1064nm泵浦掺氧化镁周期极化铌酸锂晶体(PPMgLN)光学参量产生器的研究

本文利用二极管泵浦的声光调Q Nd:YAG激光器输出的1064nm准连续激光为泵浦源,利用掺氧化镁周期极化铌酸锂晶体(PPMgLN)为工作物质,实现了温度调谐准相位匹配参量光的输出。输出参量光功率稳定,调谐范围宽。当晶体温度从40℃到180℃变化时,输出信号光的波长调谐范围为1.567-1.673μm,相应的空闲光的调谐范围为2.923-3.315μm。当输入1064nm平均功率为1.017W时,输出信号光功率为185mW,相应的空闲光功率为106mW,总功率为291mW。     

宽调谐高效率声光调Q Nd∶YVO4/PPMgLN光学参量产生器

利用声光调Q的Nd∶YVO4激光器作为泵浦源,在室温下,实现了PPMgLN晶体准相位匹配光参量输出。光参量阈值仅为0.5 W(20 kHz,75 ns);在泵浦光2.25 W(20 kHz,52 ns),PPMgLN极化周期31.4μm时,获得了426.1 mW 3.03μm中红外脉冲激光输出;同时获得646.7 mW1.64μm信号光输出,总光光转化效率达到47.6%。并且通过改变晶体的极化周期,实现了闲频光3.03～4.49μm,信号光1.40～1.64μm宽带可调谐输出。     

高效率宽调谐扇形MgO:PPLN中红外光参量振荡器

3～5μm的中红外激光位于大气窗口，在环境监测、军事、医疗、遥感等诸多领域有着重要的应用。利用纳秒量级的1 064 nm调Q激光器泵浦扇形掺氧化镁周期极化铌酸锂(MgO:PPLN)，设计了一种高效率、宽调谐纳秒中红外激光输出光学参量振荡器(Optical parametric oscillator, OPO)。通过降低泵浦光的重频，有效地减小了OPO的振荡阈值，在10 kHz的泵浦重频下，OPO阈值为0.4 W。在泵浦功率为4.68 W，晶体极化周期为30.47μm的条件下，获得了0.833 W的3.4μm中红外激光输出，对应的光光转换效率为17.8%。实验研究了不同极化周期下的输出波长，实验结果与理论模拟值较为吻合。通过横向移动MgO:PPLN晶体改变其极化周期，在31.05～28.8μm的调节范围内获得了1 440.7～1607.0 nm的信号光及3 171.1～4 088.1 nm的闲频光输出，其中信号光的脉宽约为8.1 ns。     

1064nm泵浦温度调谐PPLN光学参量振荡器

对脉冲泵浦的温度可调准相位匹配(QPM)光学参量振荡器(OPO)进行了研究.LD泵浦的声光调Q Nd:YAG激光器输出的1064nm脉冲激光做泵浦源,极化周期为30.7μm的单周期PPLN做光学参量振荡器的参量晶体,通过控制参量晶体的温度可以得到信号光的波长调谐输出.在LD电流17A得到信号光的平均功率最大为230mW,转化效率达13%.     

W级中红外宽调谐光学参量振荡器的研究

报道了一个低阈值、宽调谐、中红外单谐振掺MgO的周期性极化LiNbO3(PPMgLN)晶体光学参量振荡器(OPO)。利用声光调Q的Nd:YVO4激光器作为泵浦源,采用外腔结构,在室温下实现了PPMgLN晶体的准相位匹配(QPM)OPO。OPO阈值仅为0.4 W(重复频率40 kHz,单脉冲能量10μJ,脉宽160 ns);在泵浦光为6.6W(重复频率40 kHz,脉冲能量165μJ,脉宽65 ns)、PPMgLN周期为30μm时,获得了1.13 W的3.61μm中红外脉冲激光输出,光-光转化效率达到17.1%,同时获得了880 mW的1.51μm信号光输出,并且通过改变晶体的周期,实现了闲频光3.13～4.19μm中红外宽带可调谐激光输出。重点讨论了闲频光的功率、调谐和脉冲特性以及功率稳定性问题。     

一种脉冲宽调谐BBO光参量振荡器的实验研究

使用Nd：YAG激光器的倍频(0．532μm)光泵浦BBO晶体光参量振荡器，使用一组腔片，获得0．7～2．1μm可调谐激光输出，并对实验结果进行了分析。     

利用MgO-PPLN实现同步泵浦的飞秒光参量振荡器

介绍了由锁模钛宝石激光器同步泵浦的飞秒光参量振荡器,所用的非线性晶体为掺氧化镁的周期极化铌酸锂晶体(MgO-PPLN).通过改变泵浦光的中心波长和OPO腔长,信号光的调谐范围为1.1～1.3μm.当泵浦激光的功率为900 mW时,在1 225 nm处获得最大的输出信号光功率为130 mW,对应着22.1%的光子转换效率.利用强度自相关的方法测得信号光的脉冲宽度为167 fs.     

