基于有理函数的级联自适应预失真器

提出用有理函数来实现级联自适应预失真器,用于移动发射机中的功率放大器线性化.基于极坐标形式的自适应有理函数预失真器具有实现简单和收敛速度快等优点.通过对行波管功率放大器的非线性幅度和相位特性的线性化、抑制互调失真能力等方面来表明基于有理函数级联自适应预失真器的行为特性.计算机的仿真结果表明:该方法具有较好的非线性补偿效果,且抑制性能好.     

Ku波段模拟预失真线性化器

提出了一种基于模拟预失真方法的线性化器设计。利用预失真技术设计行波管配用线性化器的数学模型,得出了预失真电路的功率转移特性曲线和相位特性曲线。预失真电路采用上下支路对消结构,通过二极管产生失真信号,并利用2个可调衰减器和可调移相器来调节其幅度和相位,以此补偿功率放大器的AM-AM,AM-PM失真特性,改善输出信号的线性度。此外通过改变二极管的偏压,线性化器能够提供不同种幅度和相位特性的组合方式,用于不同特性的功放。基于该模拟预失真方法设计了行波管线性化器,在给定的动态范围内幅度扩张5 dB,相位扩张40°。     

一种预失真型线性化功率放大器及其特性

介绍一种采用平行式预失真器的预失真型线性化射频功率放大器。由于所采用的平行式预失真器的温度稳定性好、噪声低，且非线性特性与主放大器的非线性特性拟合效果好，使得由此构成的线性化功率放大器具有结构简单、线性化效果好、性能稳定等特点。给出了该线性化功率放大器的电路结构和工作原理，从理论上分析了该线性化功率放大器的工作特性，并利用专用的微波电路仿真工具进行仿真验证，结果表明这种预失真功率放大器具备良好的线性化特性。     

一种新型线性化器的研究

介绍了固态功率放大器的线性化技术,并提出了一种新型反向并联肖特基二极管预失真器结构。对预失真器原理与基本结构进行了分析,通过改变预失真器中二极管的外加偏置电压和电阻值来调节失真信号的幅度和相位,达到线性化的目的。同时,利用ADS软件对加预失真器的固态功率放大器进行电路优化仿真,根据电路优化参数,对线性化固态功率放大器进行研制。测试结果表明,固态功率放大器三阶交调改善了15.8 dB,五阶交调也改善了10 dB,线性化改善效果明显,突破了工程化应用的技术瓶颈。     

一种单入双出式神经网络的自适应预失真技术研究

放大器存在固有的非线性失真特性,会对通信系统性能造成严重影响。为了克服或降低放大器非线性特性,需要对其进行线性化处理。首先对功率放大器的非线性失真进行了数学分析,简单地介绍了预失真技术的基本原理和神经网络的基本知识,接着根据放大器幅度和相位的失真特性提出了一种简单的单入双出式神经网络自适应数字基带预失真技术,该技术能同时对放大器幅度和相位失真做出改善。最后以双音信号和16QAM信号为例进行了Matlab仿真。仿真结果印证了该技术具有较好的性能。     

一种行波管用毫米波射频预失真线性化器

射频预失真是提高功率放大器线性度的一种有效手段,精确补偿放大器的非线性失真需保证幅度和相位补偿同时满足要求.针对Ka波段行波管放大器的线性化,提出一种新型射频预失真电路.该电路由前置、后置电平调节模块和基于矢量合成技术的非线性信号产生模块构成.改变两电平调节模块的增益,可实现补偿区间的调节;改变非线性信号产生模块中两支路的偏置电压,可实现预失真补偿量调节及幅度/相位的独立调节.将实际电路与配用Ka行波管联测,在输出功率回退6 dB时,行波管三阶互调系数提高约11.5 dBc.     

中频数字预失真法改善功率放大器的非法性

对高功率放大器的失真特性进行了数学分析,描述了功率放大器三阶和五阶互调产物随工作状态不同而发生的变化。总结了常用的几种预失真线性化方法,着重详细介绍了中频数字预失真线性化方法对非线性功率放大器的校正原理和预失真电路系统设计,并通过Matlab仿真软件对设计电路进行了仿真,给出了仿真结果。对工程设计具有一定的指导意义。     

射频功放的立方预失真线性化技术

预失真技术是射频功率放大器线性化技术中的一种,与其他线性化技术相比具有电路简单可靠、性能优良、成本低廉等优点。立方预失真技术是其中的一种,该技术易于设计调试,且性能优良。对射频功率放大器的非线性特性进行了深入的理论分析,剖析了非线性失真产生的根源。说明了预失真技术的工作原理和结构,重点讨论了立方预失真器的原理和结构,并且给出了理论和实际系统的仿真结果。     

