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本文采用熔盐电脱氧的方法,在NaCl-CaCl_2熔盐中,以镁橄榄石为原料,制备适于锂离子电池负极材料的镁硅合金。以压制的镁橄榄石片为阴极,石墨为阳极,研究不同烧结温度、电解温度和电解时间对镁硅合金的影响,得到了较佳的电解参数:在20 MPa下压制,900℃烧结6 h制得的阴极片,在600℃下恒电位3.10 V电解72 h,可以得到含有Mg2Si相的镁硅合金。 相似文献
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熔盐电解二氧化锰制备锰新工艺研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
提出了以二氧化锰为原料经一步熔盐电解得到锰新工艺,具有工艺流程短、低能耗、无环境污染等特点.采用850°C的NaCI-CaC12混合熔盐体系,以烧结后的MnO2片作为阴极,高密度石墨碳棒作阳极,在工作电压(2.8-3.2 V)下进行电解.研究了不同的烧结温度、电解电压和电解时间等因素对阴极片形貌及其对电脱氧反应的影响,结果表明采用熔盐电解MnO2粉末直接制备金属Mn的最佳的工艺条件为:MnO2粉末在20 MPa下压片,1 000°C烧结5 h后,在850°C的NaC1-CaC12混合熔盐中加3.0 v的工作电压电解13 h. 相似文献
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采用FFC剑桥工艺以NiO粉末或NiO-La2O3(Ni:La=5:1)粉末为原料经一步熔盐电解成功制备了金属Ni和LaNi5合金.将模压成型的NiO或NiO-La2O3片烧结后作为阴极,高密度石墨棒作为阳极,在CaCl2-NaCl混合熔盐中进行电解.研究了成型压力、烧结温度、槽电压和电解时间等对制备LaNi5合金的影响.得到熔盐电解制备LaNi5的适宜条件为NiO-La2O3粉末在30MPa下模压成型,850℃烧结5h后,在850℃的CaCl2-NaCl熔盐中,3.1V槽电压下电解36 h.探讨了制备LaNi5的反应机理.估算在适宜的工艺条件下电解NiO-La2O3制备LaNi5的电流效率为7.65%,电能消耗为26678.1 kW·h/t-LaNi5. 相似文献
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The electrochemical reduction process for spent oxide fuel is operated in a molten salt bath and adopts an integrated cathode in which the oxides to be reduced act as a reactive cathode in the molten salt electrolyte cell. Heat-generating radioisotopes in the spent oxide fuel such as cesium and strontium are dissolved in the molten salt and diffuse from the integrated cathode. However, the behavior of the dissolved cations has not been clarified under an electrochemical reduction condition. In this work, the reduction potentials of cesium, strontium, and barium were measured in a molten LiCl-3 wt% Li2O salt and their mass transfer behavior was compared with two current conditions on the cell. The concentration changes of the cations in the molten salt phase were measured and no significant differences on the dissolution behavior were found with respect to the current. However, under a continued current condition, the removal of the high heat-generating elements requires more time than the complete reduction of metal oxide due to the slow rate of diffusion. 相似文献
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电解精炼是乏燃料干法后处理工艺中的关键环节。针对氯化锂-氯化钾(LiCl-KCl)熔盐环境中的电解精炼行为,基于电极表面处的反应过程建立了动力学模型。通过与现有实验数据的比较验证了模型的有效性。通过该模型,可以预测电解精炼过程中液镉阳极中乏燃料的溶解和阴极处金属沉积的动力学特征,以及所涉及元素的分电流、电极电位和熔盐中离子浓度的演变。除此之外,该模型还能模拟多元素复杂体系电解精炼的过程。当使用锆、铀、钚及稀土作为阳极时,模拟结果显示在阳极处锕系元素和稀土元素随时间逐渐溶解,而惰性金属几乎不溶解。在熔盐中,钚的浓度逐渐增加而铀的浓度逐渐减少,当钚开始在固体阴极发生沉积后,铀的沉积速率减小,而稀土元素和锆在阴极的沉积量极少。 相似文献
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针对难熔金属传统冶金流程长、能耗高和污染重的问题,介绍了以难熔金属含氧酸盐(如CaTiO3, NaVO3, Na2CrO4等)中间体直接熔盐电解(液态阴极)制取合金的短流程新过程。以熔点低、可溶、可电离的难熔金属含氧酸盐为电解反应物直接实现难熔金属的合金化,构建冶金?材料一体化的熔盐电解新体系,是缩短流程和实现冶金资源“快速成材”的创新路径。新过程弃用污染性工艺,环境友好,符合高效绿色冶金原则,有潜力成为一种普适性新方法。 相似文献