周期极化掺镁铌酸锂晶体光参变产生研究

为了获得1.5μm波段可调谐红外光输出,采用短脉冲电场极化法,在1mm厚的掺镁(摩尔分数为0.05)铌酸锂晶体上成功制备了周期为29μm的极化光栅。利用声光调QNd:YVO4固体激光器直接抽运PPMgLN晶体,开展了OPG光学转换研究工作。在输入3W的抽运光时,得到信号光输出功率为44mW,转换效率1.5%。并通过调谐晶体温度(45℃~160℃),获得了调谐范围1.4538μm~1.4750μm的信号光输出。实现了可调谐红外光的输出,验证了晶体周期结构的均匀性。     

基于单谐振光参量振荡器产生可调谐中红外双频激光的研究

采用1 064 nm双频连续激光泵浦基于周期极化铌酸锂晶体的单谐振光参量振荡器实现了双频中红外激光输出,通过调节晶体的温度和极化周期,实现了输出波长在3～3. 8μm范围可调谐.双频中红外激光的拍频与泵浦光拍频相同,调谐范围为125～175 MHz.在泵浦光功率为6. 9 W,晶体极化周期30μm,晶体温度75℃时实现了1. 25W的双频中红外激光输出,泵浦光-闲频光的最高转换效率为18. 2%.通过调节双频激光的功率比,可以改变输出中红外双频激光的调制深度.     

中红外宽调谐连续Nd:YVO4 /PPMgLN光学参量振荡器研究

采用连续Nd:YVO₄激光器作为泵浦源,在室温下实现了PPMgLN晶体准相位匹配,获得了连续内腔光学参量振荡。获得的光参量阈值仅为3W（808nm）;在泵浦光功率为5 W、PPMgLN极化周期为31.5μm时,获得了365 mW、2.95μm的中红外连续激光输出和312 mW、1.66μm信号光输出,总光光转换效率达到13.3%。通过改变晶体周期,实现了2.95～4.16μm闲频光和1.43～1.66μm信号光的宽带可调谐输出。此连续中红外光参量振荡器结构简单紧凑,效率高,将是未来产生3～5μm中红外激光光源的重要方法之一。     

聚对苯撑苯并双(口恶)唑发光及其器件制备

采用光谱技术,研究了聚对苯撑苯并双(口恶)唑(PBO)溶液的光敏发光特性,并用相对法估算出溶液发光效率在50%范围.结合光谱技术、半导体电学和电化学等研究手段,具体研究了以PBO为发光层的单层电致发光器件,研究结果显示,电致发光与薄膜的光致发光有具有相同的发光中心,峰值位于510 nm左右.同时发现,由于存制备过程中不同处理条件使得不同厚度薄膜残留的掺杂物质浓度不同,从而引起薄膜的导电性的不同.使得器件的阈值场强随PBO厚度的减小而逐渐增加.     

系统级封装新型埋入式电源滤波结构的研究

在高密度小尺寸的系统级封装(SiP)中,对供电系统的完整性要求越来越高,多芯片共用一个电源网路所产生的电压抖动除了会影响到芯片的正常工作,还会通过供电网路干扰到临近电路和其他敏感电路,导致芯片误动作,以及信号完整性和其他电磁干扰问题.这种电压抖动所占频带相当宽,几百MHz到几个GHz的中频电源噪声普通方法很难去除.结合埋入式电容和电源分割方法的特点,提出一种新型高性能埋入式电源低通滤波结构直接替代电源/地平面.研究表明,在0.65～4GHz的频带内隔离深度可达-40～75 dB,电源阻抗均在0.25ohm以下,实现了宽频高隔离度的高性能滤波作用.分别用电磁场和广义传输线两种仿真器模拟,高频等效电路模型分析这种低通滤波器的工作原理以及结构对隔离性能的影响,并进行了实验验证.     

Emerging interconnects: a state-of-the-art review and emerging solutions

Aluminium was a primary material for interconnection in integrated circuits (ICs) since their inception. Later, copper was introduced as interconnect material which has better metallic conductivity and resistance to electromigration. As the aggressive technology scaling continues, the copper resistivity increased because of size effects, which causes increase in delay, power dissipation and electromigration. The need to reduce the resistor-capacitor??????? delay, dynamic power utilisation and the crosstalk commotion is as of now the fundamental main impetus behind the presentation of new materials. The purpose of this paper is to do a survey of interconnect material used in IC from introduction of ICs to till date. This paper studies and reviews new materials available for interconnect application which are optical interconnects, carbon nanotube (CNT), graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) and silicon nanowires which are alternatives to copper. While doing a survey of interconnect material, it is found that multiwalled CNTs, multilayer GNR and mixed CNT bundles are promising candidates and are ultimate choice that can strongly address the problems faced by copper but on integration basis copper would last for coming years.     