查找表联合记忆效应补偿技术的宽带自适应预失真算法

为了能够对记忆型功率放大器线性化处理,并能一定程度克服其记忆效应,该文介绍一种自适应数字预失真器。该数字预失真器采用查找表与记忆效应补偿技术相结合的方法,并且利用内插值方法有效减小了查找表幅度量化过程产生的误差。相比记忆多项式预失真器,这种预失真器的计算复杂度较小,却能够得到与其相近的线性化效果。基于功率放大器记忆多项式模型,利用OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)宽带信号验证该文提出的预失真器对记忆型非线性功率放大器的良好线性化效果。     

幅度和相位预失真参数并行估计的间接学习结构预失真方法

为解决传统间接学习结构自适应预失真器中幅度和相位预失真参数之间相互影响的问题,提出了一种对功率放大器的幅度和相位预失真参数进行分开和并行估计的自适应预失真方法,其中幅度和相位预失真器均采用间接学习结构进行训练;将该方法应用在典型的无记忆功率放大器模型中,对DVB-T标准中2k模式OFDM信号的预失真过程进行了实验仿真;仿真结果表明,在预失真多项式阶数相同条件下,改进的间接学习结构预失真方法与传统间接学习结构预失真方法相比较,带外谱抑制增益平均提高了约4dB。      

采用90°分支电桥的C波段预失真线性化器

为了改善功率放大器的三阶交调失真,提出了一种基于90°分支线电桥的C波段预失真线性化器,使用肖特基二极管产生非线性信号。通过改变线性化器的偏置电压及电容,可调整线性化器的增益扩张和相位延迟特性,与功放级联后对功放的三阶交调失真有改善作用。将该线性化器应用到工作频率为7 GHz,饱和功率为20 dBm的放大器上,在输出功率回退5 dBm处对放大器的三阶交调有10 dBc的改善。     

A predistortion linearizer using envelope-feedback technique withsimplified carrier cancellation scheme for class-A and class-AB poweramplifiers

A predistortion linearization method using an envelope-feedback technique is proposed and implemented in this paper. This linearizer compensates the gain and phase nonlinearity of power amplifier (PA) simultaneously by controlling both variable attenuator and phase shifter with the feedback of only the difference signal between input and output envelopes. A new carrier cancellation scheme composed of a minimization circuit, log detector, and vector modulator is also presented. This circuit achieves adaptive control of the linearizer by enabling direct measurement of out-of-band power. It is well suited to a multichannel system where the allocated channels are time variant. The principle of the proposed linearizer is described and simple AM-AM distortion analysis is presented analytically and graphically based on the conceptual schematic diagram. A two-tone test for a class-A PA at 1.855 GHz with frequency spacing of 1 MHz showed intermodulation-distortion reduction of maximum 16 dB and stable operation over 5-dB output power variation up to 4-dB backoff from the saturation power level. The proposed linearizer is also applicable to class-AB PA's without further special adjustments. The adaptation circuit is fully implemented with analog integrated circuits, which can further extend its applicability with the integration technology     

EVM simulation and analysis in digital transmitter

The error vector magnitude (EVM) is extensively applied as a metric for digital transmitter signal quality compliance in modern communication systems. This article is focused on the effects of local oscillator (LO) phase noise and nonlinear distortion of power amplifier on EVM. This article contributes to below aspects. First, the relationships between EVM and two effects, LO phase noise and nonlinear distortion of power amplifier, are derived and expressed. Second, to simplify the expression, the third-order intermodulation distortion (IMD3) is used to calculate the EVM. Then, an expression for the EVM is derived based on the digital transmitter model that considers local oscillator phase noise and nonlinear distortion of power amplifier. Finally, the math formula of bit error rate (BER) versus EVM is given which can be easier and more useful to predict BER, according to analysis of the relationship between EVM and signal to noise rate (SNR), inspired by the works of Rishad, Md. Shahriar and AHM, 2006. Simulations are carried out to display the performance of EVM based on these relationships.     

