荔枝果皮色素的性能及其对保鲜作用的影响研究

以荔枝果皮提取液为材料,研究了光、热、pH值等对荔枝皮色素性能的影响及该色素的耐氧化还原性等。为荔枝果皮色素的保鲜研究提供了理论依据。     

壳聚糖复合涂膜对荔枝保鲜效果的研究

以壳聚糖为成膜保鲜剂、复配防腐剂山梨酸钾和抗氧化剂抗坏血酸,制成了一种荔枝复合涂膜保鲜剂,考察了其在室温(30~35℃)和低温[(6±1)℃]下对荔枝的保鲜效果。结果表明,与对照相比,无论是室温还是低温贮藏,经由1.0%壳聚糖、0.5%山梨酸钾和1.0%抗坏血酸组成的复合涂膜处理,可以显著抑制荔枝发生褐变,明显降低荔枝果实的失重率,减少可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、维生素C等营养物质的消耗,提高了荔枝的好果率,在室温下可使荔枝在6d内保持100%的好果率,而对照在第2d就只有90%的好果率;低温贮藏20d,对照的好果率仅为20%,而处理组的好果率为100%,低温贮藏30d,处理组的好果率仍高达90%。     

羊毛脂及其衍生物在皮革化学品研究中的应用

在介绍羊毛脂的组成和主要衍生物结构与基本特性的基础上，详细综述了国内外羊毛脂及其衍生物制备皮革化学品的发展状况及其应用特点，同时从分子设计角度阐述了以羊毛脂为原料研究开发皮革化学品的基本技术思路与方法，并对羊毛脂在皮革化学品的应用前景进行了展望。     

生物保鲜技术在果蔬贮藏保鲜中的应用

果蔬贮藏保鲜的发展,具有显著的经济效益和社会效益。生物技术在果蔬贮藏保鲜上的应用是近年新发展起来的具有发展前途的贮藏保鲜方法。本文概述了果蔬贮藏保鲜的原理和技术,同时对生物保鲜技术在果蔬贮藏保鲜中的应用进行了探讨。     

肉桂醛的应用

内桂醛具有杀菌、保鲜、除臭等功能以及良好的持香作用，因此广泛应用于香料、制药、日化及添加剂等领域。本文重点阐述了内桂醛在香精香料、日用化学品及食品添加剂方面的应用。内桂醛的广泛应用决定其具有十分广阔的发展前景。     

塑料薄膜袋保鲜荔枝的研究

本文论述利用树脂＋复合保鲜剂＋相容剂的原理及工艺过程,膜保鲜荔枝的效果。     

蔬菜水果贮藏保鲜剂仲丁胺

蔬菜水果贮藏保鲜剂仲丁胺仲丁胺也叫２一ＡＢ，美国ＴＵＴＡＲＥ，是国外大量使用的水果、蔬菜保鲜剂之一。做保鲜剂使用时仲丁胺通常适用于黄瓜、西红柿、辣椒、菜花、蒜台、苹果、荔枝、梨、桃、鲜花等贮藏保鲜，项目生产工艺路线简单、使用方便、三废易处理，保鲜效果...     

2005年《造纸化学品》征订启事

中国造纸化学品工业协会会刊《造纸化学品》杂志，是国内外公开发行的全面报道造纸用化学品的全国性的唯一的科技期刊。是《中国学术期刊(光盘版)》的入编刊物。本刊集学术研究，经营管理，技术信息，市场商情为一体，主要报道造纸用精细化学品的研制、开发、应用及国内外发展动向等。设有专题综述，科学实验，应用技术，经验交流，国内外动态，新产品，新技术，     

保鲜膜技术综述

主要介绍果蔬保鲜，粮食保鲜的气调保鲜技术，同时，对其保鲜机理和基本特征进行了初步的探讨。     

含氟化学品生产中过量氟化氢的吸附回收技术

介绍了含氟化学品生产过程中过量的氟化氢，采用吸附剂吸附回收的发明专利技术及应用，同时对应用该技术所产生的经济效益和社会环境效益进行了分析。     

Effect of two drying methods on antioxidant activity and hypoglycemic action of polysaccharides in three cultivars of lychee pulp