Arsenic deposition as a precursor layer on silicon (211) and (311) surfaces

We investigate the properties of arsenic (As) covered Si(211) and Si(311) surfaces by analyzing data from x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) images. We then create a model using total surface energy calculations. It was found that both Si(211) and Si(311) had 0.68±0.08 surface As coverage. Si(211) had 0.28±0.04 Te coverage and Si(311) had 0.24±0.04 Te coverage. The Si(211) surface replaces the terrace and trench Si atoms with As for a lower surface energy, while the Si edge atoms form dimers. The Si(311) surface replaces all terrace atoms and adsorbs an As dimer every other edge site. These configurations imply an improvement in the mean migration path from the bare silicon surface by allowing the impinging atoms for the next epitaxial layer, tellurium (Te), to bind at every other pair of edge atoms, and not the step terrace sites. This would ensure a nonpolar, B-face growth.     

光子晶体微腔发光二极管

光子晶体微腔因其具有增强自发辐射、定向输出和单模工作的能力而受到广泛关注。介绍了光子晶体微腔发光二极管的基本原理、设计、特性、制作及其典型器件。     

Comparative study of maximum power point tracking techniques for hybrid renewable energy system

The power generation demand is increasing day-by-day throughout the world, therefore, the use of hybrid systems becomes a significant solution. The hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) is used for delivering power in various regions in order to overcome intermittence of wind and solar resources. Because of increasing environmental problems, for example, greenhouse gas emission and energy cost have interested novel research into substitute methods in favour of electrical power generation. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control method is a vast deal of novel research used for enhancing the efficiency of HRES. The authors have revealed that the hybrid techniques i.e. Global MPPT, fuzzy-neuro systems, Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), Perturbed and Observe (P&O) + Adaptive Neural Network (ANN) etc. can provide best results as compared to other MPPT control methods. This paper offering a state of art review of MPPT control techniques for HRES.     

用于单光子TOF测量的时间-幅度变换器

基于新型共源共栅电流源的积分方法,设计了一种用于单光子飞行时间(TOF)测量的时间-幅度变换器(TAC).该方法有效简化了 TAC电路结构,减小了 TAC占用面积,显著提高了TOF的满量程范围(FSR).采用0.18 μm标准CMOS工艺设计.集成TAC的单光子探测器像素单元的填充因子可达到26.8％.后仿真结果表明,...     

超宽带脉冲信号的光学生成方法研究

近年来超宽带(UWB)通信技术迅猛发展,在测量、雷达技术、民用和军事无线通信中有着重要的应用,UWB-over-fiber技术已经成为目前研究的热点,其中就包括UWB脉冲信号的产生方法。区别于传统的电子学方法,光子学产生方法不受电子瓶颈制约,可以实现很高的带宽,并且具有抗电磁干扰、重量轻、结构紧凑的优点。通过对比国内外本领域研究成果,讨论及总结了以下三种原理的UWB脉冲信号的光学生成方法:1)相位调制-强度调制转换(PM-IM);2)半导体光放大器(SOA)的非线性效应;3)频谱塑形和色散所致频域-时域映射,然后对各种方案进行了对比分析。     

Joint estimation of TOA and DOA in IR-UWB system using a successive propagator method

Impulse radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) ranging and positioning require accurate estimation of time-of-arrival (TOA) and direction-of-arrival (DOA). With receiver of two antennas, both of the TOA and DOA parameters can be estimated via two-dimensional (2D) propagator method (PM), in which the 2D spectral peak searching, however, renders much higher computational complexity. This paper proposes a successive PM algorithm for joint TOA and DOA estimation in IR-UWB system to avoid 2D spectral peak searching. The proposed algorithm firstly gets the initial TOA estimates in the two antennas from the propagation matrix, then utilises successively one-dimensional (1D) local searches to achieve the estimation of TOAs in the two antennas, and finally obtains the DOA estimates via the difference in the TOAs between the two antennas. The proposed algorithm, which only requires 1D local searches, can avoid the high computational cost in 2D-PM algorithm. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm can obtain automatically paired parameters and has better joint TOA and DOA estimation performance than conventional PM algorithm, estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques algorithm and matrix pencil algorithm. Meanwhile, it has very close parameter estimation to that of 2D-PM algorithm. We have also derived the mean square error of TOA and DOA estimation of the proposed algorithm and the Cramer-Rao bound of TOA and DOA estimation in this paper. The simulation results verify the usefulness of the proposed algorithm.     

多孔硅发光机制的分析

从量子力学的基本理论出发讨论了量子限制效应，推导出多孔硅有效禁带宽度增量并用量子限制效应和表面态及其物质在发光中作用的理论解释了ＰＳ光致发光的实验现象。