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采用循环伏安法研究了锂电解过程中杂质元素的电化学行为。电解过程中杂质元素镁将优先于锂在阴极析出, 然后是金属锂的欠电位沉积形成镁锂合金, 最后才是金属锂的析出, Mg 2+的还原电极过程受扩散控制, 扩散系数为1.44×10 -5 cm 2/s;微量的Ca 2+即发生钙锂共沉积;在含少量氯化钠的熔盐体系中, 杂质元素钠被锂还原并形成合金, 随着电解质体系中氯化钠含量的增加, 金属锂中的钠含量有较大的增加;杂质元素铁优先于锂在阴极析出, 在阴极被还原成海绵铁使阴极钝化, 引起熔盐体系锂的析出电流急剧降低, Fe 3+的还原电极过程受扩散控制, 扩散系数为3.14×10 -5 cm 2/s。 相似文献
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为开发环境友好型铋提取技术,在700℃下采用循环伏安、方波伏安和计时电位等方法研究了NaCl?KCl熔盐体系中Bi(III)在玻碳电极上的电化学行为。在–0.3 V (vs. Ag/AgCl)电位下以玻碳电极为工作电极对NaCl?KCl?BiCl3进行恒电位电解。结果表明,Bi(III)在NaCl?KCl熔盐体系中的还原反应是一步得到3个电子的准可逆反应Bi3++3e?=Bi,起始还原电位为0.05 V (vs. Ag/AgCl),该反应受扩散控制。Berzins-Delahay方程和Sand方程计算的700℃下Bi(III)在熔盐中的扩散系数分别为0.83×10–5和1.0×10–5 cm2/s。阴极产物为致密纯金属Bi,不含杂质。 相似文献
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低共熔混合锂盐合成Co和Al共掺杂的LiNiO2 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在空气中,采用低共熔混合物L iNO3-L iOH为锂盐,制备了Co和A l共掺杂锂离子电池正极材料L iN i0.8Co0.15A l0.05O2。XRD分析表明,制得的正极材料具有完整的层状结构。电性能测试表明:在0.5 mA/cm2的放电电流密度和2.7—4.2 V的电压范围内,L iN i0.8Co0.15A l0.05O2首次放电比容量达147.6 mA.h/g,库仑效率达84.3%,第20次的放电比容量为133.8 mA.h/g。该合成新工艺,能制备出电化学性能良好的Co和A l共掺杂的L iN iO2正极材料。 相似文献
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The use of soluble cathode materials in molten nitrate electrolyte thermal battery cells presents several problems related to cathode material diffusion into the anolyte. A chemical reduction of the soluble cathode material by molten lithium anodes is observed to degrade cell performance. Factors affecting cell lifetime were found to include discharge rate and temperature, cell thickness, activation into load versus open circuit and the presence or absence of a Cl– rich separator layer. 相似文献
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Jeoung Hyeong-Jun Kim Youngjae Lee Tae-Hyuk Lee Jin-Young Kim Young Min Yi Kyung-Woo Kang Jungshin 《Journal of Applied Electrochemistry》2022,52(10):1535-1549
Journal of Applied Electrochemistry - An environmentally friendly and effective molten salt electrolysis process using a copper (Cu) cathode was developed for producing magnesium (Mg) metal from... 相似文献
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Reyna Famila Descallar-Arriesgado Naoto Kobayashi Tatsuya Kikuchi Ryosuke O. Suzuki 《Electrochimica acta》2011,(24):8422
Metallic nickel powders with low and uniform residual oxygen content were produced from NiO using the molten salt electrolysis of CaO in CaCl2 melt. Suitable amount of CaO for the reduction was in the range of 0.5–3.0 mol% CaO.The electrical isolation of NiO from both electrodes could produce metallic Ni in CaCl2 melt. Separating the metal oxides from the cathode confirmed the mechanism of calciothermic reduction that the electrolysis of dissolved CaO in CaCl2 melt produces Ca, and that the dissolved Ca in molten CaCl2 successfully reduces NiO to metallic Ni. An average of about 600 ppm oxygen in Ni sample was achieved directly from oxide, when NiO was detached from the cathode. 相似文献