Effect of air drying and freeze drying on polysaccharides of lychee with three cultivars was determined in terms of polysaccharides yield, antioxidant capacity and hypoglycemic action. The results show that Guiwei lychee pulp had the highest crude polysaccharide yield among three lychees. However, Feizixiao lychee had the lowest EC₅₀ concentration and the highest FRAP (Ferric reducing antioxidant power) value. Moreover, Guiwei lychees dried by air drying had the best effect for improving glucose tolerance of normal mice and diabetic mice. Three freeze dried lychees had no significant effect. The effect of air dried Guiwei samples on decreasing TG was the best and it was even better than dapagliflozin group. Only freeze-dried Guiwei lychee could significant decrease the TC content in blood among all lychee samples. In a word, Feizixiao lychees had the best antioxidant capacity and Guiwei lychees had the best hypoglycemic effect. Air drying was better drying method for lychee polysaccharides than freeze drying in this study.     

Attraction of the Redbay Ambrosia Beetle, <Emphasis Type="BoldItalic">Xyleborus glabratus,</Emphasis> to Avocado,Lychee, and Essential Oil Lures

The redbay ambrosia beetle, Xyleborus glabratus Eichhoff, is an exotic wood-boring insect that vectors the mycopathogen responsible for laurel wilt, a lethal vascular disease of trees in the Lauraceae. High mortality has occurred in native Persea species in the southeastern U.S., and the vector-pathogen complex poses an imminent threat to the production of commercial avocado, P. americana, in south Florida. There is a critical need for effective attractants to detect, monitor, and control this invasive pest. This study combined field tests and laboratory bioassays to evaluate the response of female X. glabratus to host-based volatiles from wood of avocado (cultivars of West Indian, Guatemalan, and Mexican races); from wood of lychee (Litchi chinensis, a presumed non-host that is high in the sesquiterpene α-copaene, a putative attractant); and to commercial lures containing manuka and phoebe oils, two reported attractive baits. Volatile collections and GC-MS analyses were performed to quantify the sesquiterpene content of test substrates. In the field, traps baited with lychee wood captured more beetles than those with wood from avocado cultivars; traps baited with phoebe oil lures captured more beetles than those with manuka oil lures (the current monitoring tool). In field and laboratory tests, X. glabratus did not show a preference among avocado races in either attraction or host acceptance (initiation of boring). In choice tests, lychee was more attractive than avocado initially, but a higher percentage of beetles bored into avocado, suggesting that lychee emits more powerful olfactory/visual cues, but that avocado contains more of the secondary cues necessary for host recognition. Emissions of α-copaene, β-caryophyllene, and α-humulene were correlated with field captures, and lychee wood may be a source of additional semiochemicals for X. glabratus.     

Toxicology and hygiene assessment of production operations for synthetic fibers and products as a necessary aspect of occupational safety

This paper is devoted to a major area of concern and an approach for hygiene and toxicology studies allowing us to estimate the potential risk to workers from chemicals and to recommend protective measures aimed at preservation of health. We present tentative safe exposure levels in atmospheric air and maximum permissible concentrations in the workplace for a number of chemicals, obtained as a result of toxicology animal studies. We demonstrate the capabilities of a method for rapid assessment in vitro of the general acute toxicity on the AT-05 image analyzer.     

A study on microwave vacuum dried re-structured lychee (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) mixed with purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) snacks

Lychee high sugar content is the biggest disadvantage in drying processes which limits the production of dried lychee for snacks. Purple sweet potato was blended with lychee to develop new snacks using microwave drying techniques. Optimal ingredients proportion and drying conditions were evaluated in terms of their influences on product's organoleptic properties (crispness and mouth feel) and quality attribute. The results showed that addition of 4% potato starch to paste mixture improved the crispness of dried chips. Also, the optimum ratio between purple sweet potato and lychee to produce desirable snacks was found to be 7:3 (W:W). In case of the drying parameters, the high power density resulted in shorter drying time and chips with improved nutrients. Generally speaking the method employed for the drying operation produced no browning throughout the experiments. Therefore, this research has a good future for industrial application.     

