷闸及发电机组变压器、温控阀门、警报器、家用电器等的热敏元件和温感安全保险装置。 70℃、2 80℃易熔片 (管 )于 1996年、2 0 0 0年二度经“国家固定灭火系统和耐火构件质量监督检验中心”检验 ,均符合国家标准 GB15 930 - 1995、GB15 931- 1995的要求。 5…     

高层民用建筑防火阀的选定

介绍了地下车库通风系统、需设气体灭火装置房间的通风系统、加压送风及走廊排烟系统、空调系统防火阀的选定。     

防火阀的改进与易熔合金的研制

针对防排烟阀普普遍存在的易熔片易脱落等问题，提出了改进的温度熔断器结构和按熔断温度要求配制易熔合金的新方法、新工艺。据此所开发出的新型防火阀，排烟阀系列产品已通过鉴定，并已投入批量生产。     

异型铅阻尼器的试验研究

为了满足三维隔震装置对阻尼的需要,设计了一种新型的异型铅阻尼器。该阻尼器的最大特点,是能够同时提供水平和竖向阻尼。通过水平剪切和竖向拉压试验,研究了异型铅阻尼器在不同振幅、不同频率组合下的力学性能。试验研究表明,异型铅阻尼器水平向和竖向的滞回曲线比较丰满、耗能效率高、工作性能稳定,可以作为建筑及桥梁结构风振和抗震控制的消能装置。     

Derivation of airflow characteristics for back-draft dampers

In an effort to improve building energy and indoor air quality models, relations to describe the airflow characteristics of back-draft dampers were determined. In particular, two equations were developed to represent the relationship between pressure drop and airflow rate for one-blade and multi-blade back-draft dampers. The equation for multi-blade dampers was validated by comparing the predicted results with available Air Movement and Control Association (AMCA) 500-D test data. The results showed that these two equations can be used to model the airflow characteristics of back-draft dampers.     

黏弹性阻尼器在结构抗震控制中的应用

首先介绍了传统抗震理论和结构震动理论以及黏弹性阻尼器在结构的耗能减震中的应用。之后对黏弹性阻尼器的力学模型进行分析介绍,指出积分型本构关系的黏弹性阻尼器在应用中有更大灵活性。最后通过计算机模拟计算出有黏弹性阻尼器的建筑结构受到地震激励时的瞬态和稳态位移概率分布,说明黏弹性阻尼器对于地震时结构的瞬态位移响应和稳态位移响应均具有良好的减震效果,并且不同材料的黏弹性阻尼器对于在地震作用下建筑结构的瞬态或稳态位移响应有不同的减振效果。     

Finding optimal parameters of tuned mass dampers

In this paper, optimum design of tuned mass damper for seismically excited structures is discussed. In the design process, a benchmark multi‐degree of freedom system is considered, and the performance measure of the optimization criterion is selected as the H₂ and H_∞ norms of the transfer function of the combined tuned mass damper and building system. Differential evolution algorithm is then utilized to minimize these objective functions. The objective function choice on performance and the effectiveness of differential evolution optimization algorithm in comparison with other algorithms in the literature are investigated through numerical simulations. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Particle swarm optimization of tuned mass dampers

Tuned mass dampers (TMD) have been widely used to attenuate undesirable vibrations in engineering. Most optimization problems of TMD are solved by either numerical iteration technique or conventional mathematical methods that require substantial gradient information. The selection of the starting values is very important to ensure convergence. In this paper, we use a novel evolutionary algorithm of particle swarm optimization (PSO) for optimization of the required parameters of a TMD. Optimum parameters of the TMD system attached to a viscously damped single degree-of-freedom main system are obtained by minimizing some response quantities, for examples, the mean square displacement responses and displacement amplitude of the main system under various combinations of different kinds of excitations. The excitations considered include external force and base acceleration modeled as Gaussian white-noise random processes. Harmonic base acceleration with frequency invariant amplitude is also considered. The PSO can be used to find the optimum mass ratio, damper damping and tuning frequency of the TMD system and can be easily programmed for practical engineering applications. Explicit expressions of the optimum TMD parameters are given for engineering designers.     

Fatigue analyses of buildings with viscoelastic dampers

Viscoelastic damping devices are effective in mitigating the buffeting response of medium- to high-rise buildings. Their use has the effect of limiting displacements and accelerations, as well as of reducing number and amplitude of fatigue cycles. The structural behaviour, however, is somehow modified, and a standard Kelvin-Voigt model proves to be inaccurate in predicting the dynamic response. For an accurate analysis, in fact, a model able to account for the viscoelastic memory is needed. In this paper, the problem of estimating the fatigue life of structural components of tall buildings provided with viscoelastic dampers is dealt with. A dynamic model of the building in the modal space is established, able to account for the viscoelastic memory, as opposed to the classical modal strain energy method. A cycle counting procedure is then summarised, based on the separation of the dynamic response of the building into a quasi-static and a resonant part. The fatigue life is then evaluated using the well-known Palmgren-Miner rule. An application to a 15-storey building is included, aimed at quantifying the inaccuracies arising when the memory effect is neglected.