Novel linearizer using balanced circulators and its application tomultilevel digital radio systems

A miniaturized RF predistortion linearizer for a GaAs field-effect transistor power amplifier applicable to 256 quadrature-amplitude modulation (QAM) digital microwave systems is presented. This linearizer, which is based upon the cuber linearizer technique, utilizes circulators and a pair of diodes in the distortion generator to obtain high signal component isolation, and in the variable phase shifter to compensate for temperature variations. This allows miniaturization and easy adjustment of the circuit. Results show that a distortion reduction of more than 10 dB is obtained over a 300 MHz bandwidth. It was verified that distortion reduction can be achieved over a temperature range from 0 to 50°C. The fundamental characteristics of the linearizer and its effect on the 256-QAM signal are shown. The results show an improvement of more than 6 dB in the output back-off of the amplifier     

基于肖特基二极管的反射式可调预失真电路

为解决传统反射式预失真电路可调性不高、对功率放大器的邻信道泄漏比(ACLR)改善量小的问题,文 中提出了一种基于肖特基二极管的反射式可调模拟预失真电路。该电路由90°电桥、肖特基二极管以及偏置电路组 成。每条支路采用两个并联肖特基二极管产生非线性信号,以抵消功放的非线性失真。每一个肖特基二极管都有独立 的偏置电路,从而可以增加电路调节的自由度。通过改变每个肖特基二极管的偏压,可实现更大动态范围的幅度和相 位的补偿。基于此原理加工的S 波段模拟预失真电路对中心频率为3. 5 GHz 的Doherty 功率放大器进行线性化测试, 实验结果证明:加上提出的模拟预失真电路后,在输出功率为-28 dBm 时被测功放的ACLR 改善了14. 6 dBc 以上。     

前馈系统中辅助放大器非线性分析

前馈系统中由于信号对消环路失配,导致在辅助功放输入端载波信号无法完全对消,辅助放大器的再次非线性失真会影响整个系统的失真。本文研究了残余载波信号再次产生的互调失真对整个系统线性化指标的影响,并给出了系统性能与电路参数和幅度、相位失配的关系式,通过这个关系式可以计算出要达到特定载波互调比时所需器件的最低指标要求。     

FPGA Implementation of a Power Amplifier Linearizer for an ETSI-SDR OFDM Transmitter

Most satellite digital radio （SDR） systems use orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing （OFDM） transmission, which means that variable envelope signals are distorted by the RF power amplifier （PA）. It is customary to back off the input power to the PA to avoid the PA nonlinear region of operation. In this way, linearity can be achieved at the cost of power efficiency. Another attractive option is to use a linearizer, which compensates for the nonlinear effects of the PA. In this paper, an OFDM transmitter conforming to European Telecommunications Standard Institute SDR Technical Specifications 2007-2008 was designed and implemented on a low-cost field-programmable gate array （FPGA） platform. A weakly nonlinear PA, operating in the L-band SDR frequency, was used for signal transmission. An adaptive linearizer was designed and implemented on the same FPGA device using digital predistortion to correct the undesired effects of the PA on the transmitted signal. Test results show that spectral distortion can be suppressed between 6-9 dB using the designed linearizer when the PA is driven close to its saturation region.     

Ka波段高精度模拟预失真线性化器

模拟预失真技术是改善行波管放大器非线性失真的一种有效方法,但补偿精度较低的缺点是制约其进一步发展的关键因素。增益相位独立调节技术和补偿曲线形状调节技术是提升模拟预失真补偿精度的重要技术。提出了一种适用于Ka波段行波管放大器的高精度模拟预失真器,该预失真器采用双路矢量合成式结构,在29~31 GHz 范围内,通过调节二极管偏置电压可以同时实现补偿曲线形状调节和增益相位扩张量独立调节,有效提升了补偿精度。与行波管放大器的联合测试结果表明,在30 GHz 时,该预失真器可以将行波管放大器的增益压缩从5.3 dB 减小到1.2 dB,相位偏移从62°减小到6.5°。线性化后的行波管放大器的非线性失真明显降低,在输出功率回退5 dB 时,三阶互调系数提高了9.3 dB。     

Measurement technique for characterizing memory effects in RF poweramplifiers

Memory effects are defined as changes in the amplitude and phase of distortion components caused by changes in modulation frequency. These are particularly important in cancelling linearizer systems, e.g., when distortion is reduced by similar distortion in the opposite phase. This paper begins by describing electrical and electrothermal causes for memory effects. A three-tone test setup is then constructed to measure the phase of third-order intermodulation distortion products. This paper also presents the measured results for a bipolar junction transistor and a MESFET amplifier     

基于毫米波GaN固态功放的预失真线性化器

研制了一款用于毫米波GaN 固态功放的预失真线性化器。采用预失真线性化技术,通过调整I、Q 两路正交电路(I 路由线性可调衰减器构成,Q 路由二极管非线性电路构成)的外加偏置电压,可以实现预失真线性化器的幅度和相位分别可调。将该线性化器与工作频率为30 GHz 的毫米波GaN 固态功放级联测试,双音激励信号频率间隔为5 MHz,三阶互调(IMD3)可以改善约10 dB。