荔枝核药用及荔枝种贮藏研究进展

荔枝核主要含酸性化合物,挥发油,碳水化合物等化学成分,其主要药效有降血糖,调血脂,抑制乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原（HBsAg)等,干燥对荔枝种的发芽率,活力指数和湿度会产生影响,荔枝种应在80％NO2／20％O2的条件下贮藏。     

工业锅炉锅内水处理药剂现状与发展

工业锅炉通过锅内加药处理来防腐防垢是一种主要的水处理方式,锅内水处理质量的好坏直接影响其安全运行和使用寿命。作者在对我国目前工业锅炉水处理现状及药剂现状进行分析的基础上,重点论述了工业锅炉锅内水处理药剂的应用与发展,对广泛使用的各种无机阻垢剂、有机胶体、有机阻垢剂、无机除氧剂、有机除氧剂以及新开发使用的药剂的使用范围、优缺点等都作了比较分析,并且对蒸汽冷凝水系统防腐蚀药剂进行了探讨,最后对工业锅炉水处理药剂未来的发展方向作了展望。     

Characterization of konjac glucomannan–quaternized poly(4‐vinyl‐N‐butyl) pyridine blend films and their preservation effect

Novel polymer blends were prepared from a mixture of 2 wt % konjac glucomannan and 4 wt % quaternized poly(4‐vinyl‐N‐butyl) pyridine (QPVP) in aqueous solution and dried at room temperature for 72 h. Their structure and properties were studied by infrared, wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. Thermal stability in the dry state was reduced with increasing content of QPVP. Compared with QPVP film, the tensile strength of the films was improved in the dry state. The maximum value of 12.74% tensile break elongation was reached when the content of QPVP was 30%. Structural analysis indicated that clear phase separation was observed when the content of QPVP was only 50%. Results from the filmcoating preservation experiments with lychee showed that this blend film had water‐holding ability. The fruit weight loss rate and rot rate both decreased in various degrees. The potential uses of these novel polymer films could be as preservative films. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 93: 1868–1875, 2004     

Effect of Ozone Treatment on the Reduction of Chlorpyrifos Residues in Fresh Lychee Fruits

The effect of ozone on the reduction of chlorpyrifos residue in lychee cv. Chakapat (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) was studied. Lychee fruits were dipped in the solution of chlorpyrifos at a concentration of 10 mg L^?1 for 10 min. Then, they were exposed to ozone gas (O₃) at concentrations of 80, 160, 200, 240 mg L^?1 and dipped in ozone-containing water, at concentrations of 2.2, 2.4, 3.4 and 3.2 mg. L^?1 for 10, 20, 30 and 60 min, respectively. Both ozone gas and ozone-containing water reduced pesticide residue in lychee, but exposure to ozone gas for 60 min was most effective. When lychee fruits were stored at 25 °C for 6 days, both processes did not show significant differences in weight loss, total soluble solids (TSS) and titratable acidity (TA). However, ozone-containing water decreased the eating quality of lychees after storage, compared with the ozone-fumigated groups.     

Three designs for the internal release of sealants, adhesives, and waterproofing chemicals into concrete to reduce permeability

Various types of hazardous wastes need engineered barriers to prevent outflow. Concrete is a brittle and porous material, which changes dramatically over its lifetime. In order to design waste barriers using any type of concrete, the most effective intervention occurs at the time when it is needed during the life of the material and at the location undergoing distress. Internally placed encapsulators containing sealants, adhesives, and waterproofing are designed to release these chemicals where and when they are needed. Optimizing for durability requires an understanding of the timing and location of release. In all of the cases, brittle fibers containing adhesives or sealants release the chemicals where and when the matrix cracks, causing the fiber to crack and release chemicals. Research from over a decade is presented with special emphasis on permeability, cracking, and data and results from field tests.     

Sichere Lagerung von Stoffen in der chemischen Industrie

Safe storage of chemicals. Stored chemicals can be a health risk, combustible, unstable, or explosive. It is consequently necessary to prevent such substances and their reaction products from damaging the environment or endangering people as a result of their release, decomposition, fire, or explosion. Storage conditions must therefore always be appropriate for the properties of the substances. This paper starts by outlining the basic principles of safe storage, namely minimization of potential hazards, avoidance of potential causes of danger and containing of any possible effects. Examples illustrate how the properties of the substances are taken into account in practice.