国产300MW汽轮发电机灭磁方式的改进

介绍了山东邹县发电厂３００ＭＷ国产汽轮发电机组灭磁方式的改进，以及改进后的试验结果和运行情况。取消发电机灭磁开关（ＤＭ２），利用ＡＶＲ的逆变功能和跳开主励磁机灭磁开关ＬＭＫ对主励磁机进行快速灭磁、发电机自然灭磁，是行之有效的措施。     

大型发电机灭磁系统改进的建议

介绍了国内外大型发电机的灭磁方式，对ＤＭ２型灭磁开关存在的问题及灭磁系统的改进进行了分析，论述了取消发电机转子回路灭磁开关的可行性，并就我省灭磁系统的具体情况提出了改进建议。     

一种新型灭磁开关的现场灭磁实验

介绍了一种新型灭磁开关在现场工况的灭磁实验,并对实验结果进行了分析。     

意大利320MW发电机转子静态灭磁与过电压保护技术

对意大利３２０ＭＷ发电机转子静态灭磁与过电保护装置进行了分析，并对其励磁回路，跨接器触发方式，灭磁控制和跨接器保护动作逻辑作了介绍。该装置由于全部采用跨接器来实现静态灭磁和过电压保护，消除了因传统灭磁开关所引起的故障和事故，提高发电机安全运行的可靠性。     

灭磁的作用及功能探讨

灭磁是励磁系统的-个功能,灭磁装置是励磁系统(无刷励磁除外)的一部分,它们一直受到业内人士的探讨.本文对灭磁的作用及功能进行了探讨并提出了自己的观点.     

发电机灭磁过电压及其保护装置的应用

分析了灭磁过电压机理，对ＤＭ系列灭磁形状产生的过电压类型及其限制措施做了介绍。     

水轮发电机无弧灭磁装置的研究与应用

水轮发电机单机容量的增加对发电机灭磁系统的可靠性提出更高要求。针对灭磁开关与非线性灭磁电阻组成的移能灭磁系统灭磁失败问题,提出一种无弧灭磁装置予以解决,其通过整流桥控制角改变整流桥输出电压瞬时值,从而提高水轮发电机灭磁系统灭磁的可靠性。灭磁时序试验验证了所提装置的有效性和实用性。     

大型同步发电机新型灭磁系统分析

随着同步发电机组容量的增加，为防止发电机内部故障扩大，对发电机的灭磁系统提出了更高的要求。本文分析了交流灭磁和无源零开断自动灭磁两种灭磁方式，对大型同步发电机的灭磁系统应用做了一些展望。     

水轮发电机灭磁方式分析

水轮发电机灭磁方式经历了线性常值电阻灭磁方式、自动灭磁开关的消弧栅灭磁方式和非线性电阻灭磁方式。对发电机的常值电阻灭磁方式、自动灭磁开关的消弧栅灭磁方式和非线性电阻灭磁方式进行了原理和性能分析,并与发电机理想灭磁的要求进行了比较,提出采用氧化锌非线性电阻灭磁装置灭磁的必要性。     

关于发电机灭磁方案的探讨

本文提出一种新的灭磁时序,分析了多种可能工况下发电机转子灭磁的效果。仿真结果表明采用这种灭磁时序可以有效地实现交直流冗余灭磁。这种灭磁时序甚至可以将对直流灭磁开关弧压要求降低到灭磁电阻残压大小,对发电机的灭磁具有指导意义,可以广泛地应用到采用非线性电阻的发电机灭磁中去。     

大型水轮发电机引进灭磁装置存在问题的探讨

本通过对我国近年引进的大型水轮发电机组灭磁装置运行与实验情况的研究，认为有的引进设备无论设计参数的选择还是自身可靠性方面或多或少地存在一些问题，应给以足够重视，在总结的基础上提出解决机组灭磁可靠性的技术方向。     

电费回收难点问题及对策

提出了供电企业中客户拖欠电费成为企业中的一大难题,在电力市场化改革的过程中如何解决电费回收难问题是电力部门的重要课题。通过分析新形势下电费回收难问题产生的背景,找出电费回收难的原因,指出应采取包括健全制度、加强领导、法律渠道、采纳新技术手段等在内的几条解决措施,希望能为该问题的解决提供一点借鉴。     

基于变量降维的大电网经济调度优化方法

随着电网规模扩大,经济调度问题因变量增多,维度巨大,造成求解困难。文中利用Benders分解法,将大电网安全约束经济调度问题分解为无安全约束的优化主问题和网络潮流安全约束子问题,将子问题安全约束返回主问题进行模型重构,通过主子问题协调最终实现问题求解。优化问题求解过程中,根据当前运行信息,对机组调整价值进行甄别,将其中对安全和经济贡献小的机组进行集中处理,同时根据重要断面潮流负荷变化的物理特征对研究时段进行检验,将非重点关注的相邻时段进行简化合并,实现压缩机组变量和时段数量、降低求解维度的目的。最后,算例验证表明基于变量降维的优化方法可以减少大电网优化时间,同时保持较高的求解精度,满足工程化计算要求。     

Transmission network expansion planning considering repowering and reconfiguration

Transmission expansion planning (TEP) is a classic problem in electric power systems. In current optimization models used to approach the TEP problem, new transmission lines and two-winding transformers are commonly used as the only candidate solutions. However, in practice, planners have resorted to non-conventional solutions such as network reconfiguration and/or repowering of existing network assets (lines or transformers). These types of non-conventional solutions are currently not included in the classic mathematical models of the TEP problem. This paper presents the modeling of necessary equations, using linear expressions, in order to include non-conventional candidate solutions in the disjunctive linear model of the TEP problem. The resulting model is a mixed integer linear programming problem, which guarantees convergence to the optimal solution by means of available classical optimization tools. The proposed model is implemented in the AMPL modeling language and is solved using CPLEX optimizer. The Garver test system, IEEE 24-busbar system, and a Colombian system are used to demonstrate that the utilization of non-conventional candidate solutions can reduce investment costs of the TEP problem.     

电力系统动态安全调度新算法

提出了一种动态安全调度新算法。基于最大相容集的概念，从暂态稳定控制的工程背景出发，将可行域为空的动态安全调度优化问题扩展为在其最大相容集簇上的寻优问题。并将其转换成一个混合整数规划模型，解决了动态安全约束过强导致优化问题不可行及预防控制的经济代价过高等困难。试验算例证实了模型和方法的有效性，根据动态安全调度特点探讨了今后的研究方向。     

Application of NSGA-II Algorithm to Single-Objective Transmission Constrained Generation Expansion Planning

This paper presents an application of elitist nondominated sorting genetic algorithm version II (NSGA-II), a multiobjective algorithm to a constrained single objective optimization problem, the transmission constrained generation expansion planning (TC-GEP) problem. The TC-GEP problem is a large scale and challenging problem for the decision makers (to decide upon site, capacity, type of fuel, etc.) as there exist a large number of combinations. Normally the TC-GEP problem has an objective and a set of constraints. To use NSGA-II, the problem is treated as a two-objective problem. The first objective is the minimization of cost and the second objective is to minimize the sum of normalized soft constraints violation. The hard constraints (must satisfy constraints) are treated as constraints only. To improve the performance of the NSGA-II, two modifications are proposed. In problem formulation the modification is virtual mapping procedure (VMP), and in NSGA-II algorithm, controlled elitism is introduced. The NSGA-II is applied to solve TC-GEP problem for modified IEEE 30-bus test system for a planning horizon of six years. The results obtained by NSGA-II are compared and validated against single-objective genetic algorithm and dynamic programming. The effectiveness of each proposed approach has also been discussed in detail.     

Optimal coordination of directional overcurrent relays ininterconnected power systems

The authors present a new methodology based upon the principles of optimization theory, to treat the problem of optimal coordination of directional overcurrent relays in interconnected power systems. With the application of the proposed technique, this coordination problem is stated as a parameter optimization problem, which in general, is of a large dimension, especially when many different system configurations and perturbations are to be considered. Several optimization procedures, including direct methods and decomposition techniques, for solving this large scale coordination problem are described, and results of optimally coordinating directional overcurrent relays in power systems with up to 30 buses are presented     

Gaming Strategy for Electric Power With Random Demand

Recent work has shown that the profit maximizing problem for a generator in a competitive electricity market can be written as a mathematical program with equilibrium constraints (MPECs). In this paper, the problem of optimal generator bidding when there is a single demand is considered. The simplifications to the MPEC afforded by the assumption on the demand are shown. When the demand is stochastic and assumed to be normally distributed, the optimization that each player undertakes is written as a chance constrained program. It is shown that the solution to this stochastic problem can be found by solving a deterministic MPEC. The problem is considered with and without supply capacity constraints. By considering each of these cases as a game theory problem, the existence and uniqueness of Nash points are analyzed. These properties of the Nash point are then inferred onto the stochastic problem.     

Decomposition-coordination interior point method and its application to multi-area optimal reactive power flow

A decomposition-coordination interior point method (DIPM) is presented and applied to the multi-area optimal reactive power flow (ORPF) problem in this paper. In the method, the area distributed ORPF problem is first formed by introducing duplicated border variables. Then the nonlinear primal dual interior point method (IPM) is directly applied to the distributed ORPF problem in which a Newton system with border-matrix-blocks is formulated. Finally the overall ORPF problem is solved in decomposition iterations with the Newton system being decoupled. The proposed DIPM inherits the good performance of the traditional IPM with a feature appropriate for distributed calculations among multiple areas. It can be easily extended to other distributed optimization problems of power systems. Numeric results of five IEEE Test Systems are demonstrated and comparisons are made with those obtained using the traditional auxiliary problem principle (APP) method. The results show that the DIPM for the multi-area OPRF problem requires less iterations and CPU time, has better stability in convergence, and reaches better optimality compared to the traditional auxiliary problem principle method.     

基于广义Benders分解的启发式机组组合优化

电力系统机组组合问题是一个高维、离散、非线性的工程优化问题。提出了一种基于Benders分解的启发式算法。该算法一方面充分利用研究时段负荷曲线的特征,将问题进行解耦,减小被研究问题的规模。另一方面,利用Benders分解算法在混合整数规划中的有效性,提高了解决问题的效率。算例表明该方法效率高、结果稳定,有较好的实用价值。